Gerakan Basmachi

Gerakan Basmachi ( bahasa Rusia : Басмачество , Basmachestvo ) atau Pemberontakan Basmachi adalah sebuah kebangkitan melawan Kekaisaran Rusia dan Uni Soviet oleh suku bangsa Muslim di Asia Tengah . Asal usul gerakan tersebut bermula pada pemberontakan Asia Tengah 1916 yang timbul saat Kekaisaran Rusia mulai memberikan wajib militer kepada umat Muslim pada Perang Dunia I . ^[1]

Referensi [ sunting | sunting sumber ]

^ Victor Spolnikov, "Impact of Afghanistan's War on the Former Soviet Republics of Central Asia," in Hafeez Malik, ed, Central Asia: Its Strategic Importance and Future Prospects (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1994), 101.

Daftar pustaka [ sunting | sunting sumber ]

Baberowski, Jorg; Doering-Manteuffel, Anselm (2009). Geyer, Michael; Fitzpatrick, Sheila, ed. Beyond Totalitarianism: Stalinism and Nazism compared . Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-89796-9 .

Bacaan tambahan [ sunting | sunting sumber ]

Marie Broxup : The Basmachi. Central Asian Survey , Vol. 2 (1983), No. 1, pp. 57?81.
Marco Buttino: "Ethnicite et politique dans la guerre civile: a propos du 'basma?estvo' au Fergana", 'Cahiers du monde russe et sovietique , Vol. 38, No. 1?2, (1997)
Sir Olaf Caroe : Soviet Empire: The Turks of Central Asia and Stalinism 2nd ed., London, Macmillan (1967) ISBN 0-312-74795-0
Joseph Castagne . Les Basmatchis: le mouvement national des indigenes d'Asie Centrale depuis la Revolution d'octobre 1917 jusqu'en octobre 1924. Paris: Editions E. Leroux, 1925.
Mustafa Chokay : "The Basmachi Movement in Turkestan", The Asiatic Review Vol.XXIV (1928)
Павел Густерин. История Ибрагим-бека. Басмачество одного курбаши с его слов. ? Саарбрюккен: LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, 2014. ? 60 с. ? ISBN 978-3-659-13813-3 .
Б. В. Лунин: Басмачество Tashkent (1984)
Glenda Fraser: "Basmachi (parts I and II)", Central Asian Survey , Vol. 6 (1987), No. 1, pp. 1?73, and No.2, pp. 7?42.
Baymirza Hayit : Basmatschi. Nationaler Kampf Turkestans in den Jahren 1917 bis 1934. Koln , Dreisam-Verlag (1993)
M. Holdsworth: "Soviet Central Asia, 1917?1940", Soviet Studies , Vol. 3 (1952), No. 3, pp. 258?277.
Alexander Marshall: "Turkfront: Frunze and the Development of Soviet Counter-insurgency in Central Asia" in Tom Everett-Heath (Ed.) "Central Asia. Aspects of Transition", RoutledgeCurzon, London, 2003; ISBN 0-7007-0956-8 (cloth) ISBN 0-7007-0957-6 (pbk.)
Яков Нальский: В горах Восточной Бухары. (Повесть по воспоминаниям сотрудников КГБ) Dushanbe (1984)
Martha B. Olcott: "The Basmachi or Freemen's Revolt in Turkestan 1918-24", Soviet Studies , Vol. 33 (1981), No. 3, pp. 352?369.
Hasan B. Paksoy, "BASMACHI": Turkish National Liberation Movement 1916?1930s, Diarsipkan 2017-02-01 di Wayback Machine . Modern Encyclopedia of Religions in Russia and the Soviet Union (FL: Academic International Press) 1991, Vol. 4, pp. 5?20.
Zeki Velidi Togan, [1] Diarsipkan 2021-08-16 di Wayback Machine . Memoirs.
Fazal-ur-Rahim Khan Marwat: The Basmachi movement in Soviet Central Asia: A study in political development. , Peshawar, Emjay Books International (1985)
Prof. Zeki Velidi Togan, Memoirs: National Existence and Cultural Struggles of Turkistan and Other Muslim Eastern Turks (2011) Full Text translation form the 1969 original. Translated by Paksoy. [2]
Х. Турсунов: Восстание 1916 Года в Средней Азии и Казахстане. Tashkent (1962)

[1] Victor Spolnikov, "Impact of Afghanistan's War on the Former Soviet Republics of Central Asia," in Hafeez Malik, ed, Central Asia: Its Strategic Importance and Future Prospects (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1994), 101.

[1]