Coordinates
:
32°N
6°W
/
32°N 6°W
/
32; -6
Kinrick o Morocco
|
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|
Motto:
???? ?????? ?????
(Arabic)
Allah, Al Watan, Al Malik
????, ????, ??????
(
Berber leids
)
"God, Hameland, Keeng"
|
|
|
Caipital
| Rabat
34°02′N
6°51′W
/
34.033°N 6.850°W
/
34.033; -6.850
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Lairgest ceety
| Casablanca
33°32′N
7°35′W
/
33.533°N 7.583°W
/
33.533; -7.583
|
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Offeecial leids
| |
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Native laeids
| |
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Ither leids
| French
[Notes 1]
|
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Ethnic groups
| |
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Releegion
| Sunni Islam
[a]
(offeecial)
[2]
|
---|
Demonym(s)
| Moroccan
|
---|
Govrenment
| Unitar
pairlamentar
constitutional monarchy
[3]
|
---|
|
| Mohammed VI
(???? ??????, ?????? ???? ????)
|
---|
| Aziz Akhannouch
(???? ?????, ????? ?????)
|
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|
Legislatur
| Pairlament
|
---|
| Hoose o Cooncillors
|
---|
| Hoose o Representatives
|
---|
Moroccan stateheid
|
---|
|
| 789
|
---|
| 1666
|
---|
| 30 March 1912
|
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| 7 April 1956
|
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|
Aurie
|
---|
? Total
| 710,850 km
2
(274,460 sq mi)
or 446,550 km
2
[b]
(
40t or 58t
)
|
---|
? Water (%)
| 0.056
(250 km
2
)
|
---|
Population
|
---|
? 1 September 2014 census
| 33,848,242
[4]
|
---|
? Density
| 73.1/km
2
(189.3/sq mi)
|
---|
GDP
(
PPP
)
| 2015 estimate
|
---|
? Total
| $274.53 billion
[5]
|
---|
? Per capita
| $8,194
[6]
|
---|
GDP
(nominal)
| 2015 estimate
|
---|
? Tot
| $103.08 billion
[7]
|
---|
? Per capita
| $3,077
[8]
|
---|
Gini
(2007)
| 40.9
[9]
medium
|
---|
HDI
(2014)
| 0.628
[10]
medium
·
126t
|
---|
Currency
| Moroccan dirham
(
MAD
)
|
---|
Time zone
| UTC
(
GMT
[11]
)
|
---|
| UTC
+1
(
GMT
+1)
|
---|
Drivin side
| right
|
---|
Cawin code
| +212
|
---|
ISO 3166 code
| MA
|
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Internet TLD
| .ma
|
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|
Morocco
(
Arabic
:
??????
,
al-Ma?rib
,
[al.ma?rib]
; Moroccan Arabic: ??????,
el-Ma?rib
;
Berber leids
:
???????
,
??????
;
French
:
Maroc
), offeecially the
Kinrick o Morocco
[12]
(Arabic:
??????? ????????
,
al-Mamlakah al-Ma?ribiyya
,
[al.mamlaka l.ma?ribijja]
), is a kintra locatit in
North Africae
. It haes a population o nearly 32 million an an aurie o 710,850 km², includin the disputit
Wastren Sahara
which is mainly unner Moroccan admeenistration. Morocco haes a coast on the
Atlantic Ocean
that reaches past the
Strait o Gibraltar
intae the
Mediterranean Sea
. It is bordered bi
Spain
tae the north (a watter mairch throu the Strait an land borders wi three smaw Spaingie-controlled
exclaves
,
Ceuta
,
Melilla
, an
Penon de Velez de la Gomera
),
Algerie
tae the east, ane
Mauritanie
tae the sooth.
[13]
Morocco is a
de jure
constitutional monarchy
wi an electit parliament. The
Keeng o Morocco
holds vast executive pouers, includin dissolvin parliament at will.
Executive pouer
is exercised bi the
govrenment
an bi the king as well.
Legislative pouer
is vestit in baith the govrenment an the twa chambers o parliament, the
Assembly o Representatives
an the
Assembly o Councillors
. The king can an aa issue decrees cawed
dahirs
which hae the force o law.
Parliamentary elections
wur held in Morocco on 7 September 2007, an wur considered bi some neutral observers tae be maistly free an fair; awtho voter turnout wis estimatit tae be 37%, the lawest in decades. The politeecal caipital is
Rabat
, an the lairgest ceety is
Casablanca
; ither lairge ceeties include
Zagora
,
Marrakech
,
Fes
,
Sale
,
Agadir
,
Tangier
,
Meknes
,
Oujda
an
Tetouan
.
Morocco haes a rich
cultur
an
civilization
, which remained mainly indigenous throughoot times an the
Moroccan cuisine
haes lang been considered as ane o the maist diversified cuisines in the warld. The population is almaist entirely
Arab
-
Berber
. Awtho
Arabic
is the majority leid,
[14]
modern studies show that the
Arabization
process in Morocco wis maistly linguistic. The Moroccans or Moroccan Arabs, ar a lairgely homogenous group speakin
Moroccan Arabic
, awtho regional variation daes occur. The
Berber fowk
in Morocco can be dividit in three main groups wi different dialects: the
Riffians
, the
Chleuh
an the Central Atlas indwallers.
The earliest well-kent Moroccan unthirlt state wis the
Berber kinrick o Mauretanie
unner keeng
Bocchus I
. This Berber Kinrick o Mauretanie (current northren Morocco) dates at least tae 110 BC.
[15]
Umayyad
Arabs conquered the region in the 7t century, bringin thair leid, thair seestem o govrenment, an Islam, tae which mony o the Berbers slowly convertit, maistly efter the Arab rule recedit. In the Islamic era the first Moroccan Muslim state, independent frae the
Arab Empire
, wis The
Kinrick o Nekor
, an emirate in the
Rif aurie
. It wis foondit bi an immigrant frae
Yemen
,
Salih I ibn Mansur
in 710 AD, as a client state tae
Caliphal grant
.
Idris I
fled tae Morocco frae the Abbasids' massacre against his tribe in Iraq an managed tae convince the Awraba Berber tribes tae break allegiance tae the distant Abbasid caliphs in
Baghdad
. He foondit the
Idrisid Dynasty
in 780 AD. Morocco became later a centre o
learnin
an a major pouer.
Frae the 20t century onwards, a series o pouerful Bakker dynasties arose. Unner the
Almoravid dynasty
an the
Almohad dynasty
, Morocco dominatit the
Maghreb
, Muslim Spain, an the wastren Mediterranean region. In the 13t century the
Merinids
gained pouer ower Morocco an strove tae replicate the successes o the
Almohads
. In the 15t century the
Reconquista
endit Islamic rule in
Iberie
an mony
Muslims
an
Jews
fled tae Morocco. Unner the
Saadi Dynasty
, the first Moroccan dynasty initiatit bi ethnic Arabs synee the Idrisids, the kintra wad consolidate pouer an fecht aff
Portuguese
an
Ottoman
invaders, as in the
battle o Ksar el Kebir
. The reign o
Ahmad al-Mansur
brocht new wealth an prestige tae the Sultanate, an a massive Moroccan invasion o the
Songhay Empire
wis initiatit.
Housomeivver, managin the territories athort the
Sahara
proved too difficult. Efter the daith o al-Mansur the kintra wis dividit amang his sons. In 1666 the sultanate wis reunitit bi the Alaouite dynasty, who hae syne been the rulin hoose in Morocco. The organisation o the state developed wi
Ismail Ibn Sharif
. Wi his
Black Guard
he drove the
Breetish
frae Tangier (1684) an the
Spaingie
frae
Larache
(1689). In 1912, efter the
First Moroccan Crisis
an the
Agadir Crisis
, the
Treaty o Fez
wis signed, effectively dividin Morocco intae a
French
an
Spaingie protectorate
. In 1956, efter 44 year o occupation, Morocco regained unthirldom frae Fraunce an Spain as the "Kinrick o Morocco".
The aurie o present day Morocco haes been inhabitit syne
Neolithic times
(at least syne 2000 BC, as attestit bi signs o the
Capsian cultur
), a period when the
Maghreb
wis less arid than it is the day. In
Mesolithic
ages the geography o Morocco resembled a
savanna
mair nor the present day arid landscape.
[16]
In the classical period, Morocco wis kent as
Mauretanie
, awtho this shoud nae be ramfeeselt wi the modren-day kintra o
Mauritanie
. Modren DNA analysis (see link) haes confirmed that various populations hae contributit tae the present-day gene pool o Morocco in addition tae the main modern group which is the Amazighs/
Berbers
. Those ither various populations are
Arabs
,
Iberians
,
Phoenicians
,
Sephardic
Jews
an
sub-Saharan
Africans
.
A smaw
Jewish community
lived in Morocco afore the creation o
Israel
, numberin approximately 265,000 in 1948, awtho atween 7,000 an 12,000 live thare nou (maistly in few major ceeties). A caw made bi late king
Hassan II
for Jews tae return tae Morocco wis no answered.
- ↑
French
is an aa uised in offeecial govrenment documents an bi the business commonty, awtho it haes na offeecial status: "French (often the language of business, government, and diplomacy)..."
[1]
Archived
2018-12-26 at the
Wayback Machine
? See
French leid in Morocco
for forder information
|
Wikimedia Commons haes media relatit tae
Morocco
.
|