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https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotland

???????????? Alba    ( Gaelic )
Flag Royal Standard
????? ????????????:  In My Defens God Me Defend ( Scots ) (Often shown abbreviated as IN DEFENS )
????? ????:  None ( de jure ) Flower of Scotland , Scotland the Brave ( de facto )
Location of   ?????????????    (inset - orange) in the United Kingdom (camel) in the European continent    ( white )
????????	???????
???? ????	??????????
???????? ?????	???????? ( de facto ) 1
?????????? ????????? ?????	Gaelic , Scots
????? ?????????	88% Scottish , 8% English , Irish , Welsh , 4% other [1]
??????????? ????	Scottish
?????????????	Constitutional monarchy
?  Monarch	????????? II
?  First Minister	Alex Salmond MP MSP
?  Prime Minister	Gordon Brown
??????????????	Scottish Parliament
Establishment   Early Middle Ages ; exact date of establishment unclear or disputed ; traditional 843, by King Kenneth MacAlpin
???????????
? ??? ???????????	78,772 km 2 (30,414 sq mi)
?  ??? (%)	1.9
???????
? 2007 estimate	5,144,200
? 2001 census	5,062,011
?  ??????????	65/km 2 (168.3/sq mi)
??.??.??.   ( PPP )	2006 estimate
? ???	US$ 194 billion [ ?????? ????????? ]
? ??????????	US$ 39,680 [ ?????? ????????? ]
?????.??.?.   (2003)	0.939 very high
???????????	Pound sterling ( GBP )
???????	UTC 0 (GMT)
? Summer ( DST )	UTC +1 (BST)
??????? ????	+44
ISO ????	GB-SCT
??????????? ?????	.uk 3

???????????? /?sk?tl?nd/ ( ????? · ?????? ) ( english : Scotland , Gaelic : Alba ) ????????? ??????????? ???? ??????????? ???????. ^[3] 790 ???????? ??????????????????? ???????. ^[4] .1707 ???? 1 -?? ??????????????????????? ??????????????? ?????????? ?????????? ???????. ^{[5] [6]} ????????????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????????. ??????? ??? ????????. ???????????? ?? ?????????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????????????????? ? ????. ???????? ??? ??????? ???? ????.?????????????? 32 ??????????????????? ??????????????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ???????????????? ????????? ???????????? ??????????????????. ??????????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??????, ???????????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ???????. ????????????, ??????? ????????, ??????, ?????? ???????? ????????? ????????????? ????????? ??????????????? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ??? ?????????????????? ???????????????????. ????????? ???????????? ?????????? ???? ????????? ????????????, 8.3% ??????? ??? 2012 ?? ????????????? ????????? ???????.??????? ???????????????? ???????????? ?????? ??? ????????? ????????? ????????? ????????????, 1707 ??? ??? ????????. 1603 ?? ?????????????????, ?????????????? ??????? ????? ???????????????? ??????????????? ????????, ?????? ?????? ???????????? ???????????? ????????????. ???????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ??????????????????? ???????????? 1707 ???? 1 ?? ????????? ??????????? ??? ????????? ???????? ???????????.???????? ??????????? ??????????? ?????? ??????????, ??? ???????????? ????????????? ????????? ????????????? ???? ?????????. 1801-? ???????? ????????, ??????? ????? ????????? ??????????????????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ??? ????????? ???????? ?????????? 1922-?, ????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ??????????? ?????? ???????????, ?????????????? ??????????? ??????????? ??????. 1927 ? ????????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????

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???????????? ?????? ????????????? ??????????? ?????????????????, ?????????? ??????????? ????????? ????????????. ???????????????? ???????????, ??????????? ?????? ?????? ????????????????. ???? ???? ??????????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????????? ?????????? ????????????????. ????????????????? ? ??????? ??????????? ?????????, ??????????????? ?????????????? ????????? ?????? ?????????????.??????? ?????? ??????? ?????????????????? ??? ??????????????????????????, ??????????? ???? ?????????? ?????????????, ???? ????????? ?????? ??????????? .

?????? [ ????????? ]

1. ↑ Registrar-General's Mid-2005 Population Estimates for Scotland
2. ↑ " St Andrew?Quick Facts " . Scotland.org?The Official Online Gateway . Retrieved 2007-12-02 .
3. ↑ http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20020329130655/http://www.statistics.gov.uk/geography/uk_countries.asp
4. ↑ "???????? ???????" (PDF) . Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-11-19 . Retrieved 2008-12-30 .
5. ↑ Devine, T.M (1999). The Scottish Nation 1700?2000 . Penguin Books. p. 9. ISBN   0140230041 . From that point on anti-union demonstrations were common in the capital. In November rioting spread to the south west, that stranglehold of strict Calvinism and covenanting tradition. The Glasgow mob rose against union sympathisers in disturbances which lasted intermittently for over a month
6. ↑ "Act of Union 1707 Mob unrest and disorder" . London: The House of Lords. 2007 . Retrieved 2007-12-23 .

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