????????

???????? ???? ???? ???????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ?????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ?????????????? ?????????? ??? television ???????????????? ?????? tele- ("???????" ? ???- ) ??? -vision ???????? ????????? visio (" ?????????? " ? ????? ) ???????? ??? ???? TV ( ???? )

??????????????????????????????????????? ????????????? ?.?. 1925 ?????????????????????????? ????? ???? ????? ???????????? ^[1]

????????????????????????????? [ ??? ]

VHF ??????? 12 ???? ??? ???? 1-12 ????????????? 13 ???? ???????????? 13 ??????? (???????????????? ?????????? ???????????????????????????)
UHF ??????? 72 ???? ??? ???? 13-84 ?????????????????????????? 14 ???????????????????????????????? 71 ????

??????? ????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????? 1 ??????? 18 ?????????????????????????? 19 ??????? 72 ??????? ??????????? 2 ???????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????

??????????????? [ ??? ]

???????? 3 ????????????

????????????????????????????????????? [ ??? ]

???? ????????
???? ????????

??????????????????????????? [ ??? ]

???? ???????? ?????????? ????????

?????????? [ ??? ]

?????????? ?????????????????????????????????

????????????????? [ ??? ]

????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????? SDTV ??????????????????? 8 ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 14-28 ???? ???????????????????????????????? HDTV ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????? 35 ????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????

????	????	?????????	????????
??????????????????????	320 × 240	4 : 3	LDTV (240p)
??????????????????????????	640 × 480	4 : 3	SDTV (480p)
?????????????????????????? (????????)	1024 × 576	16 : 9	EDTV (576i)
?????????????????????? (????????)	1920 × 1080	16 : 9	HDTV (1080i)
????????????????????????? (????????)	2560 × 1440	16 : 9	EHDTV (1440i)
?????????????????????????? (4k) (????????)	3840 × 2160	16 : 9	QHDTV (2160p)
????????????????????????????? (8k) (????????)	7680 × 4320	16 : 9	UHDTV (4320p)

?????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????
????????????????????????? ????????????? ????????????????????????????? 4k ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
???????? 4k ?????????????????????????????????????? 2012 ?????????????????????????? ??????????????? 2014 ???????????????
???????? 8k ?????????????????????????????????????? 2016 ?????????????????????????? ?????????????????? 2020 ????????????????????????????

?????????????????? [ ??? ]

??????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 1 ??????????????????? ???? ??????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????? ???????????? ?????????????????????? ??????????????? 4 ??????? ?????? 4 ???????????????????????????????????????????? 1 ?????????????????????????????????? 4 ??????????????????????????????? 2 ?????????? ??? ?????? 2 ??? 3 ????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????

8/7 Central ??????? 16:00 (4 pm) ??????????????????? 1 ????????? (Hawaii Time)

8/7 Central ??????? 17:00 (5 pm) ??????????????????? 2 ????????? (Alaska Time)

8/7 Central ??????? 18:00 (6 pm) ??????????????????? 1 ????????? (Pacific Time)
8/7 Central ??????? 19:00 (7 pm) ??????????????????? 2 ????????? (Mountain Time)
8/7 Central ??????? 20:00 (8 pm) ??????????????????? 3 ????????? (Central Time)
8/7 Central ??????? 21:00 (9 pm) ??????????????????? 4 ????????? (Eastern Time)

8/7 Central ??????? 22:00 (10 pm) ??????????????????? 3 ????????? (Atlantic Time)

8/7 Central ??????? 22:30 (10:30 pm) ??????????????????? 4 ????????? (Newfoundland Time)

8/7 Central ??????? 23:00 (11 pm) ??????????????????? 5 ????????? (Saint Pierre & Miquelon Time & Western Greenland Time)

???????????????????????????? 8/7 Central ??????????????????????????????????????? 18:00 (6 pm) ?????? (??????????????????????????????????????????????? 48 ????????????????????????????????????? Atlantic Time ??? Newfoundland Time ???????????? Eastern Time ???????????? Hawaii Time ??? Alaska Time ????????????????? 1-2 ???????) ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????? 2 ???????????????????????????????????????????????????? 1-2 ???????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????? Affiliate ?????????????????????????????

??????? [ ??? ]

↑ "World Analogue Television Standards and Waveforms - section - Timeline" . Histrorical television data 2011. ????????????????????? ????????? ????? 2008-02-20 . ??????????? 29 January 2011 .

???????????????? [ ??? ]

Albert Abramson, The History of Television, 1942 to 2000 , Jefferson, NC, and London, McFarland, 2003, ISBN 0-7864-1220-8 .
Pierre Bourdieu , On Television , The New Press, 2001.
Tim Brooks and Earle March, The Complete Guide to Prime Time Network and Cable TV Shows , 8th ed., Ballantine, 2002.
Jacques Derrida and Bernard Stiegler , Echographies of Television , Polity Press, 2002.
David E. Fisher and Marshall J. Fisher, Tube: the Invention of Television , Counterpoint, Washington, DC, 1996, ISBN 1-887178-17-1 .
Steven Johnson , Everything Bad is Good for You: How Today's Popular Culture Is Actually Making Us Smarter , New York, Riverhead (Penguin), 2005, 2006, ISBN 1-59448-194-6 .
Jerry Mander , Four Arguments for the Elimination of Television , Perennial, 1978.
Jerry Mander, In the Absence of the Sacred , Sierra Club Books, 1992, ISBN 0-87156-509-9 .
Neil Postman , Amusing Ourselves to Death : Public Discourse in the Age of Show Business , New York, Penguin US, 1985, ISBN 0-670-80454-1 .
Evan I. Schwartz, The Last Lone Inventor: A Tale of Genius, Deceit, and the Birth of Television , New York, Harper Paperbacks, 2003, ISBN 0-06-093559-6 .
Beretta E. Smith-Shomade, Shaded Lives: African-American Women and Television , Rutgers University Press, 2002.
Alan Taylor, We, the Media: Pedagogic Intrusions into US Mainstream Film and Television News Broadcasting Rhetoric , Peter Lang, 2005, ISBN 3-631-51852-8 .

??????????????? [ ??? ]

A History of Television ???????? 2012-03-14 ??? ?????????????? at the Canada Science and Technology Museum
The Encyclopedia of Television ???????? 2013-10-06 ??? ?????????????? at the Museum of Broadcast Communications
The Evolution of TV, A Brief History of TV Technology in Japan ???????? 2013-07-18 ??? ?????????????? NHK
Television's History ? The First 75 Years ???????? 2013-06-25 ??? ??????????????
Worldwide Television Standards ???????? 2011-08-11 ??? ??????????????
Global TV Market Data
Television in Color , April 1944 one of the earliest magazine articles detailing the new technology of color television
Littleton, Cynthia. "Happy 70th Birthday, TV Commercial broadcasts bow on July 1, 1941; Variety calls it 'corney'" , Variety , July 1, 2011. ???????? 2011-07-04 ??? ?????????????? .

?????? ?????????? ??? ????????? ?????????? ???? ???????????????????????????????? ???????????????

[1] "World Analogue Television Standards and Waveforms - section - Timeline" . Histrorical television data 2011. ????????????????????? ????????? ????? 2008-02-20 . ??????????? 29 January 2011 .

[1]