????? ????? ????????

???????
???????	7 ????? 1948
??????	?????? ??????? ???????? (2017 ? )
????????	7?000 (2014)
????	Office international d'hygiene publique (en)
???????	????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? (2009) ; Officer of the Order of the Condor of the Andes (en) ;
????????	??????? ... WHO (???????????) ; OMS (?????????) ; OMS (??????????) ; 世??? (???????? ?????) ; 世衛組織 (???????? ???????) ; OMS (??????????) ; СУТ (??????????) ; ВОЗ (????????) ; 世衛 (???????? ???????) ; SZO (???????????)
?????	????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ; ???? ????? ?????? ; ????? ????? ; ???? ???????
???? ??????	??? ??????
????? ???????	???? ; ??? ???????
?????	??????? ... ?????? ; ??????? ; ??? ; ???????? ??????? ; ???????? ; ????? ; ??????? ???????
?????? ???????	??????? ... ?????????? ? ??????? ? ????????? ? ???????? ? ??????? ? ???????
??? ??	?????? ????????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ; ????? ???????
??????	??????? ... World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa (en) ; ????? ????? ??????? ????????? ; World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe (en) ; ??????? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ; World Health Organization (France) (en) ; World Health Organization Regional Office for South-East Asia (en) ; ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ; World Health Organization Regional Office for the Western Pacific (en) ; ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ; International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (en)
??????? ????????	World Health Organisation Advisory group (en)
???????	????? ????????? ? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????
????????	International Association of Scientific, Technical, and Medical Publishers (en)
???????	human health activities (en)
???? ?????	who.int… (???????)

????? ?????? ???????? (???? ??? ???????? WHO ) ?? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? . ??? ?????? ?? 7 ????? 1948 . ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ? ?????? ? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????.

??? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ?????. ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ????????? ?????? ????????.

??? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???????. ^[31]

??????? [ ??? ]

?? ??????? ???? ?????? ????????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? 1945 ? ????? ????? ???? ??????.

???? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? 7 ????? /????? 1948 - ??? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?? ???. ^[32]

??????? [ ??? ]

??? 1892 ?? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???. ^[33] ???? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ??? 1902? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ??? 1909. ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ??????. ^[34] ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?? ????????? ?????? ???????. ^[33] ????? ??? ??? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? .????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????. ^[35] ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ????????. ^[36] ?? ?????? 1946? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???????.??? 1946 ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ???? ?? ??? 26 ????.???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? 18 ????. ^[33] ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ≪??????≫ ?????? ≪???????≫. ^[33] ????? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ????????? ??????? ???????????. ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????. ^[35] ??? ?????? ?? ??? 19 ?????? ?22 ???? ???? 1946 ?? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ???????. ???? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ???????. ???? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? ????????? (???? ????? ?? ???????) ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????. ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ??? 1964? ????? ?? ???? ???? ≪??? ??????≫ ??????? ????? ?? ??????.??? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????. ^[35] ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???? 1948? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????. ^[37] ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ????????. ^[38] ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? 1974. ^[39] ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ???? 1948? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? (?? 1250000 ???? ????????) ???? 1949. ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ????????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????. ^[33] ???? ???? ????????? ????????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????. ??????? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ???????. ?? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ?? ???? ? ??????. ^[33] ???? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ????????? ???? ???? ??? ??????. ^[40]

??????? [ ??? ]

???? ????? ????? ???????? ????????? ??? ??? ??????? (?? ?? ????? ????)? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? 2006-2015. ????????? ?? ???????? 2008-2009 ?????? ????? ???????? ???????????? ???????? ????? (?????? 2008-2013) ^[41]? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ???????. ^[42]

??????? [ ??? ]

???? ????? ????? ????? ????????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ????. ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??? 1998 ???? "????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?? ??? 1978. ????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??????????. ????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????????. ????? ????? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ????? ????? ?? ?????. ??? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? 1986 ???? ????? ????? ????????. ?????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???????.

??????? [ ??? ]

???????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ( ??????????? : SARS )? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???????. ????? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? (???????) Vaccines ???? ??????? ???????? ?????????? pharmaceutical diagnostics? ????????. ???? ???? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? Smallpox ????? ????? ????? ???????? ?? 1980 ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????.???? ??? ??? ??????????? ?????? ????. ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??????? ( ??????????? : polio )? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????. ????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????? ????. ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????????? (?????? ??????) ??? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? 10% ?? ????? ?????.

???????? [ ??? ]

??????? ????????? [ ??? ]

???? ?????? ????? ???????? 6 ????? ??????? ???? 193 ????? ??? ??????.

??????? ????????? ?????? ????? ????????
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???????	???????? ? ??????? ???????	?????? ???????? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??? ? ??????? ? ???? ??????? ? ???? ? ????? ? ??????? ??????? (??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ???????). ^[43]	AFRO
??????	???????? ? ???????? .	?????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? . ^[44]	EURO
???? ??? ????	??????? ? ?????	???? ??? ???? ??? ????? ????????? ??? ????? ???????? . ^[45]	SEARO
??? ???????	??????? ? ???	?????? ???????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????. ^[46]	EMRO
??? ?????? ??????	?????? ? ??????? .	?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????????. ???????? ??? ????? ???????? . ^[47]	WPRO
??????????	?????? ??????? ? ???????? ??????? ????????? .	?????? ???????? ?????????? ???? ?????????? . ^[48]	AMRO

??????? [ ??? ]

???? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? 193 ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???????? . ??? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ???????. ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ??????.????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????/???? ?? ?? ???. ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?? 34 ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????. ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????????. ????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ?? ?????/????? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ????/???? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????. ^[49]

??????? ??????? [ ??? ]

?????	?????/???????	???? ??????	???????
???? ???????	????	1948?1953
????????? ????? ?????	????????	1953?1973
??????? ?????	????????	1973?1988
?????? ????????	???????	1988?1998
??? ????? ?????????	???????	1998?2003
????- ??? ??	????? ????????	2003?2006
????? ?????????	??????	2006?2007	?????? ????? ????????
??????? ????	?????	2007? 2017
?????? ??????? ????????	???????	2017? ??? ????

?????? ??? ??????? [ ??? ]

???? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ? ?????? ??? ?????????? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ????????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? . ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ??????.

??????? ??????? [ ??? ]

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??? ????????? ?????? :

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?????? ?????? ??????? [ ??? ]

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??????? [ ??? ]

^ ???? ????: https://www.who.int/en/about .
^ ???? ????: https://www.who.int/fr/about .
^ ^? ^? ???? ????: https://www.who.int/es/about .
^ ^? ^? ???? ????: https://www.who.int/ru/about .
^ ???? ????: https://www.who.int/ar/about .
^ ???? ????: https://www.who.int/zh/about .
^ " About WHO " . ????? ????? ????? ???????? . ???? ???? ?????? 2017-09-29 .
^ " Acerca de la OMS " . ????? ????? ???????? . ???? ???? ?????? 2020-03-28 .
^ ???? ????: http://www.who.int/dg/tedros/biography/en/ .
^ ^? ^? ???? ????: http://www.unbrussels.org/world-health-organization-who/ .
^ ???? ????: https://web.archive.org/web/20210829204533/https://www.geneve-int.ch/fr/organisation-mondiale-de-la-sant-oms-1 .
^ " Funds, Programmes, Specialized Agencies and Others " . ????? ??????? . ???? ???? ?????? 2017-09-29 .
^ ????? ??: Society Open Access Research (SOAR) Catalog . ??????: 2019. ??????????: Caroline Sutton. ????? ?????: 2007.
^ ^? ^? ????? ??: ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????? .
^ " About WHO " . ????? ????? ???????? . ???? ???? ?????? 2017-09-29 .
^ ^? ^? ^? ^? ^? " Multilingualism and WHO " . ????? ????? ???????? . ???? ???? ?????? 2017-09-29 .
^ ???? ????: http://www.un.org/en/ecosoc/about/pdf/ecosoc_chart.pdf .
^ ????: World Health Organization . ????? ??: ????? ????? ????? ??????? . ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??????? (PM20): co/025100 . ??????: 1 ????? 2021.
^ ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? (GRID): grid.463718.f .
^ ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? (GRID): grid.4437.4 .
^ ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? (GRID): grid.420226.0 .
^ ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? (GRID): grid.458360.c .
^ ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? (GRID): grid.475637.4 .
^ ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? (GRID): grid.483403.8 .
^ ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? (GRID): grid.483405.e .
^ ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? (GRID): grid.483407.c .
^ ???? ????: https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2020/10/22/world-health-organization-and-wikimedia-foundation-expand-access/ . ??????: 24 ?????? 2022.
^ ???? ????: https://www.icao.int/about-icao/Pages/Invited-Organizations.aspx .
^ ???? ????: https://www.stm-assoc.org/membership/our-members/ . ??????: 21 ?????? 2022.
^ ????: World Health Organization . ????? ??: ????? ????? ????? ??????? . ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??????? (PM20): co/025100 . ??????: 27 ????? 2021.
^ ??????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???????? - ???? ??????? ???? ?????? 14 ???? 2018 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ ????? ????? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? 17 ????? 2014 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ ^? ^? ^? ^? ^? ^? "World Health Organization" . The British Medical Journal . BMJ Publishing Group. ?. 2 ?. 4570: 302?303. 7 ????? 1948. DOI : 10.1136/bmj.2.4570.302 . JSTOR : 25364565 .
^ "League of Nations Health Organization" (PDF) . League of Nations Information Section, Geneva (digitised by WHO). 1931. ????? ?? ????? (PDF) ?? 2013-05-30 . ???? ???? ?????? 2012-03-27 .
^ ^? ^? ^? Shimkin? Michael B. (27 ?????? 1946). "The World Health Organization". Science . American Association for the Advancement of Science. ?. 104 ?. 2700: 281?283. DOI : 10.1126/science.104.2700.281 . JSTOR : 1674843 . PMID : 17810349 .
^ "Chronicle of the World Health Organization, April 1948" (PDF) . World Health Organization. ?. 54. ????? ?? ????? (PDF) ?? 2011-11-04 . ???? ???? ?????? 2007-07-18 .
^ "Chronicle of the World Health Organization, 1947" (PDF) . ????? ?? ????? (PDF) ?? 2013-05-30 . ???? ???? ?????? 2007-07-18 .
^ General Assembly ?????? 1 Resolution 61 . Establishment of the World Health Organization A/RES/61(I) 14 December 1946. Retrieved 14 November 2007.
^ Iriye? Akira (2002). Global Community: The Role of International Organizations in the Making of the Contemporary World . Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN : 0520231279 .
^ "World Health Organization Philippines" . WHO. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2001-02-26 . ???? ???? ?????? 2012-03-27 .
^ ????? ???????????? ???????? ????? 2008-2013: ????? ????? ???? ?????? 30 ????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ ????? ????? ???????? - ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? 10 ????? 2014 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ ?????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?????? 25 ?????? 2013 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ ?????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? 25 ?????? 2013 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ ?????? ???????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? 25 ?????? 2013 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ ?????? ???????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? 26 ?????? 2013 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? 25 ?????? 2013 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ ?????? ???????? ?????????? ???? ?????? 25 ?????? 2013 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ ????? ????? ???????? - ??????? ?? ???? ?????? 25 ????? 2014 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? . ^{[
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????? ?????? [ ??? ]

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??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????.
????? ?? ???? ???????.

????? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????????:

????? ????? ???????? ??? ???? Encyclopædia Britannica Online (??????????)
?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????? ???????

[fb76f8dddccfcc343d466c9403d191a5afc7001f-1] ???? ????: https://www.who.int/en/about .

[6f8eacf1d634c4c9d82c0cfe76756a179f368796-2] ???? ????: https://www.who.int/fr/about .

[643d559e51aa1faccdc6489527ea888d448ff64e-3] ? ^? ???? ????: https://www.who.int/es/about .

[93d56737aa1fe8b21d6b86dc89ca3d8bf34e61d3-4] ? ^? ???? ????: https://www.who.int/ru/about .

[b052fc7bd2494b7595bed9ad9096a0d46a2cec1c-5] ???? ????: https://www.who.int/ar/about .

[f6fc3e45e71eccd042ae83138ff9b886dc1d9a23-6] ???? ????: https://www.who.int/zh/about .

[682b78e3137bbd4aeec6583aa5123b57872cc378-7] " About WHO " . ????? ????? ????? ???????? . ???? ???? ?????? 2017-09-29 .

[f287cdf4aa4f5c2a1d7f1005323e9905f2c476d4-8] " Acerca de la OMS " . ????? ????? ???????? . ???? ???? ?????? 2020-03-28 .

[fb43ffb0e377d6c492ec01a86a0f635b3d2e0b6d-9] ???? ????: http://www.who.int/dg/tedros/biography/en/ .

[f2bf57dcf9cf2837eeb95d10f5a4133861bb6a2d-10] ? ^? ???? ????: http://www.unbrussels.org/world-health-organization-who/ .

[e436c793601c95d58064972600968f28a44bd726-11] ???? ????: https://web.archive.org/web/20210829204533/https://www.geneve-int.ch/fr/organisation-mondiale-de-la-sant-oms-1 .

[89a8f9fa8d383873233956df32bb583da08913e3-12] " Funds, Programmes, Specialized Agencies and Others " . ????? ??????? . ???? ???? ?????? 2017-09-29 .

[f7e68c91b0939c83f015d553e883ef68aa403364-13] ????? ??: Society Open Access Research (SOAR) Catalog . ??????: 2019. ??????????: Caroline Sutton. ????? ?????: 2007.

[cfd697a99ce1b4308e5c6bc8c44ce885d5ecf865-14] ? ^? ????? ??: ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????? .

[04bd11d47a8a9f67361d47200e2a5e74ed865b76-15] " About WHO " . ????? ????? ???????? . ???? ???? ?????? 2017-09-29 .

[b0f467af50dc1626bf8e79a6058bf97b3f43bf35-16] ? ^? ^? ^? ^? " Multilingualism and WHO " . ????? ????? ???????? . ???? ???? ?????? 2017-09-29 .

[3c035e430dcd42bcb6f410ff6fcb358ab52f04aa-17] ???? ????: http://www.un.org/en/ecosoc/about/pdf/ecosoc_chart.pdf .

[136b230ffca95eb9f2a8f0b8fcc34f024f49a6ba-18] ????: World Health Organization . ????? ??: ????? ????? ????? ??????? . ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??????? (PM20): co/025100 . ??????: 1 ????? 2021.

[d8c3280d2c8652b6d16fbaba617f68dd44d678b7-19] ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? (GRID): grid.463718.f .

[ade82eba465dd815e3bf67d03a66e7932b735042-20] ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? (GRID): grid.4437.4 .

[797498cc842cecb6e3264962dfb74e52979e2769-21] ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? (GRID): grid.420226.0 .

[b8f428f0b4d0f45a89047998225e5b8cd1ddbbc1-22] ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? (GRID): grid.458360.c .

[e58a3d363dd70e004379eb57d0490ac8d229af26-23] ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? (GRID): grid.475637.4 .

[fcc078fb5032330e6a44500f8cf55f7517371a6a-24] ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? (GRID): grid.483403.8 .

[cfadcdf57dbf5cb79b5575b56a0c279a2d8769ea-25] ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? (GRID): grid.483405.e .

[c00d8f1d5cbcac1345045ff3f66229332eb5554b-26] ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? (GRID): grid.483407.c .

[1fdb1acf57c139100c826c915249e49d88fe59a2-27] ???? ????: https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2020/10/22/world-health-organization-and-wikimedia-foundation-expand-access/ . ??????: 24 ?????? 2022.

[fd2cd21996930d3abdb41326aeb392a078e98ed0-28] ???? ????: https://www.icao.int/about-icao/Pages/Invited-Organizations.aspx .

[9abedaeba42e96a4215c1a4404aac27deb269cb7-29] ???? ????: https://www.stm-assoc.org/membership/our-members/ . ??????: 21 ?????? 2022.

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[31] ??????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???????? - ???? ??????? ???? ?????? 14 ???? 2018 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

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[41] ????? ???????????? ???????? ????? 2008-2013: ????? ????? ???? ?????? 30 ????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[42] ????? ????? ???????? - ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? 10 ????? 2014 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[43] ?????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?????? 25 ?????? 2013 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[44] ?????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? 25 ?????? 2013 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[45] ?????? ???????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? 25 ?????? 2013 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[46] ?????? ???????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? 26 ?????? 2013 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[47] ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? 25 ?????? 2013 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[48] ?????? ???????? ?????????? ???? ?????? 25 ?????? 2013 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[49] ????? ????? ???????? - ??????? ?? ???? ?????? 25 ????? 2014 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? . ^{[
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?????? ?????? ?????	????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? 15 ?????? ??????? ?????? ??77 ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ????????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????????? ????????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ????????? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ????????
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?????? ????? ????????	????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?????
????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ????????	????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ???? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????
?????? ??????	?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ????????
?????? ???? ??????? ?????	??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????????? ??????? ????? ???????
?????? ??????	??? ???? ??????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???????

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???????	?????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ???????
????? ?????	???? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ???????
????? ???????	??????? ????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ????????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ????????? ????? ???????
????? ?????? ???????	??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????/?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ??????????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????
?????? ??? ?????? ??????	????? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ???? ???????? ????? ???????

? ? ? ??????? ?????? ???????
????? ???????	??? ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??????????? ??? ?????????? ???? ???? Chalicosis ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?????????? ??? ???????? Laboratory animal allergy ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? Phossy jaw ???? ????? Radium jaw ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ???? Writer's cramp
????? ?????	??? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? Prevention through design ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? Occupational epidemiology
Professions	????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ????????
?????? and organizations	?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? UK ????? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? U.S. ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? U.S. ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ????????
Standards	Bangladesh Accord ^{[???? ????]}‏ ???? 45001 ??????? ????? ???????? ??????? 1981 Worker Protection Standard (US) Working Environment Convention, 1977 ^{[???? ????]}‏
???? ?????	?????? ?????? ???????? (EHS) ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ^{[???? ????]}‏ National Day of Mourning (Canadian observance) ????? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? Toxic tort ??????? ??????