????? ?????

Italian
Italian
italiano , lingua italiana
????????	[ita?ljaːno]
???????? ?????	Italy , Switzerland ( Ticino and southern Canton of Graubunden ), San Marino , Vatican City , Slovenian Istria ( Slovenia ), Istria County ( Croatia )
?????	Italy, Ticino and southern Graubunden , Slovenian Littoral , western Istria
?? ?????	Italians
???????? ???????????	69 million native speakers in the EU (c.2012) ; 90 million total speakers ; L2 speakers : 24 million
???? ????	?????-??????? Italic Romance Italo-Western Italo-Dalmatian Italian ; ; ; ; ;
???? ??????	Latin ( Italian alphabet ) ; Italian Braille
Signed forms	Italiano segnato "(Signed Italian)" ; italiano segnato esatto "(Signed Exact Italian)"
??? ???????
??? ????? ?? ?????	4 countries Italy ; San Marino ; Switzerland ; Vatican City ; ; 2 regions ; Slovenian Istria ( Slovenia ) ; Istria County ( Croatia ) ; Organisations ; European Union ; OSCE ; Sovereign Military Order of Malta
???????? ?????? ; ??????? ?? ?????	Bosnia and Herzegovina ; (de jure) Croatia ; Malta ; Monaco ; Romania ; (de jure) Slovenia
????? ???? ??????	Accademia della Crusca ( de facto )
???? ???
ISO 639-1	it
ISO 639-2	ita
ISO 639-3	ita
??????????	ital1282
???????????????	51-AAA-q
	Main language Former official language, now secondary Large Italian-speaking communities
	??? ???????? IPA ?????? ????? ?????? ??. ???? ???????? ???? ?????? ???, ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????????? ?????, ????, ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???. IPA ????? ?????? ?????????? ?????????????? ????, Help:IPA ?????.

"????? ?????" ????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??????-??????? ???? ????? ????????? ??????? (Romance language). ????? ?????, ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ? ???? ?? ?????????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??. ????? ?????, ??????????????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ?????(San Marino) ?? ????????? ? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???????????? (??????????? ?? ???????????) ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ??. ?? ????? ??????????, ???????, ??????, ????????????? (??????), ???????? (???????? ????? ?? ??????????) ?? ???? ? ??? ??????? ? ????? ??. ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????????? ????????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ????????? ?????? ??????????????? ??? ????. ???????? ?? ?????????????? ????? ??????? ????????? ? ????? ????? ??? ????. ????? ????? ?????????? ?? ??????????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ?????????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ??. ????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ???????????? ??? ????.
????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ???????? ????????? (the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe) ??? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????????? ??? ??? ????? (working language) ??. ????? ??, ??????? ?????? 67 ?? (?????? ????? ????????? 15%) ??????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????????? ?????? 13.4 ?? (3%) ??? ????. ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ( ?????????????? , ?????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????) ?? ????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? 85 ??. ?????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? (???? ?????) ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?????????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ??. ????? ?????????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?????, ??????? ????? ??? ????????. ?????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ??? ???? ??. ???? ?? ???? ?? ????????? ????? ?????? ??? ? ??? ????? ?????? ?. ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ???. ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ????????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ???. ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????????? ?, ???? ?????? ???????-??? ?????????????? ??????? ????????? ? ?????? ??? ????. ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????, ??????????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????????? ???. ?????????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???????????? ????? ???? ?????????????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ????. ??????? ???? ????????? ??????? ???? ???, ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????????????? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ???. ????? ??? ????????????? ?????? ????? ????????? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ???????? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??.

???????? [ ???????? ]

↑ "Eurobarometer ? Europeans and their languages" (PDF) . (485 KB) , February 2006
↑ Italian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
↑ "Centro documentazione per l'integrazione" . Cdila.it . ??????????? 2015-10-22 .
↑ "Centro documentazione per l'integrazione" . Cdila.it . ??????????? 2015-10-22 .
↑ http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/ebs/ebs_243_en.pdf
↑ Monaco IQ (English language) , referencing Chapter One of Files and Reports&InfoSujet=General Population Census 2008&6Gb|2008 census (gouv.mc not an English source) ???????? ?? ????? 27 ??????????? 2011 at the Wayback Machine
↑ Nordhoff, Sebastian; Hammarstrom, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Italian". Glottolog 2.2 . Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. {{ cite book }}: Invalid |display-editors=4 ( help ) ; Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored ( help )

Berloco, Fabrizio (2018). The Big Book of Italian Verbs: 900 Fully Conjugated Verbs in All Tenses. With IPA Transcription, 2nd Edition . Lengu. ISBN 978-8894034813 .
Serianni, Luca; Castelvecchi, Alberto (1997). Italiano. Grammatica, sintassi, dubbi . Milan: Garzanti.
Berruto, Gaetano (1987). Sociolinguistica dell'italiano contemporaneo . Roma: Carocci.

??? ????? ????? ????? ??????? . ???????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ??????????? ??? .

[europa2006-1] "Eurobarometer ? Europeans and their languages" (PDF) . (485 KB) , February 2006

[e18-2] Italian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)

[3] "Centro documentazione per l'integrazione" . Cdila.it . ??????????? 2015-10-22 .

[4] "Centro documentazione per l'integrazione" . Cdila.it . ??????????? 2015-10-22 .

[5] ttp://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/ebs/ebs_243_en.pdf

[6] Monaco IQ (English language) , referencing Chapter One of Files and Reports&InfoSujet=General Population Census 2008&6Gb|2008 census (gouv.mc not an English source) ???????? ?? ????? 27 ??????????? 2011 at the Wayback Machine

[Glottolog-7] Nordhoff, Sebastian; Hammarstrom, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Italian". Glottolog 2.2 . Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. {{ cite book }}: Invalid |display-editors=4 ( help ) ; Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored ( help )

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