Thomas Edison
Murya
Rayuwa
Cikakken suna	Thomas Alva Edison
Haihuwa	Milan (en) , 11 ga Faburairu, 1847
?asa	Tarayyar Amurka
?abila	Amurkawa
Harshen uwa	Turanci
Mutuwa	West Orange (en) , 18 Oktoba 1931
Makwanci	Thomas Edison National Historical Park (en)
Yanayin mutuwa	Sababi na ainihi  ( Nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 )
?an uwa
Mahaifi	Samuel Ogden Edison
Mahaifiya	Nancy Elliott
Abokiyar zama	Mary Stilwell Edison (en)  (1871 -  9 ga Augusta, 1884) Mina Miller (en)  (1886 -  1931)
Yara	view Charles Edison (en) Theodore Miller Edison (en) Thomas Alva Edison Jr. (en) Marion Estelle Edison Oeser (en) Madeleine Edison (en) William Leslie Edison (en)
Ahali	Carlisle Snow Edison (en)
?an uwa	view Lewis Miller (en) ( father-in-law (en) )
Karatu
Makaranta	Cooper Union (en) (1875 - 1879) : kimiya
Harsuna	Turanci
Sana'a
Sana'a	injiniya , inventor (en) , masanin lissafi , entrepreneur (en) , marubin wasannin kwaykwayo , ?an kasuwa , darakta da physicist (en)
Employers	General Electric (en) Continental Edison (en)
Muhimman ayyuka	incandescent light bulb (en) phonograph (en)
Kyaututtuka	gani Commander of the Legion of Honour  (10 Satumba 1889) Grammy Trustees Award  (1977) Benjamin Franklin Medal Matteucci Medal  (1887) Rumford Prize  (1895) John Scott Award  (1889) New Jersey Hall of Fame  (2008) Franklin Medal  (1915) Congressional Gold Medal  (1928) National Inventors Hall of Fame  (1973) Navy Distinguished Service Medal  (1920) Albert Medal  (1892) Edward Longstreth Medal  (1899) Technical Grammy Award  (2010) John Fritz Medal  (1908) honorary doctor of Rutgers University star on Hollywood Walk of Fame Knight of the Legion of Honour  (1879) Officer of the Legion of Honour  (1881) grand officer of the Order of the Crown of Italy  (1889) John Scott Award  (1929)
Ayyanawa daga	gani [[ Nobel Prize in Physics (en) ]] (1915)
Mamba	Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences (en) American Philosophical Society (en) Academy of Sciences of the USSR (en) Russian Academy of Sciences (en) National Academy of Sciences (en) Naval Advisory Board of Inventions (en)
Imani
Addini	deism (en)
IMDb	nm0249379

Thomas Alva Edison (11 ga watan Fabrairu, 1847 – Oktoba 18, 1931) ?an Amurka ne kuma inventor kuma ?an kasuwa. Ya ?era na'urori da yawa a fannoni kamar samar da wutar lantarki, sadarwar jama'a, rikodin sauti, da hotuna masu motsi (motion pictures). ^[1] Wa?annan abubuwan ?ir?ira wa?anda suka ha?a da phonograph, kyamarar hoto mai motsi, da farkon nau'ikan kwan fitilar lantarki, sun yi tasiri sosai a duniyar masana'antu ta zamani. Ya kasance ?aya daga cikin masu ?ir?ira na farko don yin amfani da ka'idodin kimiyyar da aka tsara da ha?in gwiwa zuwa tsarin ?ir?ira, aiki tare da masu bincike da ma'aikata da yawa. Ya kafa dakin bincike na masana'antu na farko. ^[2]

Edison ya girma a Midwest Amurka. A farkon aikinsa ya yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikacin telegraph, wanda ya ?arfafa wasu daga cikin abubuwan da ya fara ?ir?ira. A cikin shekarar 1876, ya kafa dakin gwaje-gwajensa na farko a Menlo Park, New Jersey, inda aka ?ullo da yawancin abubuwan ?ir?ira na farko. Daga baya ya kafa dakin gwaje-gwaje na kayan lambu a Fort Myers, Florida, tare da ha?in gwiwar 'yan kasuwa Henry Ford da Harvey S. Firestone, da dakin gwaje-gwaje a West Orange, New Jersey, wanda ya nuna gidan wasan kwaikwayo na farko na duniya, Black Maria. Tare da ha??in mallaka na Amurka 1,093 a cikin sunansa, da kuma ha??in mallaka a wasu ?asashe, ana ?aukar Edison a matsayin wanda ya fi kowa ?ir?ira a tarihin Amurka. ^[3] Edison ya yi aure sau biyu kuma ya haifi ‘ya’ya shida. Ya mutu a shekara ta 1931 saboda matsalolin ciwon sukari . ^[4]

?uruciya [ gyara sashe | gyara masomin ]

An haifi Thomas Edison a cikin shekarar 1847 a Milan, Ohio, amma ya girma a Port Huron, Michigan, bayan dangi ya ?aura a 1854. Shi ne ?a na bakwai kuma na ?arshe na Samuel Ogden Edison Jr. (1804-1896, an haife shi a Marshalltown, Nova Scotia) da Nancy Matthews Elliott (1810-1871, an haife shi a gundumar Chenango, New York). Layin danginsa na mahaifa shine Yaren mutanen Holland ta hanyar New Jersey ; sunan farko shine "Edeson". Kakansa John Edeson ya gudu daga New Jersey zuwa Nova Scotia a 1784, mahaifinsa ya koma Vienna, Ontario kuma ya gudu bayan ya shiga cikin tawayen 1837. ^[5]

Edison ya kasance mahaifiyarsa ce ta koya masa karatu da rubutu da lissafi. Ya yi makarantar 'yan watanni kawai. Duk da haka, wani marubucin tarihin rayuwa ya kwatanta shi a matsayin yaro mai son sani wanda ya koyi abubuwa da yawa ta wurin karatu da kansa. Lokacin yana yaro, ya zama abin sha'awar fasaha kuma ya shafe sa'o'i yana aiki a kan gwaji a gida.

Edison ya sami matsala ta ji yana da shekaru 12. An alakanta dalilin kurmarsa da bullar scarlet fever a lokacin yana yaro da kuma ciwon middle ear infection da ke taruwa akai-akai. Daga baya ya shirya fitattun labarai na ?agaggun labarai game da musabbabin kurmarsa. ^[6] Yayin da ya kasance kurma gaba daya a kunne daya kuma da kyar yake ji a daya, ana zargin Edison zai saurari mai kunna ki?a ko piano ta hanyar cusa ha?oransa a cikin itace don ?aukar ra?uman sauti a cikin kwanyarsa. Yayin da ya girma, Edison ya yi imanin cewa rashin jinsa ya ba shi damar kauce wa damuwa kuma ya fi mayar da hankali kan aikinsa. Masana tarihi na zamani da ?wararrun likita sun nuna cewa yana iya samun ADHD .

An san cewa a farkon aikinsa ya shiga cikin kwas din sunadarai a The Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art don tallafawa aikinsa akan sabon tsarin telegraphy tare da Charles Batchelor. Wannan da alama ita ce kawai rajistar da ya yi a kwasa-kwasan a wata babbar jami'a. ^[7]

Farkon aiki [ gyara sashe | gyara masomin ]

Thomas Edison ya fara aikinsa a matsayin mahautan labarai, yana sayar da jaridu, alewa da kayan lambu a kan jiragen da ke gudana daga Port Huron zuwa Detroit. Ya juya ribar dala 50 a mako tun yana dan shekara 13, yawancinsu sun je siyan kayan aikin gwajin lantarki da na sinadarai. Yana da shekaru 15, a cikin shekarar 1862, ya ceci Jimmie MacKenzie mai shekaru 3 daga wani jirgin da ya gudu. Mahaifin Jimmie, wakilin tashar JU MacKenzie na Dutsen Clemens, Michigan, ya yi godiya sosai cewa ya horar da Edison a matsayin ma'aikacin telegraph. Aikin farko na Edison na wayar tarho daga Port Huron ya kasance a Stratford Junction, Ontario, akan Grand Trunk Railway. ^[8] Ya kuma yi nazarin qualitative analysis kuma ya gudanar da gwaje-gwajen sinadarai har sai da ya bar aikin maimakon a kore shi bayan an kama shi da laifin wani karo kusa da jiragen kasa biyu. ^[9]

Edison ya sami ke?antaccen ha??in sayar da jaridu akan hanya, kuma, tare da taimakon mataimaka hu?u, ya saita nau'in kuma ya buga Grand Trunk Herald , wanda ya sayar da sauran takaddunsa. ^[9] Wannan ya fara dogon zango na ayyukan kasuwanci na Edison, yayin da ya gano hazakarsa a matsayinsa na dan kasuwa. A ?arshe, kasuwancinsa ya kasance tsakiyar kafa wasu kamfanoni 14, ciki har da General Electric, wanda ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan kamfanonin kasuwanci a duniya.

Manazarta [ gyara sashe | gyara masomin ]

1. ↑ Adrian Wooldridge (September 15, 2016). "The alphabet of success" . The Economist . Archived from the original on September 16, 2016. Retrieved September 16, 2016.
2. ↑ Sproule, Anna (2000). Thomas Alva Edison: The World's Greatest Inventor (1st U.S. ed.). Woodbridge, CT: Blackbirch Press. ISBN 978-1-56711-331-0
3. ↑ Paul S. Boyer. Missing or empty |title= ( help )
4. ↑ "The Wizard of Menlo Park" . The Franklin Institute. Archived from the original on March 5, 2013. Retrieved February 24, 2013.
5. ↑ Boyer, Paul S. , ed. (2001). The Oxford Companion to United States History . Oxford University Press . p. 211. ISBN 978-0-19-989109-2 . OCLC 57680178 .
6. ↑ "National Historic Landmarks Program (NHL)" . Tps.cr.nps.gov. January 12, 1965. Archived from the original on August 8, 2011. Retrieved December 31, 2013.
7. ↑ "Samuel and Nancy Elliott Edison ? Thomas Edison National Historical Park (U.S. National Park Service)" . Archived from the original on October 9, 2021. Retrieved October 9, 2021.
8. ↑ Baldwin, p. 37
9. ↑ ^{9.0 9.1} Samfuri:Cite CAB