브라질의 大統領 目錄

위키百科, 우리 모두의 百科事典.

이 項目은 브라질 의 歷代 大統領 目錄이다.

舊 共和國 (1889-1930) [ 編輯 ]

正當

   無所屬 (軍部 出身)     상파울루 共和黨     미나스제라이스 共和黨     리우데자네이루 共和黨     保守共和黨

# 大統領 寫眞 就任日 退任日 副統領 正當
1 데오盜壘 다 폰세카 1891年 2月 26日 (1889年 11月 15日 臨時 政府 大統領에 就任) 1891年 11月 23日 [1] 플로리아누 페이쇼투 無所屬 (軍部 出身)
2 플로리아누 페이쇼투 1891年 11月 23日 1894年 11月 14日 없음 無所屬 (軍部 出身)
3 프루덴치 드 모라이스 1894年 11月 15日 1898年 11月 14日 마누에右 비토리누 상파울루 共和黨
4 캄포스 살레스 1898年 11月 15日 1902年 11月 14日 로자 李 시우바 상파울루 共和黨
5 好드리게스 알베스 1902年 11月 15日 1906年 11月 14日 실비아누 브亂黨
아폰수 페나 		상파울루 共和黨
6 아폰수 페나 1906年 11月 15日 1909年 6月 14日 [2] 닐로 페社냐 미나스제라이스 共和黨
7 닐로 페社냐 1909年 6月 14日 1910年 11月 14日 없음 리우데자네이루 共和黨
8 에르메스 다 폰세카 1910年 11月 15日 1914年 11月 14日 벤歲슬라우 브라스 保守共和黨 (軍部 出身)
9 벤歲슬라우 브라스 1914年 11月 15日 1918年 11月 14日 우르바누 산토스 미나스제라이스 共和黨
– [3] 好드리게스 알베스 – – 델핑 모레이라 상파울루 共和黨
10 델핑 모레이라 1919年 1月 16日 (1918年 11月 15日 大統領 權限 代行 就任) 1919年 7月 28日 [4] 없음 미나스제라이스 共和黨
11 에피打시우 페소아 1919年 7月 28日 1922年 11月 14日 델핑 모레이라
部에누 드 파이바 		미나스제라이스 共和黨
12 아르투르 베르나르데스 1922年 11月 15日 1926年 11月 14日 에스타시우 코임브라 미나스제라이스 共和黨
13 와싱톤 루이스 1926年 11月 15日 1930年 10月 24日 [5] 멜루 非我나 상파울루 共和黨
– [6] 줄리우 프레스테스 – – 비탈 소아레스 상파울루 共和黨

바르가스 時代 (1930-1946) [ 編輯 ]

   自由同盟

# 大統領 寫眞 任期 始作 任期 終了 副統領 正當
– 아우구스투 프라固守 ,
이사이아스 지 노로냐 ,
메나 바레투 		1930年 10月 24日 (臨時 軍事 政府) 1930年 11月 3日 (臨時 軍事 政府) 없음 無所屬 (軍事 政府)
14 제툴리우 바르가스 [7] 1934年 7月 20日 (1930年 11月 3日 臨時 政府 大統領 就任) 1945年 10月 29日 없음 [8] 自由同盟
15 [9] 조제 리냐레스 1945年 10月 29日 1946年 1月 31日 없음 無所屬 (브라질 聯邦 大法院長 兼任)

第2共和國 (1946-1964) [ 編輯 ]

正當

    社會民主黨     브라질 勞動黨     國家勞動黨

# 大統領 寫眞 就任 退任 副統領 正當
16 가스파 두트라 1946年 1月 3日 1951年 1月 30日 네레우 라모스 社會民主黨 (軍部)
17 제툴리우 바르가스 1951年 1月 31日 1954年 8月 24日 [10] 카페 弼료 브라질 勞動黨
18 카페 弼료 1954年 8月 24日 1955年 11月 9日 [11] 없음 브라질 勞動黨
19 카를로스 루즈 1955年 11月 9日 1955年 11月 11日 [12] 없음 社會民主黨
20 네레우 라모스 1955年 11月 11日 [13] 1956年 1月 30日 없음 社會民主黨
21 駐셀理누 쿠비체크 1956年 1月 31日 1961年 1月 30日 주앙 굴라르 社會民主黨
22 者니우 쿠아드루스 1961年 1月 31日 1961年 8月 25日 [14] 주앙 굴라르 國家 勞動黨
23 下니에리 마질리 1961年 8月 25日(大統領 代理) [15] 1961年 9月 7日 (大統領 代理) 없음 社會民主黨
24 주앙 굴라르 1961年 9月 7日 [16] 1964年 4月 1日 [17] 없음 브라질 勞動黨

軍事獨裁 政權 (1964-1985) [ 編輯 ]

    國民改造同盟黨 (後에 民主社會黨 으로 變更)

# 大統領 寫眞 就任 退任 副統領 正當
25 라니에리 馬찌이 1964年 4月 1日 [18] 1964年 4月 15日 없음 社會民主黨
26 움베르투 지 알렝카르 카스텔루 브랑쿠 1964年 4月 15日 1967年 3月 14日 호세 마리아 알크民 國民改造同盟黨 (軍部)
27 아르투르 다 코스타 이 시우바 1967年 3月 15日 1969年 8月 31日 (腦電症로 因한 停職) 1969年 10月 14日 (辭任) [19] 페드루 알레以後 國民改造同盟黨 (軍部)
– 아우구스투 라지마케르 ,
아우렐리우 지 리라 他바레스 ,
마르시우 멜루 		1969年 8月 31日 ( 軍事 政府 ) 1969年 10月 30日 ( 軍事 政府 ) 없음 "없음"' (空軍에 現役으로 服務 中이던 將軍으로 構成된 軍事 政府)
28 에밀리禹 街라스타週 메디視 1969年 10月 30日 1974年 3月 14日 아우구스투 라지마케르 國民改造同盟黨 (軍部)
29 에르네스투 街이제우 1974年 3月 15日 1979年 3月 14日 아달베르투 페레이라 두스 산투스 國民改造同盟黨 (軍部)
30 주앙 피게이레두 1979年 3月 15日 1985年 3月 14日 아우렐리兒누 샤베스 民主社會黨 (軍部)

新 共和國 (1985年-現在) [ 編輯 ]

브라질 大統領機
正當

    브라질 민주운동당     國家再建黨
    브라질 社會民主黨     勞動黨     社會自由黨

# 大統領 寫眞 就任日 退任日 副統領 正當
– [20] 탕크레두 네베스 – – 조제 사르네이 브라질 민주운동당
31 조제 사르네이 1985年 4月 21日 (1985年 3月 15日부터 大統領 權限 代行) 1990年 3月 14日 없음 브라질 민주운동당
32 페르난두 콜로르 지 멜루 1990年 3月 15日 1992年 12月 29日 (1992年 10月 2日 彈劾) [21] 이타마르 프랑쿠 國家再建黨
33 이타마르 프랑쿠 1992年 12月 29日 (1992年 10月 2日부터 大統領 權限 代行) 1994年 12月 31日 없음 브라질 민주운동당
34 페르난두 엔히크 카르도주 1995年 1月 1日 2002年 12月 31日 마르쿠 마시에禹 브라질 社會民主黨
35 루이스 이나시우 룰라 다 시우바 2003年 1月 1日 2010年 12月 31日 조제 알렝카르 勞動者黨
36 지우마 호세프 2011年 1月 1日 2016年 8月 31日 (2016年 5月 12日 彈劾) 美셰우 테메르 勞動者黨
37 美셰우 테메르 2016年 8月 31日 (2016年 5月 12日부터 大統領 權限 代行) 2018年 12月 31日 없음 브라질 민주운동당
38 자이르 보우소나루 2019年 1月 1日 2022年 12月 31日 아미우통 모랑 社會自由黨
39 루이스 이나시우 룰라 다 시우바 2023年 1月 1日 제라牛痘 아우키民 勞動者黨

같이 보기 [ 編輯 ]

各州 [ 編輯 ]

  1. ↑ In a coup d'etat, he shut down the National Congress and ruled by decree for a few days. There was a reaction of those loyal to the Constitution and Deodoro was forced to resign the presidency. His dissolution of Congress and his acts since the coup were considered null and void.
  2. ↑ Died in office.
  3. ↑ Rodrigues Alves, who had been the 5th President of Brazil (1902-1906), was elected to serve as the 10th President in 1918 but fell ill with the Spanish Flu before his inauguration, so that he was not able to attend it. His running-mate, Delfim Moreira took office as Vice-President and became Acting President. Rodriges Alves never took the oath of office to become the 10th President, as he did not recover from his illness and died. Delfim Moreira succeeded to the Presidency upon the President-elect's death in January 1919.
  4. ↑ Vice-President Delfim Moreira succeded to the Presidency upon the death of President-elect Rodrigues Alves, but, in accordance with the constitutional provisions then in force, since the vacancy of the presidency occurred in the first half of the four-year presidential term, new elections were summoned and Delfim Moreira served only until an elected President was chosen and inaugurated to finish the 1918-1922 presidential term.
  5. ↑ Deposed by the 1930 Revolution
  6. ↑ Julio Prestes, elected on 1 March 1930, never took office due to the 1930 coup that deposed his predecessor Washington Luis.
  7. ↑ Getulio Vargas was de facto President of Brazil from 3 November 1930 to 20 July 1934, as head of the provisional government. On July 17, 1934, he was elected President of Brazil by the National Constituent Assembly, taking office three days later. On 10 November 1937, he led a coup d'etat and proclaimed the Estado Novo dictatorship, extending his term until 29 October 1945, when he was deposed by the military.
  8. ↑ The office of Vice-President was abolished during Vargas' tenure.
  9. ↑ Jose Linhares, President of the Supreme Court, took office after he was summoned by the Armed Forces, once his predecessor had been deposed.
  10. ↑ Committed suicide.
  11. ↑ Declared himself unable to govern for medical reasons. His self declared incapacity led to the assumption of the presidency by Carlos Luz (who was President of the Chamber of Deputies) as Acting President. Carlos Luz was seen as hostile to the inauguration of the then-president elect, Juscelino Kubitschek. Fearing that Carlos Luz would lead a coup to prevent the inauguration of the president-elect, a section of the military deposed him, and installed the President of the Senate, Nereu Ramos, as Acting President of the Republic in his stead. Upon the deposition of Carlos Luz from the post of Acting President, President Cafe Filho attempted to terminate his self-declared incapacity, but was prevented from resuming the powers and duties of the presidency by the same military faction that had installed Nereu Ramos as Acting President.
  12. ↑ Deposed.
  13. ↑ President of the Senate. Summoned by the Minister of the Army, Marshall Henrique Teixeira Lott, who led the coup to overtrow Carlos Luz, Senator Nereu Ramos assumed the presidency after Luz's deposition.
  14. ↑ resigned from office.
  15. ↑ Acting president following Quadros' resignation. Vice-President Joao Goulart was on an official visit to China, and only took office on September 7.
  16. ↑ Goulart was on an official visit to China when Quadros resigned the presidency. While the Vice-President was still abroad, there was an attempt on the part of the Vice-President's opponents, who controlled Congress, to prevent him from being inaugurated, but that movement failed, due to resistance by the Governor of the State Rio Grande do Sul and a split in the military. However, Congress only allowed the inauguration of Goulart to proceed after a compromise was reached, whereby a Constitutional Amendment severely limiting the powers of the presidency was passed on 2 September 1961. Under that Constitutional Amendment, the presidential Executive, that had existed since the proclamation of the Republic, was abolished and replaced with a parliamentary system, in which a prime minister was the head of the Government, and the President retained only the role of head of State. The Amendment however stipulated that the constitutional change would only become permanent if confirmed by the people in a referendum. On 6 January 1963 that referendum was held, and a majority of the voters rejected the Amendment, backing the restoration of the presidential Executive instead. According to the result of the referendum, on 23 January 1963 a new Constitutional Amendment was promulgated, reppealing the 1961 Amendment and re-establishing the presidential Executive as it existed immediately prior to that Amendment. Thus, from 7 September 1961 until 23 January 1963 President Goulart served as head of State only, in a parliamentary system of Government, and, from 23 January 1963 onwards, he served as both Head of State and Head of Government.
  17. ↑ deposed by the military coup of 1964
  18. ↑ Following the 1964 military coup, the President of Congress, Senator Auro de Moura Andrade convened a joint session of Congress and summarily announced that President Joao Goulart was deposed. Moura Andrade then declared Ranieri Mazzilli (who then was the President of the Chamber of Deputies and the first person in the presidential line of succession) to have succeeded to the office of President of the Republic. Accordingly, Mazzili assumed the office of President on 1 April, 1964. On 9 April 1964, a body known as the Supreme Command of the Revolution , composed of the leaders of the military coup (the commanders of the three branches of the Armed Forces), issued an Institutional Act summoning the National Congress to elect a new President in 48 hours. The military then put forward the name of Marshall Castelo Branco. Ranieri Mazzili, therefore, remained as President only up to the election and inauguration of Castelo Branco.
  19. ↑ A military junta composed of the Ministers in charge of the three brances of the Armed Forces assumed the powers of the presidency on 31 August 1969 after President Costa e Sliva suffered a cerebral trombosis that left him completely incapacitated. The military junta seized power so as to prevent the Vice-President, a civilian, from becoming Acting President. In the initial stage of the President's disease, the junta hoped that he would recover. Realizing that he would not, the military junta issued an institutional act on 14 October 1969 removing the incapacitated President from office and summoning new elections. It remained in place until a new President was sworn-in.
  20. ↑ Died before taking office. Tancredo Neves became gravely ill on the eve of his own inauguration, so that he could not attend it. Jose Sarney, his running mate, took office as Vice-President and served as Acting President from the day of Neves' would-be inauguration to the day he died. Upon Neves' death on 21 April 1985, Acting President Sarney succeeded to the presidency.
  21. ↑ Impeached by the Chamber of Deputies. Upon the acceptance of the charges of impeachment, President Collor was suspended from office for 180 days in accordance with the Constitution and the Vice-President became Acting President. On the final day of his trial of impeachment before the Brazilian Federal Senate, Collor resigned the presidency, in an attempt to stop the process. Acting President Itamar Franco was then sworn-in as President. The trial of impeachment continued in spite of Collor's resignation and he was found guilty of the charges and disqualified for holding public office for eight years.
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