Shanghai
上海
|
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|
Municipality o Shanghai ?
上海市
|
|
Location o Shanghai Municipality athin Cheenae
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Coordinates:
31°12′N
121°30′E
/
31.200°N 121.500°E
/
31.200; 121.500
Coordinates
:
31°12′N
121°30′E
/
31.200°N 121.500°E
/
31.200; 121.500
|
Kintra
| Fowkrepublic o Cheenae
|
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Settled
| 5t?7t century
|
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Incorporatit
- Toun
| 751
|
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- Coonty
| 1292
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- Municipality
| 7 Julie 1927
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Diveesions
-
Coonty-level
-
Tounship-
level
| 16 destricts, 1 coonty
210 touns an subdestricts
|
---|
Govrenment
|
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? Teep
| Municipality
|
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?
CPC Ctte Secretary
| Han Zheng
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? Mayor
| Yang Xiong
|
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? Congress Chairman
| Yin Yicui
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? Conference Chairman
| Wu Zhiming
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Area
|
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? Municipality
| 6340.5 km
2
(2,448.1 sq mi)
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? Water
| 697 km
2
(269 sq mi)
|
---|
Elevation
| 4 m (13 ft)
|
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Population
|
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? Municipality
| 24,256,800
|
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? Rank
| 1st in Cheenae
|
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? Density
| 3,800/km
2
(9,900/sq mi)
|
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?
Metro
| 34,000,000
|
---|
Demonym(s)
| Shanghainese
|
---|
Time zone
| UTC+8
(
Cheenae Staundart Time
)
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Postal code
| 2000
00?
2021
00
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Area code(s)
| 21
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GDP
[7]
| 2014
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- Tot
| CNY
2.356 trillion
US$383.55 billion (
11t
)
|
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- Per capita
| CNY97,555
US$15,880 (
3rd
)
|
---|
- Growth
| 7%
|
---|
HDI
(2010)
| 0.814
[8]
(
2nt
) ?
very heich
|
---|
Licence plate
prefixes
| ?A, B, D, E, F, G, H, J, K
?C (outer suburbs)
|
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Ceety flouer
| Yulan magnolia
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Website
| www.shanghai.gov.cn
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Shanghai
(
Cheenese
:
上
海
;
pinyin
:
Shangh?i
;
Shanghainese
: Zanhae
[z????he]
; Mandarin:
[???ŋxai]
) is the maist populous ceety in
Cheenae
an the
lairgest ceety proper
in the warld. A
global ceety
, Shanghai exerts influence ower commerce, finance, cultur, airt, fashion, research an entertainment. The ceety is locatit at the middle portion o the Cheenese coast, an sits at the mouth o the
Yangtze River
.
Ance a
fishin
an textiles toun, Shanghai grew tae importance in the 19t century due tae its
favourable port location
an as ane o the ceeties opened tae foreign trade bi the 1842
Treaty o Nanking
.
[9]
The ceety flourished as a centre o commerce atween
east
an
wast
, an became a multinaitional hub o finance an business bi the 1930s.
[10]
Efter 1990, the
economic reforms
introduced bi
Deng Xiaoping
resultit in intense re-development an financin in Shanghai, an in 2005 Shanghai became the warld's lairgest cargo port.
[11]
The ceety is a
tourist
destination renouned for its historical landmarks such as
the Bund
an
City God Temple
, an its modern an iver-expandin
Pudong
skyline includin the
Oriental Pearl Tower
. Today, Shanghai is the lairgest centre o commerce an finance in
mainland Cheenae
, an haes been described as the "showpiece" o the warld's
fastest-growin major economy
.
[12]
[13]
The twa
Cheenese characters
in the ceety's name are
上
(
shang
) 'abuin' an
海
(
h?i
) 'sea' which thegither literally mean 'Upper Sea'. The earliest occurrence o this name dates frae the
Song Dynasty
(11t century), at which time there wis awready a river confluence an a toun wi this name in the aurie. There are disputes as tae exactly hou the name shoud be interpretit, but offeecial local histories hae consistently said that it signifies 'The upper
reaches
o the sea'. Due tae the changin coastline, Cheenese historians hae concludit that in the Tang Dynasty Shanghai wis literally on the sea, hence the oreegin o the name.
[14]
Anither readin an aa suggests the sense o "go ontae the sea," which is consistent wi the seaport status o the ceety. A mair poetic name for Shanghai switches the order o the twa characters,
H?ishang
(
海
上
), an is aften uised for terms relatit tae Shanghainese airt an cultur.
Shanghai is commonly abbreviatit in Cheenese as
Hu
(simp:
?
/trad:
?
). This character appears on aw motor vehicle license plates issued in the municipality today. This is derived frae
Hu Du
(simp:
?
?
/trad:
?
瀆
), the name o an ancient fishin village that ance stood at the confluence o
Suzhou Creek
an the Huangpu River back in the Tang Dynasty.
[14]
The character Hu is aften combined wi that for Song, as in Wusong Kou, Wu Song River, an Songjiang tae form the nickname
Song Hu
. For example, the Japanese attack on Shanghai in August 1937 is commonly cawed the Song Hu Battle. Anither early name for Shanghai wis Hua Ting, nou juist the name o a fower star hotel in the ceety.
[14]
Ane ither commonly uised nickname
Sh?n
(
申
) is derived frae the name o
Chunshen Jun
(
春
申
君
), a nobleman an locally revered hero o the
Chu Kinrick
in the 3rd century BC whose territory includit the Shanghai aurie. Sports teams an newspapers in Shanghai aften use the character
Sh?n
(
申
) in their names. Shanghai is an aa commonly cawed
Sh?ncheng
(
申
城
, "Ceety o Sh?n").
Twin touns an sister ceeties
[
eedit
|
eedit soorce
]
Shanghai haes
ceety pairtnerships
wi the follaein ceeties an regions:
[15]
- Yokohama
,
Japan
-
1973
- Osaka
,
Japan
-
1974
- Milan
,
Italy
-
1979
- Rotterdam
,
Netherlands
-
1979
- San Francisco
,
Unitit States
-
1979
- Osaka Prefectur
,
Japan
-
1980
- Zagreb
,
Croatie
-
1980
- Hamhung
,
North Korea
-
1982
- Manila
,
Philippines
-
1983
- Antwerp
,
Belgium
-
1984
- Karachi
,
Pakistan
-
1984
- Chicago
,
Unitit States
-
1985
- Montreal
,
Canadae
-
1985
- Piraeus
,
Greece
-
1985
- Gda?sk
,
Poland
-
1985
- Nagasaki Prefectur
,
Japan
-
1986
- Hamburg
,
Germany
-
1986
- Casablanca
,
Morocco
-
1986
- Gothenburg
,
Swaden
-
1986
- Marseille
,
Fraunce
-
1987
- Sao Paulo
,
Brazil
-
1988
- Saunt Petersburg
,
Roushie
-
1988
- Istanbul
,
Turkey
-
1989
- Ho Chi Minh Ceety
,
Vietnam
-
1990
- Alexandria
,
Egyp
-
1992
- Busan
,
Sooth Korea
-
1993
- Port Vila
,
Vanuatu
-
1994
- Dunedin
,
New Zealand
-
1994
- Haifa
,
Israel
-
1994
- Tashkent
,
Uzbekistan
-
1994
- Porto
,
Portugal
-
1995
|
|
- Aden
,
Yemen
-
1995
- Windhoek
,
Namibie
-
1995
- Lunnon
,
Unitit Kinrick
-
1996
- Santiago de Cuba
,
Cuba
-
1996
- Rosario
,
Argentinae
-
1997
- Espoo
,
Finland
-
1998
- Jalisco
,
Mexico
-
1998
- Liverpuil
,
Unitit Kinrick
-
1999
- Maputo
,
Mozambique
-
1999
- Dubai
,
Unitit Arab Emirates
-
2000
- Chiang Mai
,
Thailand
-
2000
- KwaZulu-Natal
,
Sooth Africae
-
2001
- Guayaquil
,
Ecuador
-
2001
- Valparaiso
,
Chile
-
2001
- Barcelona
,
Spain
-
2001
- Oslo
,
Norawa
-
2001
- Constan?a
,
Romanie
-
2002
- Algiers
,
Algerie
-
2003
- Colombo
,
Sri Lanka
-
2003
- Aarhus Coonty
,
Denmark
-
2003
- Bratislava Region
,
Slovakie
-
2003
- Hauraki Destrict
,
New Zealand
-
2003
- Salzburg
,
Austria
-
2004
- Nicosia
,
Cyprus
-
2004
- Cork
,
Ireland
-
2005
- Winston-Salem
,
Unitit States
-
2006
- Basel
,
Swisserland
-
2007
- Boras
,
Swaden
-
2007
- Sarajevo
,
Bosnie an Herzegovinae
-
2008
- Manaus
,
Brazil
-
2009
- Yerevan
,
Armenie
-
2009
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Wikimedia Commons haes media relatit tae
Shanghai
.
|