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استمع لهذه المقالة
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????????? (???? ‎ [wi:ki:bi:dija:] ‏ ????? ‎ [wikipi:dia] ‏ ? ???? ??????????? ‎ /?w?ki?pi:di.?/ ‏ ) [15] ??????? ????? ?? ??????: ???? wiki ????? ???? ????? "???? ??????"? ??????? ????? pedia ????? ?? ???? ?????? encyclopedia? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ????????? ? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????? . ????????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????.

?? ???? 2009 ??? ?? ????????? 15 ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? 292 ???. ?? ??? 17 ????? ? 2009 : ???? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ?????. [16] ???? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? . ???? ????????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????. ????????? ?? ?????????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???: ???? ??????????? Wiki (??? ?? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????)? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ???? Encyclopedia ????? ???? ???????? ??????. ????? ????? ????????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? . ??? ????????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ??????. [17]

????? ?????? ????????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??? ?????? ????????? ??? ???????? ?? ??? ????????? ??????. [18] [19] ?? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ????????? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ????????. ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????????? ???? ??? ????????? ??????? ???? ????????. ??? ???????? ??? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ????????.

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??? ????? ????????? ?? 15 ????? 2001 ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????. ????? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ??? ?????????.

?????? ????? ??? 600 ??? ????? ??????????? ?2 ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ????? [15] ?????? ?????? ??? ????????? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ?????????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ????????? ???? ?? ???? 50 ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ????????? ????? [15] ??? ??????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ????? 2005? ???????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ???????.

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?? ????? ???????? Wikipedia.com ?Wikipedia.org ??? 12 ????? 2001? [24] ?13 ????? 2001? [25] ??? ???????? ?????? ????????? ?? 15 ????? ?????? 2001? [21] ??? ?? ????? ?????????? ????? ???? ?? www.Wikipedia.com? ????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ????????. ?? ????? ????? ????????? ?????? ?? "???? ??? ??????" ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???. ????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ????????? ???? ????? ?? ????????. ?? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????????? ???? ?? ??? ?????. [26]

???? ????????? ???????? ?? 17 ?????? 2001

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????? ?? ????? ?? ????????? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????????? ? ??? ??????? ????????? ????????? ??????? ?? ????????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ?? ?????? 2002. [28] ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ????????? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ???? ????????? ?? Wikipedia.com ??? Wikipedia.org . [29]

??? ????? ?? ?? ????????? ?????????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? 2009? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??? 2007. [30] ??? ????? ????? 1800 ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ?? ??? 2006 ? ????? ??? 2013 ??? ??? ??????? ????? 800. ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???????. ????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ??????? " ??????? ???????? " - ????????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? - ?? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ????. [31] [32] [33]

?? ?????? 2009? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ????????? ?????????? ???? 49000 ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? 2009? ?????????? ??? ??????? 4900 ???? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??? 2008. [34] [35] ??????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????????? ???????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???????. [36] ???? ???? ??? ????????? ?? ??? 2009? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????. [37] ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??? 2011? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? "???? ????? ?? 36000 ????" ?? ????? 2010 ??? 35800 ?? ????? 2011. ?? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???????? ??? "??????? ?????????". [38] ??? ???? ??? 2013 ?????? "The Decline of ?????????" ?? ?? ?? ?? ???????? ????? ??? ???????. ??? ?????? ??? ??? ??? 2007? ???? ????????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ????????. [39] ?? ????? 2012? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????. [40] ?? ??? 25 ?????? 2013 ?? ???? ??????? ? ???? ?????? ???? ?? "?????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ???? ??????". [41]

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????? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? 2019. ???? ?????? ?????? 10000 ?????. ??? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?? 10000 ????? ????? ????. ??? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?????.

?? ????? ?????? (?????) 2007? ???? ????????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? . ?? 42.9 ????? ????? ????? ????????? ??????? 9? ??????? ??????? ????? (??? 10) ???? (??? 11). ???? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? 2006? ????? ???? ??????? ??? 33? ?? ????????? ???? ???? ????? 18.3 ????? ????. [42] ???????? ?? ???? 2020 ? ????????? ???? ??????? 13 ??? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? . ?? ??? 2014? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???. [43] ?? 9 ?????? 2014? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ????????? ????? 18 ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? 500 ????? ???? ???? ?????? "????? ????? ??????? comScore". [44] ????? ??????? ????? ??? ????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ????????? ????????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? "??????? ?????? ". [45] [46]

?????? ????????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ???????? ?? 18 ????? 2012

?? 18 ????? 2012? ????? ????????? ?????????? ?? ????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? - ????? ??? ??????? ??? ???????? (SOPA) ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? (PIPA) - ???? ??????? ???? 24 ????? . [47]  ???? ???? ?? 162 ????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ????????? ??????. [48] [49]

?? 20 ????? ?????? (?????) 2014? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??? ????????? ????? ?? "??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????. ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? 2012 ??????? 2013. ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????: ?????? ??????? ????? ????????? ?????????? ????? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????? 17 ??????? ????? ?????? ????????? ???? ???????." [50] ???? ????? ??? "????? ????? ????? ????????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? Google ??? ????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????????." [50] ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??????? "??? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??? [??????]. [50] ????? ????? ?????? 2016? ????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ??????. [51]

?? ????? 2013? ???? ????????? 274301 ? ????? ? ??? ??? ?????????? ?? ?????? 2014? ?? ????? ????????? ???? ????????? ???????? ? ??? ????? 2015? ???? 106 ?? 7473 700 ?????? ?? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? . ?? ??? 2019? ?? ????? ??? ?? ???????? ??????? ????? ????????? . [52] ?? ????? 2019? ????? ????? ???? ????????? ??? ??? ????? ? ??????? ? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ???????? [53] [54] ?? ????? 2019? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ??? 16 ?? ????? ???????? ?? ?? ??????? ?? ????????? ?????????? ?? DNA ??????? . [55]

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??? ??? ????????? ?????????? ???? ????????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ???????. ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????? - ???? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?????????. ???? ??? ????????? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ?????. ?????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ????????? ???????????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ?????.

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????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ????? ??? ?????????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ???????. ??? ???? ??????? ?? ????????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ??? ????? ???? ????. [56] ??? ????????? ??????????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ??. [57] [58] ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????. [59] ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ????????? ??? ?? ????? ???????. [60]

?? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???????? ?????? ???? ????????? ???????? ??? ???? ?????. ??? ???? ??????? ????? ????????? ????????? "???? ?????" ?? ????????? [61] ???? ?????? ??????? ?????. ??? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ???? ????????? ?????????? ???? "????????? ???????" ?? ?????? 2012. [62] ?? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ???? ???????? ??? ??? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????????? ????????? ??? ?????. [63]

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?? 2003? ??????? ?? ????????. ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? "?????? ????????" ??? "??????? ????????". [65]

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?? ????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????. ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ????????.

?? ????? ???? ??? ???????? ? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ????????? ??? ???????? ?? ???? 2005. ?? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ? . ?????? . ??? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ????. ??? ????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????????? ? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ????????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ????????? ???????. ?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???????. [66] [67] ??? ???????? ??? ???????? ????????? ????? "???? ??? ????? ???? ??????". ??? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????. [68]

?? ??? 2010? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ???.0 ? ??? ????? ???? ????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????. ?? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ????????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ???????. [69] [70]

???? ???????

?????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? . [71] [72] ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?????. [73] ?? ?????? ??? ???????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??????? [74] ????? ??? ?????? [75] ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??? ??????? ? [76] ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ????????? .

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?? ??????

????? ?????? ???? ????????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ??? ??????. ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ???????? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????????? [note 2] ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? "??? ???????".

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?? ??? ????? ????????? ???? ?????? ???????? ? [86] ??? ????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????. [87] ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ? ??? ??? " ?????? ???????? ". [88]

??????? ?? ????? ???????????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????. ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ????????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????. [89]

?? ????? ????????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ????? ???????. ?? ??? ?????????? "?? ???? ??????????" ???? ??? ??????? ????????? ??? ???????. [90] ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? "??????? ... ?????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????????? "???? ????? ?????? ?? ????????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???????". [91] ?? ??? 2008? ???? ????? ?? ???? Slate ??: "????? ???????? ?? Palo Alto? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ??????". [92] ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ????????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??????? (???? ???? ??????) ???? ???? ??? ?????????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??????. [93]

??????

???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? 2007 ?? "????????? ????????? ???? ????????? ?? ????????? [...] ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ????????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????". [94] ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? 2009 ??? "[???] ???? ?? ???? ?? 50% ?? ???? ????????? ??? ?? ???.7% ??? ?? ??????????... 524 ????. . . ??? ???????? ??? ???? 2% ??????? ?? 1400 ???? ????? ?? 73.4% ?? ???? ?????????. " [91] ??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?? ??? 2009 ??? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ????????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ????????? (???? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??????) ?????? "??????????????"? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? "?????????". [91]

???? ????? ????? ?? ??? 2008 ?? ???? ?????????? ????? ??? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?? ???????? [95] [96] ??? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???????? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ?????????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????. [97] ????? ?????? ????? ??? 2009? ???? "???? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ????????? ??????? ??????". [98]

????

????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ????????? ?? ????????? ?? ?? ??????. ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ????????? ?? ??? 2008 ????? ?? 13 ?? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ????????? ????? ?? ??????. [99] ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ?????????. ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ????????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????????. [100] ??? ????? ??? ? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ????????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????? "????? ???? ?????". [101] ????? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?????????. [102]

??????? ??????

??????? ???????: ????? ????????????



????? 63?047?567 ???????? ???????? ????? ?????? (???????? ?? ???? 28? 2024) [103]

    English (10.8%)
    Cebuano (9.7%)
    German (4.6%)
    French (4.1%)
    Swedish (4.1%)
    Dutch (3.4%)
    Russian (3.1%)
    Spanish (3.1%)
    Italian (3%)
    Egyptian Arabic (2.6%)
    Polish (2.6%)
    Chinese (2.3%)
    Japanese (2.2%)
    Ukrainian (2.1%)
    Vietnamese (2.1%)
   ???? (40.2%)

???? ?????? 313 ????? ??? ?? ?????????. ???????? ?? ????? ?????? (?????) 2021? ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????????? ?? ????????? English ? ?Cebuano ? ?German ? ?French ? ?Swedish ? ?Dutch . ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ????????? ??? ??? Lsjbot ???? ???? ????????? ????? ???? ???????? ?? ??? 2013 ????? ??? ???????? ?? ????????? ????????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????????? ? ????????? ????? ?????. ??? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? .

???????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ????????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???? ( ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????? ???????? ??????????? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ??????????? )? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? 500,000 ????? ( ???????? ??????????? ???????? ???????????? ?????????? ???????? )? ??? 43 ????? ???? ?? 100,000? ? 82 ????? ????? ???? ?? 10000. ??????? ????????? ??????????? ????? ???? ?? 6.2 ????? ????. ???????? ?? ????? 2019? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? (en.wikipedia.org ? ????????? ??????????) ?? ???? ?? 57% ?? ???? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? (???????: 9%? ???????: 6%? ?????????: 6%? ?????????: 5%).

?????? ??????????

???? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???? 2006

?????? ????????? ??? ?????? ????????? ? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???????? . ???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ?? . ???? ??? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ??? ??????? ? ?????????? . ?????? ??? ???????? ?? ????????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??????.

???? ????? ????????? ????? ???/????? . 300 ???? ?? ??????? ? 26 ?? ???????? ? ? 23 ?? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ???? .

????? ????? ????????? ?? 20,000 ??? 45,000 ??? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??????.

??????? ??????

????? ????????? ????? "????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ????". [104] ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? 2009 ???? ????????? ???? ????? ?? 260 ??? . ????????? ??27 ?????? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?? 100,000 ?????? ????174 ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?? 1000 ?????. [1] ???? ???? ?301 ??? ???? 291 ??? ????.

??? ???? ????????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????????? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? (??? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????????????? ???? ??????????? ?????????? ????????)? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ???????? [105] ?? ?? ????? ?????. ????? ???? ????????? ?????????? 57% ?? ????? ???? ????????? 16% ?????????? ????????? ? 4% ?????????? ????????? ? ???? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ? ??? ????????? ??????? ?????? 1% ?? ???? ?????????. [106]

???? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ????????? (????: ?????????:????? ?????? ??????? ). ???????? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????. ????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ????????? ????? .

????????

??????? ???????: ???????? ?? ?????????

???? ?? ?????????? ???? ???? ??????????? ??? ??????:

??????????

???? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????????? ???? ??? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????.

?????: ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ? ??? ??? ?? ???????? ?????????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ????????? ????????? ????? ?? ?????????.

???? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ???????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????.

??? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ????????? ???? ??? ????? ????????.

?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????????.

?????????

?? ???? ?? ????????? ????? ?????????? ????? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????????. [107] ???? ????? ??????? ????????? ????? ??? ????????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ?????????. ??? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ???????? ????????. [108] [109]

??? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ?? ???????? ??? ???????. ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????. ??? ????????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ????????? ??????????.

??????

  • ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ????????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ????? ????????? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????. ????? ????????? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????????? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????. ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ????????? ??????????.
  • ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ????????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????.
  • ???? ???? ??????????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?????????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??????? . ???? ????? ??????????? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?????????? ???? ??? ???? ??????????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? .

????????? ??????? ??? ?????????

????? ????????? ???? ?????? ????????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ????????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ???? ????????? ?? ????? ????????? ??? ?????????

???????

  • ?? ????? ??? 2017 ????? ?? ???? ??????????? ???? ??? ???? ????????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? [110] [111]

????????

?? ??? 2016 ?? ????? ????????? ?????????  ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? "??? ??????" ?? ??? ????????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????????. ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ????????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ?????????. ???? ??? ?????? ?? ?????????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????????.

??????

?? ????? ???2005 ???? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? 40 ?????  ????? ?? ??????????? ?????????? ????  ?????? ????????? ? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ?? ??  ??????????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ????? 162 ????? ??? ???? ?? ????????? ?123 ????? ??? ???? ??  ?????????. ????  ?????? ?????  ???? ?Vice ????? ?? ??? 2017 ?? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????? ???? ????. ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ?????????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ???????.

?????? ?????

?????? ????????? ???????

???????? ??? ????????? ????? ????? ????????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ????????? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? 2002 ? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??????????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ????????. ????????? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ?????. [115] ???? ?????? ????????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????.

?????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ????????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ????????? ?????? ??????? ? ??????? ?????? .

??? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ????????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? . [116]

?????

?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ????????? ???? " ??????? ????????: ??? ????????? " Truth in Numbers: The ????????? Story) ??? ?? ????? ????????? 2010. ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??????. ??? ?????? ????? ????????? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????. [117]

???? ????

????? ??? ??? ??????? ( 11 ????? )
noicon
أيقونة مقالة مسموعة
??? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? 31 ???? 2009  ( 2009-03-31 ) ? ??? ???? ????????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ???????.
( ?????? ???????  · ?????? ?????? ???? )

???????

  1. ^ Revisions with libelous content, criminal threats, or copyright infringements may be removed completely .
  2. ^ See for example the Biographies of Living Persons Noticeboard or Neutral Point of View Noticeboard , created to address content falling under their respective areas.

?????

  1. ^ ? ? ????? ??????? ???????????
  2. ^ ? ? ???? ????: http://whois.domaintools.com/wikipedia.org .
  3. ^ " Democracy Dies in Darkness " . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-10-31.
  4. ^ ???? ????: https://nl.wikimedia.org/wiki/Erasmusprijs_2015 . ??????: 19 ?????? 2019.
  5. ^ ???? ????: http://www.fpa.es/en/communication/wikipedia-princess-of-asturias-award-for-international-cooperation.html?idCategoria=14&especifica=0 . ???? ???????: https://web.archive.org/web/20201226125503/https://www.fpa.es/en/communication/wikipedia-princess-of-asturias-award-for-international-cooperation.html?idCategoria=14&especifica=0 . ????? ???????: 26 ?????? 2020.
  6. ^ ???? ????: http://www.fsf.org/awards/sb-award .
  7. ^ " ????????? ????-???? " (????? ??????) . Retrieved 2020-11-04 .
  8. ^ ???? ????: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias . ???? ???????: https://web.archive.org/web/20181224190350/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias . ????? ???????: 24 ?????? 2018.
  9. ^ ???? ????: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias .
  10. ^ ??????: 16 ????? 2021 . ???? ????: https://web.archive.org/web/20101001013118/http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias .
  11. ^ "?????? ??????" (???????????) . Retrieved 2020-11-04 .
  12. ^ ???? ????: http://www.dmagazine.com/frontburner/2016/05/the-business-of-wikipedia-how-jimmy-wales-built-the-free-encyclopedia/ . ???? ???????: https://web.archive.org/web/20201226125458/https://www.dmagazine.com/frontburner/2016/05/the-business-of-wikipedia-how-jimmy-wales-built-the-free-encyclopedia/ . ????? ???????: 26 ?????? 2020.
  13. ^ ???? ????: http://www.utsandiego.com/uniontrib/20041206/news_mz1b6encyclo.html . ???? ???????: https://web.archive.org/web/20121004092019/http://www.utsandiego.com/uniontrib/20041206/news_mz1b6encyclo.html . ????? ???????: 4 ?????? 2012.
  14. ^ ???? ????: http://www.utsandiego.com/uniontrib/20041206/news_mz1b6encyclo.html .
  15. ^ ? ? ? "??? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-03-26.
  16. ^ ????? ?????? ????????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? 01 ?????? 2014 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  17. ^ ??????? ????????? ?? ?????????? - ????? ?????? 8-5 2008 ???? ?????? 11 ?????? 2011 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  18. ^ ???????? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ????????? ?????????? ?? ?? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? 04 ?????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  19. ^ ????????? ?"?? ?? ???" ?????? ?????? ????????? ???? ?????? 21 ????? 2007 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  20. ^ "The contribution conundrum: Why did Wikipedia succeed while other encyclopedias failed?" . Nieman Lab . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-02-10 . ???? ???? ?????? 2016-06-05 .
  21. ^ ? ? Kock, N., Jung, Y., & Syn, T. (2016). Wikipedia and e-Collaboration Research: Opportunities and Challenges. (PDF) ???? ?????? September 27, 2016, ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? . International Journal of e-Collaboration (IJeC), 12(2), 1?8.
  22. ^ "Wikipedia-l: LinkBacks?" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-06-06 . ???? ???? ?????? 2007-02-20 .
  23. ^ Sanger? Larry (10 ????? 2001). "Let's Make a Wiki" . Internet Archive. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2003-04-14 . ???? ???? ?????? 2008-12-26 .
  24. ^ "WHOIS domain registration information results for wikipedia.com from Network Solutions" . 27 ?????? 2007. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2007-09-27 . ???? ???? ?????? 2018-08-31 .
  25. ^ "WHOIS domain registration information results for wikipedia.org from Network Solutions" . 27 ?????? 2007. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2007-09-27 . ???? ???? ?????? 2018-08-31 .
  26. ^ Finkelstein, Seth (25 ?????? 2008). "Read me first: Wikipedia isn't about human potential, whatever Wales says" . ????????? . London. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-04-10.
  27. ^ "Multilingual statistics" . Wikipedia . 30 ???? 2005. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-10-03 . ???? ???? ?????? 2008-12-26 .
  28. ^ "[long] Enciclopedia Libre: msg#00008" . Osdir . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2008-10-06 . ???? ???? ?????? 2008-12-26 .
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  32. ^ Cohen? Noam (28 ???? 2009). "Wikipedia ? Exploring Fact City" . The New York Times . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-10-03 . ???? ???? ?????? 2011-04-19 .
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  34. ^ Jenny Kleeman (26 ?????? 2009). "Wikipedia falling victim to a war of words" . The Guardian . London. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-05-18 . ???? ???? ?????? 2010-03-31 .
  35. ^ "Wikipedia: A quantitative analysis" . ????? ?? ????? (PDF) ?? 2012-04-03. {{ ??????? ?????? ????? }} : ????????? ?????? ????? ???? |????? ?????= ( ?????? )
  36. ^ Volunteers Log Off as Wikipedia Ages, The Wall Street Journal, November 27, 2009.
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  38. ^ Kevin Rawlinson (8 ????? 2011). "Wikipedia seeks women to balance its 'geeky' editors" . The Independent . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-03-25 . ???? ???? ?????? 2012-04-05 .
  39. ^ Simonite? Tom (22 ?????? 2013). "The Decline of Wikipedia" . ?? ?? ?? ???????? ????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-02-10 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-11-30 .
  40. ^ "3 Charts That Show How Wikipedia Is Running Out of Admins" . The Atlantic . 16 ????? 2012. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-06-03.
  41. ^ Ward, Katherine. New York Magazine, issue of November 25, 2013, p. 18.
  42. ^ "Wikipedia Breaks Into US Top 10 Sites" . PCWorld . 17 ?????? 2007. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-02-10.
  43. ^ "Wikimedia Traffic Analysis Report ? Wikipedia Page Views Per Country" . Wikimedia Foundation. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-03-31 . ???? ???? ?????? 2015-03-08 .
  44. ^ Cohen? Noam (9 ?????? 2014). "Wikipedia vs. the Small Screen" . The New York Times . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-10-03.
  45. ^ Jeff Loveland and Joseph Reagle (15 ????? 2013). "Wikipedia and encyclopedic production". New Media & Society . ?. 15 ?. 8: 1294. DOI : 10.1177/1461444812470428 .
  46. ^ Rebecca J. Rosen (30 ????? 2013). "What If the Great Wikipedia 'Revolution' Was Actually a Reversion? ? The Atlantic" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-04-12 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-02-09 .
  47. ^ Netburn? Deborah (19 ????? 2012). "Wikipedia: SOPA protest led eight million to look up reps in Congress" . Los Angeles Times . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-02-10 . ???? ???? ?????? 2012-03-06 .
  48. ^ "Wikipedia joins blackout protest at US anti-piracy moves" . BBC News . 18 ????? 2012. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-05-30 . ???? ???? ?????? 2012-01-19 .
  49. ^ "SOPA/Blackoutpage" . Wikimedia Foundation. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-06-22 . ???? ???? ?????? 2012-01-19 .
  50. ^ ? ? ? Varma? Subodh (20 ????? 2014). "Google eating into Wikipedia page views?" . The Economic Times . Times Internet Limited . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-02-10 . ???? ???? ?????? 2014-02-10 .
  51. ^ "Alexa Top 500 Global Sites" . ?????? ?????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-03-08 . ???? ???? ?????? 2016-12-28 .
  52. ^ Watson? J.M. (2019). "Lest we forget. A new identity and status for a Viola of section Andinium W. Becker; named for an old and treasured friend and companion. Plus another ..." (PDF) . International Rock Gardener ?. 117: 47?. ????? ?? ????? (PDF) ?? 2019-10-01 . ???? ???? ?????? 2019-10-06 .
  53. ^ Oberhaus? Daniel (5 ????? 2019). "A Crashed Israeli Lunar Lander Spilled Tardigrades On The Moon" . Wired . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-05-22 . ???? ???? ?????? 2019-08-06 .
  54. ^ Resnick? Brian (6 ????? 2019). "Tardigrades, the toughest animals on Earth, have crash-landed on the moon ? The tardigrade conquest of the solar system has begun" . Vox . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-02-10 . ???? ???? ?????? 2019-08-06 .
  55. ^ Shankland? Stephen (29 ????? 2019). "Startup packs all 16GB of Wikipedia onto DNA strands to demonstrate new storage tech ? Biological molecules will last a lot longer than the latest computer storage technology, Catalog believes" . ?? ?? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-03-22 . ???? ???? ?????? 2019-08-07 .
  56. ^ ????:Srlink
  57. ^ ????:Srlink
  58. ^ Hafner? Katie (17 ????? 2006). "Growing Wikipedia Refines Its 'Anyone Can Edit' Policy" . The New York Times . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-10-03 . ???? ???? ?????? 2016-12-05 .
  59. ^ English Wikipedia's protection policy
  60. ^ ????:Srlink
  61. ^ ? ? (Mailing list). {{ ??????? ?????? ?????? }} : ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |????= ??? ????? ?? ???? ( ?????? )
  62. ^ William Henderson (10 ?????? 2012). "Wikipedia Has Figured Out A New Way To Stop Vandals In Their Tracks" . Business Insider . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-03-19.
  63. ^ Frewin? Jonathan (15 ????? 2010). "Wikipedia unlocks divisive pages for editing" . BBC News . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-03-25 . ???? ???? ?????? 2014-08-21 .
  64. ^ ?????????:New pages patrol
  65. ^ Andrea Ciffolilli, "Phantom authority, self-selective recruitment, and retention of members in virtual communities: The case of Wikipedia" ???? ?????? December 6, 2016, ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ., First Monday December 2003.
  66. ^ Friedman? Thomas L. (2007). The World is Flat . ????? ??????? ???????     [???? ????] ‏. ?.  124 . ISBN : 978-0-374-29278-2 . {{ ??????? ????? }} : ????? ?????????: ?????? ????? ????? ( link )
  67. ^ Buchanan? Brian (17 ?????? 2006). "Founder shares cautionary tale of libel in cyberspace" . archive.firstamendmentcenter.org. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2012-12-21 . ???? ???? ?????? 2012-11-17 .
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