??????? ?? ???????

??????? ?? ???????
??????? ?? ???????
	??????? 2009-?? ????????? ?????? ????????????
Leader and Guide of the Revolution
	???????
	?????? ; 1 September 1969
??????????	Mohamed Abu Al-Quasim al-Zwai show all Abdul Ati al-Obeidi ; Muhammad az-Zaruq Rajab ; Mifta al-Usta Umar ; Abdul Razzaq as-Sawsa ; Muhammad al-Zanati ; Miftah Muhammed K'eba ; Imbarek Shamekh ;
?????????????	Baghdadi Mahmudi show all Jadallah Azzuz at-Talhi ; Muhammad az-Zaruq Rajab ; Jadallah Azzuz at-Talhi ; Umar Mustafa al-Muntasir ; Abuzed Omar Dorda ; Abdul Majid al-Qa′ud ; Muhammad Ahmad al-Mangoush ; Imbarek Shamekh ; Shukri Ghanem ;
???????	Idris I *
Secretary General of the General People's Congress
	?????? ; 2 March 1977?? 2 March 1979
?????????????	Abdul Ati al-Obeidi
???????	Position established
???????	Abdul Ati al-Obeidi
Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council
	?????? ; 1 September 1969?? 2 March 1979
?????????????	Mahmud Sulayman al-Maghribi ; Abdessalam Jalloud ; Abdul Ati al-Obeidi ; Jadallah Azzuz at-Talhi
???????	Idris *
???????	Position abolished
Prime Minister of Libya
	?????? ; 16 January 1970?? 16 July 1972
???????	Mahmud Sulayman al-Maghribi
???????	Abdessalam Jalloud
Chairperson of the African Union
	?????? ; 2 February 2009?? 31 January 2010
???????	Jakaya Kikwete
???????	Bingu wa Mutharika
????????? ????????
????	7 ??? 1942 ?(81???????) ; Sirt , Italian Libya
????	??????? 20, 2011 ; ??????? ,
???????	Safia Farkash
????????	Muhammad al-Gaddafi , Saif al-Islam Muammar Al-Gaddafi , Saadi Gaddafi , Mutassim Gaddafi , Saif Al Arab, Khamis, Ayesha al-Gaddafi , Hanna
?????
???????????	Official website
	As King of Libya ;

?????????????? ???????? ????????? ??? ???????????????????? ????? ??? ?????? ??-??????? ( ???? : ???? ??????? ? Mu?ammar al-Qa???f? audio ^ⓘ; ????: ??? 7 1942 ) ???? ???? ??????? . 1951 -? ????????????? ?????????? ???? ????????? ????????????? ????????????? 1969 -? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????????????????? ???? ^[1] 42 ???????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????????????. ??? ??????? ????????????? ??????????? ?????????????? ??????????????????? ?????????????? ????? ??????????? ?????????????????? ????????? ???????????. ?????? ??????????? ???????????? ????????? ?????????????????? ?????????????????? ??????? ???????????? ?????????? ???????.

???????? ?????????

1942 ??? 7-?? ????????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ^[2]. ????????? ???????????????? ????? ???????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ???????????????????.1951-? ???????????? ???????????????????? ???????? ???????????? ?????????????????? ?????? ??????? ????????????????? ^[3]. ?????????? ??????? ??????????????????? ????????? ??????? ?????????????? ?????????. ???????? ????????????? ??????? ????????????? ????????????? ?????? 1969-? ????????? ??????? ?????????????? ^[4]^[5]. ??????? ?????? ?????????? ????????????? ??? ????????? ? ??????? ?????????.

????? ???????????? ?????? ?????????????????????? ??????? ????? ????????????? ?????????????????? ?????????????. ??????????? ???? ????? ????? ?????????? ?????????????? ?????????????????????? ^[6]. ????? ????????????????????? ???????????? ????????? ??????? ???????????????? ^[7]. 1980 ???? ????? ????????? ???????? ?????????????? ????????? ??????? ????????????????????? ^[6]. 1995-? ???????????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ???????????????? ??????? ???? ???????????? ????? ?????? ^[8]. ?????????????? ??????? ????????????? ???????????????? ^[6]. ????? ?????????????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????????????????. ?????? ??????????? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ?????????????????.

??????? ?????????

????????? ???????? ??????????? ?????????????? ??????????????? ????? ???????? ??????????????? ?????????????? ?????????????? ??????????? ????????? ?????????? ??????. ? ???????? ??????????? ?????????? ???????? ???????????? ???????? ?????????? ????????????. ?????? ??????? ????????????? ??????????? ????????? ???? ?????????? ??????. ?????? ?????? ????? ??????????????????? ??????? ???? ??????????????? ?????????? ????????? ????????????? ??????. ? ??????????? ??????? ???????????? ?????? ???????? ?????????????? ??????????????????. ?????????? 15-???? ??????????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ??????????. ???????? 42 ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ????? 2011 ??????? 20-?? ????????????? ^[9]^[10]

??????????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ??????????? ???????? ??????????????? ?????? ?????? ????????????? ??? ???????????????? ????? ?????????????? ????????????????? ??? ??????????????? ?????????? ?????????????????. ??????? ??????????????? ?????????????? ?????????????? ???????????????????. ??????? ??????????????? ?????????? ?????????????? ????????? ?????????? ??????????????? ?????? ???????????????? ?????????????? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ????? ????????? ???? ???????? ??????????? ????????? ?????????.

??????????? ?????????? ????? ????????? ????? ??????? ??????????? ????? ????? ????????????????????? ????????? ???????????????? ?????? ?????????????????. ?????????? ??????????? ?????????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ???????????????????.

???????? ?????????

2011 ??????? 24-?? ??????????? ??????????? ???????? ????????? ????????????????? ???????????? ^[11]. ????????????? ???????????????? ???????????? ??? ???????, ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ?????????? ???????????? ?????????????????? ^[12].

??????? ?????????

???????, ???? ????? ????? ??????????? ????????????????????????. ???? ?????????? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?? ???????, ????, ???????, ???????, ????? ??-????, ?????, ???? ?????????? ??? ????? ????????? ??????????? ???????. ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ????????????? ?????????????.

?????? ????????? ?????????

?????? ?????: 2011-?? ?????? ??????????????

??????????????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ????????????????????? ??????????????? ???? ????????????? ????????? ????. ????????? ???????????? ???????????????? ??? ??????? ??????????????????? ??????? ???????? ?????.

?????????????? ????????? ??????? ????????????. ? ????????? ??????? ???????????? ??????????????????. 1986-? ???????? ??? ???????????? ????? ?????????????? ????????? ?????????????????? ???????? ?????? ??????. ????? ????????????? ????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ?????????? ??????????????? ?????????? ???????? ???????????? ?????????. ????????? ???????????? ??????? ? ??????????? ??????????? ????????????????? 35 ??? ????????? ^[13].

??????? ????????????????? 1988 ?????? 21-?? ??????????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? ??? ???????????? ???????? ? ????? ??????? ???????????? ??????????????????? ?????????????? ^[14]. ? ????????? 270 ????????? ???????? ???????????????????. ????? ??????????? ?????????? ??????????? ?????????????? ??????????????? ??????? ????????????????? ??????????????? ??.??. ?????? ????????????. ? ?????? ???? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????. ??????? ??????? ?????????????? ????????????????? ??????????? ???????????? ?????????????????? ??????. ????????? ????? ??????????? ??????? ???????????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ??????. ?????? 2009-? ??????????????? ????????? ???????? ???????????????????? ??????????.

? ?????????????? ?????????? ??????????????? ?????? ????????????? ??????????. ???????????????? ??????????? ????????????? ??????????? ????? ??????? ??????????. ???????? ??????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????????? ?????????????????????? ??????? ????????????? ??????? ?????????. ? ???????? ?????????????? ???????? ??????? ????????. ????? ??????????? ???????? ?????? ????????????? ????????????????????. ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? 2009-? ???????? ????????????. ???? ???????????????? ??????????????????? ??????? ??????????? ???????????? ^[15].

???????? ?????????? ??????????????? ?? ??????????????? ??????? ??????? ???????????????. ????????? ???? ??????????? ?????????????? ??? ??????????????? ?????????????????? ??????? ??????????? ????????????????????. ?????? ????? ????????? ??????? ??????????????????????????????? ??????????? ???????? ???????? ????????????? ??????? ???????????????????. ?????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???????????? ???? ???????????? ?????????? ??????????? ?????? ???????????????. ????????? ????????????? ??? ???????? ?????????????? ??????????? ??????? ^[16]. ??????? ???????????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ???????????? 2010 ???? 27-?? ?????????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ? ???????????? ???? ??????? ??????????????? ????????????????.

2011 ??? 8-?? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????? ????????? ?????????? ????? ???? ??????????????????????. 2011 ???? 2-?? ????????? ?????????? ???????????? 100 ????? ????????? ???????? ????????????? ??????????????????? ????????? ? ??????????? ??????? ????????? ??????????????? ????????? ??????? ?????????? ????????????. ?????????????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?????????????? ??????????? ?????????????????.

???????:Muammar Gaddafi, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.jpg

2009-? ????????? ??????? ???????????????????? (???????? ???????)

???????????? ???????????????? ??????????????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ?????????? ?????????????? ^[17]. ?????? ??????????? ??????? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????????????? ????????????? ??????????????????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??. ?????? ????? ??? ????????????????????. ?????? ????????? ????????????? ?????? ??????????? ????????????????? ??????? ???????????? ????? ???????????????. ???????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???????????????????.

1996-? ?????? ????????????? ????? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ???????????????? ^[18]. ????????? ????????????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ?????????????? ????????????? ?????? ???????????? ??????? ?????????. ?????? ??????? ??????????????????? ????????????? ???????????? ?? ???????? ? ??????? ?????????? ??????????????? ?????????? ???????????? ??????? ????????????????? ??????. ?????????????????????? ??????????????????????????? ???????? ??????? ???????????????????. ????????? ????????????????? ????????? ?????????????? ????? ???????? ???????????????? ??????. ?????? ????????? ???????????????????????? ?????? ??????? ???????????????? ??????.

2011 ????? ?????????? ?????????????????? ????????? ???????? ??????????? ???????????? ?????????????. ???????? ???? ??????? ?????????????????? ?????? ??????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????????????????. ?????????????????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ??????????? ????????????? ???????? ??????????????????. ????? ???? ????????? ?????? ???????????????? ????????????? ???????? ??????? ??????????????. ???????????????????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???????????????????. ??????? ??????????? ??????? ????? ??????????? ???????????????????? ???????.

?????? ?????????

↑ Salak, Kira. "National Geographic article about Libya" . National Geographic Adventure.
↑ Muammar Qaddafi
↑ "The History of Exploratation of the Petroleum Geology of Libya" . Archived from the original on 2011-06-15 . Retrieved 2011-10-29 .
↑ "???????????" . ??????? ????????????? ????? 716. 2011 ????? 14 . Retrieved 2013 ?????? 03 . {{ cite news }}: Check date values in: |accessdate= and |date= ( help )
↑ Muammar Gaddafi (1942 - 2011)
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 "???????????" . ??????? ????????????? ????? 717. 2011 ????? 21 . Retrieved 2013 ?????? 06 . {{ cite news }}: Check date values in: |accessdate= and |date= ( help )
↑ "Gaddafi Loved Virgin Female Bodyguards, Ukrainian Nurses" . Archived from the original on 2011-10-27 . Retrieved 2011-10-26 .
↑ Brazilian surgeon claims he injected Gaddafi's belly fat into his face
↑ Muammar Gaddafi died from gunshot wound, says postmortem doctor
↑ " "??????? ?????????????"- [[???????]] ????? 201, ??????? 20" . Archived from the original on 2011-10-22 . Retrieved 2011-10-20 .
↑ "Gaddafi buried in secret site under cover of darkness" . Archived from the original on 2012-07-22 . Retrieved 2012-07-22 .
↑ "??????????? ??????? ????????? ????????????, ???????? 2011 ??????? 26" . Archived from the original on 2011-10-28 . Retrieved 2011-10-26 .
↑ Timeline of Muammar Gaddafi ^{[
???????????????? ?????
]}
↑ "Muammar Gaddafi ordered Lockerbie bombing, says Libyan ministerRead" . Archived from the original on 2011-02-26 . Retrieved 2011-10-25 .
↑ UN general assembly, 100 minutes in the life of Muammar Gaddafi
↑ "City of Gaddafi's birth and death buried under rubble" . Archived from the original on 2011-10-26 . Retrieved 2011-10-27 .
↑ Pakistan's Nuclear Weapons Program
↑ Gaddafi Killed Over a Thousand People in 1996 and Nobody Had Anything to Say About it: Libyan Abu Salim Prison and Mass Grave Location

????? ????????? ??????? ?????????

Official personal website Archived 2008-01-15 at the Wayback Machine .
??????????? ???? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????
????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????????? ( ??????????? ?????????)
Collected material at Answers.com

????????????

The NS Profile: Muammar al-Gaddafi , Sholto Byrnes, New Statesman , 27 August 2009
Libya's Last Bedouin Archived 2010-10-30 at the Wayback Machine ., Rudolph Chimelli, Qantara.de , 2 September 2009
Gaddafi: The Last Supervillain? Archived 2010-08-18 at the Wayback Machine ., slideshow by Life magazine
Gaddafi's 40th Anniversary Archived 2011-04-05 at the Wayback Machine ., slideshow by The First Post

??????
New title	Leader and Guide of the Revolution of Libya 1969?? present	Incumbent
New title	Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council of Libya 1969?? 1979	??????? Position dissolved
??????? Mahmud Sulayman al-Maghribi	Prime Minister of Libya 1970?? 1972	??????? Abdessalam Jalloud
New title	General Secretary of the General People's Congress of Libya 1977?? 1979	??????? Abdul Ati al-Obeidi
Diplomatic posts
??????? Jakaya Kikwete Tanzania	Chairman of the African Union 2009?? 2010	??????? Bingu wa Mutharika Malawi

[SalakLibya-1] Salak, Kira. "National Geographic article about Libya" . National Geographic Adventure.

[2] Muammar Qaddafi

[3] "The History of Exploratation of the Petroleum Geology of Libya" . Archived from the original on 2011-06-15 . Retrieved 2011-10-29 .

[4] "???????????" . ??????? ????????????? ????? 716. 2011 ????? 14 . Retrieved 2013 ?????? 03 . {{ cite news }}: Check date values in: |accessdate= and |date= ( help )

[5] Muammar Gaddafi (1942 - 2011)

[മാധ്യമം-6] 6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 "???????????" . ??????? ????????????? ????? 717. 2011 ????? 21 . Retrieved 2013 ?????? 06 . {{ cite news }}: Check date values in: |accessdate= and |date= ( help )

[7] "Gaddafi Loved Virgin Female Bodyguards, Ukrainian Nurses" . Archived from the original on 2011-10-27 . Retrieved 2011-10-26 .

[8] Brazilian surgeon claims he injected Gaddafi's belly fat into his face

[9] Muammar Gaddafi died from gunshot wound, says postmortem doctor

[10] " "??????? ?????????????"- [[???????]] ????? 201, ??????? 20" . Archived from the original on 2011-10-22 . Retrieved 2011-10-20 .

[11] "Gaddafi buried in secret site under cover of darkness" . Archived from the original on 2012-07-22 . Retrieved 2012-07-22 .

[12] "??????????? ??????? ????????? ????????????, ???????? 2011 ??????? 26" . Archived from the original on 2011-10-28 . Retrieved 2011-10-26 .

[13] Timeline of Muammar Gaddafi ^{[
???????????????? ?????
]}

[14] "Muammar Gaddafi ordered Lockerbie bombing, says Libyan ministerRead" . Archived from the original on 2011-02-26 . Retrieved 2011-10-25 .

[15] UN general assembly, 100 minutes in the life of Muammar Gaddafi

[16] "City of Gaddafi's birth and death buried under rubble" . Archived from the original on 2011-10-26 . Retrieved 2011-10-27 .

[17] Pakistan's Nuclear Weapons Program

[18] Gaddafi Killed Over a Thousand People in 1996 and Nobody Had Anything to Say About it: Libyan Abu Salim Prison and Mass Grave Location

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

??????? ?? ???????
??????? 2009-?? ????????? ?????? ????????????

Leader and Guide of the Revolution
???????
?????? 1 September 1969
??????????	Mohamed Abu Al-Quasim al-Zwai show all Abdul Ati al-Obeidi Muhammad az-Zaruq Rajab Mifta al-Usta Umar Abdul Razzaq as-Sawsa Muhammad al-Zanati Miftah Muhammed K'eba Imbarek Shamekh
?????????????	Baghdadi Mahmudi show all Jadallah Azzuz at-Talhi Muhammad az-Zaruq Rajab Jadallah Azzuz at-Talhi Umar Mustafa al-Muntasir Abuzed Omar Dorda Abdul Majid al-Qa′ud Muhammad Ahmad al-Mangoush Imbarek Shamekh Shukri Ghanem
???????	Idris I *
Secretary General of the General People's Congress
?????? 2 March 1977?? 2 March 1979
?????????????	Abdul Ati al-Obeidi
???????	Position established
???????	Abdul Ati al-Obeidi
Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council
?????? 1 September 1969?? 2 March 1979
?????????????	Mahmud Sulayman al-Maghribi Abdessalam Jalloud Abdul Ati al-Obeidi Jadallah Azzuz at-Talhi
???????	Idris *
???????	Position abolished
Prime Minister of Libya
?????? 16 January 1970?? 16 July 1972
???????	Mahmud Sulayman al-Maghribi
???????	Abdessalam Jalloud
Chairperson of the African Union
?????? 2 February 2009?? 31 January 2010
???????	Jakaya Kikwete
???????	Bingu wa Mutharika

????????? ????????
????	( 1942-06-07 ) 7 ??? 1942 ?(81???????) Sirt , Italian Libya
????	??????? 20, 2011 ??????? ,
???????	Safia Farkash
????????	Muhammad al-Gaddafi , Saif al-Islam Muammar Al-Gaddafi , Saadi Gaddafi , Mutassim Gaddafi , Saif Al Arab, Khamis, Ayesha al-Gaddafi , Hanna
?????
???????????	Official website
As King of Libya