????? ????? ?????? (1847 ???????? 11 - 1931 ?????????? 18) ??? ?????? ????????? ???????????. ???? ????????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ??????????, ?????? ????? ??? ??????.

?????????? ???????? ??? ????? 1877 ???. ???? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????????? ?? ??? ?????? ????????? ????????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ?????. 1880 ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????????????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ‘ ?????????? ’ ????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????. ‘ ?????????? ’ ???????? ???? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ? ?????.

1901 ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ????. ??? ??????????? ??? ??? ??????????????? ???? ????? ???? ??????.

?????? ?????? ?????????????? ?????. ???????? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ?????????? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ?????.

????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? 1931 ?????????? 18 ?? ????. ? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????????. ???????? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ?? ??????.