Libyan Civil War
|
---|
Part of the
Arab Spring
and
Libyan Crisis (2011?present)
|
From left to right: Armed pro-government supporters; Pro-government protesters gathered in Green Square, now known as Martyrs' Square; anti-Government protesters in Benghazi; Libyan rebels on a captured T-55 tank.
|
Date
| 15 February ? 23 October 2011
(8 months, 1 week and 1 day)
|
---|
Location
| |
---|
Result
|
Rebel victory
|
---|
|
Belligerents
|
---|
National Transitional Council
Qatar
[3]
[4]
[5]
Enforcing
UNSC Resolution 1973
:
Minor border clashes
:
Tunisia
|
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
|
Commanders and leaders
|
---|
Mustafa Abdul Jalil
[18]
Omar El-Hariri
[19]
Jalal al-Digheily
Abdul Fatah Younis
†
Suleiman Mahmoud
[20]
Hamad bin Ali Al Attiyah
J.C.C Bouchard
[21]
|
Muammar Gaddafi
†
Saif al-Islam Gaddafi
(
POW
)
Khamis Gaddafi
†
Mutassim Gaddafi
†
Saif al-Arab Gaddafi
†
[22]
Al-Saadi Gaddafi
(
POW
)
Abu-Bakr Yunis Jabr
†
Massoud Abdelhafid
Mahdi al-Arabi
(
POW
)
|
Strength
|
---|
17,000 defecting soldiers and volunteers,
[23]
[
not in the source given
]
200,000 volunteers by war's end
(NTC estimate)
[24]
International Forces: Numerous air and maritime forces (
see here
)
|
20,000
[25]
?40,000
[26]
soldiers and militia
|
Casualties and losses
|
---|
5,904?6,626 opposition fighters and supporters killed (other estimates: see
here
)
|
3,309?4,227 soldiers killed (other estimates: see
here
),
7,000 captured*
[27]
|
Estimated total casualties from all sides, including civilians:
9,400?20,000 killed, 4,000 missing, 50,000 injured
[28]
(other estimates: see
here
)
|
*
Large number of loyalist or immigrant civilians, not military personnel, among those captured by rebels,
[29]
only an estimated minimum of 1,692+ confirmed as soldiers
[30]
|
The
Libyan Civil War
is a
civil war
in
Libya
that began in the year
2011
. It began in the middle of February 2011. Many Libyans were inspired by the uprisings in neighbouring countries, such as
Tunisia
and
Egypt
. They violently protested against the government.
[31]
Colonel
Muammar Gaddafi
sent troops and tanks to break up the rebellion.
Al-Qaeda
started bombing,
[32]
and rebels began forming their own
government
.
[33]
The war led to the death of Gaddafi in October, and of thousands of other people.
Beginning of Conflict Against Gaddafi
[
change
|
change source
]
The conflict began with series of
demonstrations
and
riots
. There were many small protests of about 300-500 people throughout January. Major protests did not begin until 14 February 2011. The demonstrations were protesting against the Government of Libya and its leader
Muammar al-Gaddafi
. The conflict grew as thousands of people joined the protests. Gaddafi vowed to hunt them down and "clean Libya house by house" until all rebels are gone. However, some of Gaddafi's soldiers began joining the rebels in protest. The protests are thought to have been inspired by the successful
uprising
in
Tunisia
and
Egypt
.
According to NBC News Chief Foreign Correspondent, Richard Engel, who entered Libya and had reached the city of
Tobruk
on 22 February 2011 was quoted as saying, "the protest movement is no longer a protest movement, it's a war. It's open revolt." and on 22 February,
The Economist
described the protests as an "uprising that is trying to reclaim Libya from the world's longest-ruling
autocrat
". On 21 February, the Libyan Air Force aircraft attacked civilian protesters in
Tripoli
which caused international condemnation. By this time, over 300 to 2,000 were dead and over 5,000 were injured.
There were small battles until February 24, when Gaddafi sent tanks and troops into
Misrata
and attacked. Then, on March 6, launched a counter-offensive against Rebels. This lasted until 12 March. He regained
Ra's Lanuf
and
Brega
. The Rebels gained power when
NATO
and other countries began
bombarding
Gaddafi's forces with
attack aircraft
.
The Rebels' launched a counter-offensive on March 27 that lasted until April 1. The Rebels regained a few cities.
The Battle of
Misrata
was the fiercest
battle
in the civil war. The
Hamza Brigade
fought for Gaddafi against the Rebels from 24 February to 12 March. The
Khamis Brigade
, run by Gaddafi's son Khamis, rolled in and nearly destroyed the entire city. The rebels won the battle and took control of the city.
The rebels also won in Benghazi and other places. They took Tripoli in August. In October the fighting diminished, and the rebels declared victory. His enemies killed Gaddafi on 20 October 2011.
- ↑
1.0
1.1
Dagher, Sam (21 June 2011).
"Libya City Torn by Tribal Feud"
.
The Wall Street Journal
. Retrieved
26 July
2011
.
- ↑
2.0
2.1
Von Rohr, Mathieu (26 July 2011).
"Tribal Rivalries Complicate Libyan War"
.
Der Spiegel
. Retrieved
26 July
2011
.
- ↑
3.0
3.1
"NTC asks NATO to extend Libya presence"
. Al Jazeera. 26 October 2011
. Retrieved
26 October
2011
.
- ↑
4.0
4.1
"Libya's Mustafa Abdul Jalil asks Nato to stay longer"
.
BBC
. 26 October 2011
. Retrieved
4 November
2011
.
- ↑
5.0
5.1
Black, Ian (26 October 2011).
"Qatar admits sending hundreds of troops to support Libya rebels"
.
The Guardian
. London
. Retrieved
20 November
2011
.
- ↑
"Last Libyan Mission for Norway's F16S To Fly Tomorrow"
.
Agenzia Giornalistica Italia
. 29 July 2011. Archived from
the original
on 23 November 2012
. Retrieved
11 August
2011
.
- ↑
"Jordanian Fighters Protecting Aid Mission"
.
The Jordan Times
. 6 April 2011
. Retrieved
6 April
2011
.
- ↑
"UAE Updates Support to UN Resolution 1973"
.
Emirates News Agency
. 25 March 2011
. Retrieved
26 March
2011
.
- ↑
"Libya's Tribal Politics Key to Gaddafi's Fate"
.
Stabroek News
. London. Reuters. 23 February 2011
. Retrieved
26 July
2011
.
- ↑
"Is Libya's Gaddafi Turning to Foreign Mercenaries?"
. Reuters Africa. 24 February 2011. Archived from
the original
on 30 November 2011
. Retrieved
6 June
2011
.
- ↑
"Mali fears as Tuaregs return from Libya"
.
News24
. Cape Town, South Africa. 16 October 2011. Archived from
the original
on 13 September 2018
. Retrieved
5 November
2011
.
- ↑
Захар РАДОВ - Сайт ≪Комсомольской правды≫ (1 March 2011).
"В Ливии на стороне правительства воюет немало зимбабвийцев"
.
KP.BY - сайт ≪Комсомольской правды≫
.
- ↑
"Летало ли белорусское оружие в Ливию и Кот-д'Ивуар?"
. Archived from
the original
on 2018-11-30
. Retrieved
2018-08-13
.
- ↑
Комсомольская правда - Сайт ≪Комсомольской правды≫ (6 April 2011).
"На стороне Каддафи воюют белорусские партизаны"
.
KP.BY - сайт ≪Комсомольской правды≫
.
- ↑
"Белорусские военные позволяют армии Каддафи противостоять НАТО"
. Archived from
the original
on 2011-08-11
. Retrieved
2018-08-13
.
- ↑
カジペディア運?事務局 (12 September 2018).
"ラスベガスのおすすめカジノホテル大特集!【2019年版】 | カジペディア"
.
カジペディア
. Archived from
the original
on 3 February 2019
. Retrieved
14 February
2019
.
- ↑
Сирия шлет Каддафи оружие и боеприпасы
// ИА Росбалт, 14/03/2011
- ↑
"Middle East Unrest"
.
Reuters
. Archived from
the original
on 22 August 2019
. Retrieved
6 June
2011
.
- ↑
"Libya's Opposition Leadership Comes into Focus"
.
Stratfor
(via
Business Insider
)
. 8 March 2011
. Retrieved
26 March
2011
.
- ↑
"The Colonel Fights Back"
.
The Economist
. 10 March 2011
. Retrieved
26 March
2011
.
- ↑
"Canadian To Lead NATO's Libya Mission"
.
CBC News
. 25 March 2011
. Retrieved
26 March
2011
.
- ↑
"Nato strike 'kills Gaddafi's youngest son'
"
. Al Jazeera. 30 April 2011
. Retrieved
28 October
2011
.
- ↑
"Feature Report ? Long summer of civil war in Libya"
.
Defence News
. Archived from
the original
on 20 August 2006
. Retrieved
28 October
2011
.
- ↑
"Jordan begins Libya police training programme"
.
BBC
. 25 April 2012
. Retrieved
3 May
2012
.
- ↑
"Gadhafi Asks Obama To Call Off NATO Military Campaign"
.
CTV News
. 6 April 2011. Archived from
the original
on 8 April 2011
. Retrieved
14 August
2011
.
- ↑
"Libya: How the Opposing Sides Are Armed"
. BBC News. 10 March 2011
. Retrieved
14 August
2011
.
- ↑
Sheridan, Mary Beth (22 October 2011).
"Prisoners in Libya languish without charge"
.
The Washington Post
. Misrata. Archived from
the original
on 23 October 2011
. Retrieved
25 January
2012
.
- ↑
"Libyan estimate: At least 30,000 died in the war"
.
Arab Times
. Tripoli. Associated Press. 8 September 2011. Archived from
the original
on 15 June 2012
. Retrieved
27 January
2012
.
- ↑
"Libyan Rebels Accused of Arbitrary Arrests, Torture"
. CNN. 5 June 2011.
- ↑
300 prisoners in Benghazi,
"Libyan rebels capture part of Brega, push north - World news - Europe - MSNBC.com"
. Archived from
the original
on 12 August 2011
. Retrieved
31 July
2011
.
230 prisoners in Misrata,
[1]
52 prisoners in Nalut,
[2]
13 prisoners in Yafran,
[3]
50 prisoners in al-Galaa,
[4]
[
permanent dead link
]
147 prisoners in Zintan,
[5]
600 prisoners in Tripoli,
"400 dead, 2,000 wounded in battle for Tripoli: Rebel leader | News Hours BD English"
. Archived from
the original
on 30 March 2012
. Retrieved
9 October
2011
.
150 prisoners in Sabha,
[6]
150
prisoners in Sirte
minimum of 1,692 reported captured
- ↑
"There Was No Libyan Peaceful Protest, : Information Clearing House: ICH"
.
www.informationclearinghouse.info
. Archived from
the original
on 2012-06-28
. Retrieved
2012-06-19
.
- ↑
Tuesday; October 2011, 11; Thomas, 4:38 pm Article: Frances.
"UN silent despite no basis for NATO's illegal war on Libya - Scoop News"
.
www.scoop.co.nz
.
CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
link
)
- ↑
Swami, Praveen (25 March 2011).
"Libyan rebel commander admits his fighters have al-Qaeda links"
– via www.telegraph.co.uk.