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    ????? ? ????? ??????????? ??????????? ?????? ???????, ?? ????????? ?????????? ??? ????
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    ????????? ?????? ?????? ????, ?????? ???? ?????????? ????
  • সাংহাই বন্দর, যা বিশ্বের ব্যস্ততম কন্টেইনার বন্দর।
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???? [ ???????? ]

  1. ↑ ?? ??????????? ???? ?????????? ?? ??????????? ????? ?????????????? ???????????:????? ?????? ??????????? ???? ?????? ????????????? ?????? ???????? ???????????? ??????????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???????

????????? [ ???????? ]

  1. ↑ "The Shanghainese of 6000 Years Ago - the Majiabang Culture" ? Shanghai Qingpu Museum? ? ????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?  
  2. ↑ 上海?、上海?、上海?城考? (???? ??????)? Government of Shanghai? ? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ?  
  3. ↑ "Doing Business in China ? Survey" ? Ministry Of Commerce ? People's Republic Of China ? ???????? ????? ? ????? ???? ?  
  4. ↑ "Land Area" ? Basic Facts ? Shanghai Municipal People's Government? ? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?  
  5. ↑ ??????? ??????: <ref> ????? ??? ???; waterresources ????? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????
  6. ↑ ? ? Cox, W (????)? Demographia World Urban Areas. 14th Annual Edition (??????) ? St. Louis: Demographia? ?????? 22?  
  7. ↑ ??????? ??????: <ref> ????? ??? ???; topo ????? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????
  8. ↑ "???????????????? ???????" 2017年上海市?民???行情? [The operation of the national economy in Shanghai in 2017] (???? ??????)? Shanghai Bureau of Statistics? ?? ????????? ????? ?? ????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ? ???????? ????? ?? ????????? ???? ?  
  9. ↑ ??????? ??????: <ref> ????? ??? ???; oecd2015 ????? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????
  10. ↑ 《2013中?人??展?告》 (??????) (???? ??????)? United Nations Development Programme China? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ??? (??????) ???? ??????? ??? ? ???????? ????? ? ????????? ???? ?  
  11. ↑ Shanghai Population 2019 , World Population Review  
' https://bn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=??????&oldid=7113202 ' ???? ????