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Italian language
italiano , lingua italiana
????? [ita?ljaːno]
?????? ?????????? ??????? , ????? ( ?????? (??????) and southern ????????? (??????) ), ??? ?????? , ??????? , Slovenian Istria ( ???????? ), Istria County ( ???????? )
????? Italy, ?????? (??????) and southern Graubunden , Slovenian Littoral , western Istria
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67 million native speakers in the ?????? ??????? (2020) [?] [?]  ( ???? ????? )
L2 speakers in the European Union: 13.4 million
?  85 million total speakers
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Latin ( Italian alphabet )
Italian Braille
Italiano segnato "(Signed Italian)" [?]
italiano segnato esatto "(Signed Exact Italian)" [?]
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4 countries

2 regions

An order and various organisations
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?????????? Accademia della Crusca ( de facto )
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ISO 639-1 it
ISO 639-2 ita
ISO 639-3 ita
Glottolog ital1282
Linguasphere 51-AAA-q
   Main language
   Former official language
   Presence of Italian-speaking communities
?? ?????? IPA ?????? ????????? ???. ?????? ???? ??????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ? ?? ???? ??????? ????????.

????????? ? ????? ????????? ????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ??????????? ????? ? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ???.

???? ????? ????? ?? (????):
    ????? ???? (63.5%)
    ?????? ???? (22.5%)
   ??????? ???? (8.1%)
    ?????? ???? (0.5%)


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  1. ^ ?????? ????? ????? <ref> ???????? ???? ???? ????????? ?? ??? forbes ???? ???? ???
  2. ^ ?????? ????? ????? <ref> ???????? ???? ???? ????????? ?? ??? europa2012 ???? ???? ???
  3. ^ Centro documentazione per l'integrazione . Cdila.it. ???????????22 October 2015.
  4. ^ Centro documentazione per l'integrazione . Cdila.it. ???????????22 October 2015.
  5. ^ Pope Francis to receive Knights of Malta grand master Thursday - English (21 June 2016). ???????????16 October 2019.

???????? [ ???????? ]

  • Ashby, Patricia (2011), Understanding Phonetics , Understanding Language series, Routledge, ISBN   978-0340928271
  • Bertinetto, Pier Marco; Loporcaro, Michele (2005). "The sound pattern of Standard Italian, as compared with the varieties spoken in Florence, Milan and Rome" (PDF) . Journal of the International Phonetic Association . 35 (2): 131?151. doi : 10.1017/S0025100305002148 . 2016-03-03-?? ???????? (PDF) -?? ?????????????????? . 2020-05-04 -?? ???????? . {{ cite journal }} : |archive-date= / |archive-url= ??? ????????? ????????????? ( ???? ) ; Invalid |ref=harv ( ???? )
  • Canepari, Luciano (1992), Il MªPi ? Manuale di pronuncia italiana [ Handbook of Italian Pronunciation ] (in Italian), Bologna: Zanichelli, ISBN   978-88-08-24624-0 {{ citation }} : CS1 maint: unrecognized language ( link )
  • Berloco, Fabrizio (2018). The Big Book of Italian Verbs: 900 Fully Conjugated Verbs in All Tenses. With IPA Transcription, 2nd Edition . Lengu. ISBN   978-8894034813 . {{ cite book }} : Invalid |ref=harv ( ???? )
  • Palermo, Massimo (2015). Linguistica italiana . Il Mulino. ISBN   978-8815258847 . {{ cite book }} : Invalid |ref=harv ( ???? )
  • Simone, Raffaele (2010). Enciclopedia dell'italiano . Treccani. {{ cite book }} : Invalid |ref=harv ( ???? )
  • Hall, Robert A. Jr. (1944). "Italian phonemes and orthography" . Italica . American Association of Teachers of Italian. 21 (2): 72?82. doi : 10.2307/475860 . JSTOR   475860 . {{ cite journal }} : Invalid |ref=harv ( ???? )
  • Rogers, Derek; d'Arcangeli, Luciana (2004). "Italian" . Journal of the International Phonetic Association . 34 (1): 117?121. doi : 10.1017/S0025100304001628 . {{ cite journal }} : Invalid |ref=harv ( ???? )
  • M. Vitale, Studi di Storia della Lingua Italiana , LED Edizioni Universitarie, Milano, 1992, ???????????   88-7916-015-X
  • S. Morgana, Capitoli di Storia Linguistica Italiana , LED Edizioni Universitarie, Milano, 2003, ???????????   88-7916-211-X
  • J. Kinder, CLIC: Cultura e Lingua d'Italia in CD-ROM / Culture and Language of Italy on CD-ROM , Interlinea, Novara, 2008, ???????????   978-88-8212-637-7
  • Treccani Italian Dictionary (iso) . {{ cite book }} : |website= ignored ( ???? ) (with a similar list of other Italian-modern languages dictionaries)

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