Ronald Reagan

Ronald Reagan
	; Rasmiy portret (1981)
40- Amerika Qo?shma Shtatlari Prezidenti
	Mansab davri ; 20-yanvar 1981-yil ? 20-yanvar 1989-yil
O?tmishdoshi	Jimmy Carter
Vorisi	George H. W. Bush
33- Kaliforniya gubernatori
	Mansab davri ; 2-yanvar 1967-yil ? 6-yanvar 1975-yil
O?tmishdoshi	Pat Brown
Vorisi	Jerry Brown
Shaxsiy ma?lumotlari
Tavalludi	Ronald Wilson Reagan ; 6-fevral 1911-yil ; Tampico , Illinois , AQSh
Vafoti	5-iyun 2004-yil ; (93 yoshda) ; Los Angeles , Kaliforniya , AQSh
Fuqaroligi	AQSh
Siyosiy partiyasi	Respublikachilar (1962-yildan)
Boshqa siyosiy ; birlashmalari	Demokratlar (1962-yilgacha)
Bo?yi	185 sm
Turmush o?rtog?i	Jane Wyman ; ( turm. 1940; ajr. 1949) ; Nancy Davis ( turm. 1952) ;
Bolalari	Maureen Reagan, Patti Davis, Ron Reagan, Christine Reagan
Ota-onasi	Jack Reagan ; Nelle Wilson Reagan ;
Ta?lim	Eureka kolleji
Kasbi	Siyosatchi ; aktyor ; muallif ; radioeshittiruv boshlovchisi ;
Imzosi

Ronald Wilson Reagan ( talaffuzi: Ronald Uilson Reygan ; 6-fevral 1911-yil ? 5-iyun 2004-yil ) amerikalik siyosatchi bo?lib, 1980-yildan 1988-yilga qadar Amerika Qo?shma Shtatlarining 40- prezidenti lavozimini bajargan. Respublikachilar partiyasi a?zosi bo?lgan Reagan bungacha 1967-yildan 1967-yilga qadar Kaliforniya shtatining 33-gubernatori vazifasida faoliyat yuritgan. U, shunigdek, Hollywood aktyori va kasaba uyushmasi prezidenti sifatida ham tanilgan.

Reagan Illinois shtatining Tampico shahrida qasshoq oilada dunyoga kelgan. 1932-yili u Eureka kollejini tugatdi va Iowa shtatidagi radiostansiyalarda sport sharhlovchisi sifatida ishlashni boshladi. 1937-yili Reagan Kaliforniya shtatiga ko?chib o?tdi hamda aktyor sifatida ish topib, bir nechta filmlarda rol ijro etdi. 1947-yildan 1952-yilgacha Reagan Screen Actors Guild (?Kino aktyorlari gildiyasi“) prezidenti vazifasini bajardi. 1950-yillarda u televideniyedagi faoliyatini boshlab, General Electric shirkati vakili sifatida ishladi. 1959-yildan 1960-yilga qadar qayta Screen Actors Guild prezidenti o?laroq faoliyat yuritdi. 1964-yilga kelib, Reagan Respublikachilardan Barry Goldwaterning prezidentlik saylovoldi kurashida faol qatnashdi. Bu saylovoldi kurash davomidagi mashhur ?A Time for Choosing“ (?Tanlov vaqti“) nomli nutqi ortidan Reagan konservativ arbob o?laroq obro?-e?tibor qozondi. O?ziga ancha tarafdorlar yig?ib olgan Reagan 1966-yili Kaliforniya shtati gubernatori etib saylandi. Gubernatorlik davrida u soliqlarni oshirdi, shtat budjeti defitsitini profitsitga aylantirdi, UC Berkeleydagi namoyishchilarga qarshi chiqib, norozilik namoyishlari paytida Milliy gvardiya qo?shinini u yerga kiritishga buyruq berdi.

1979-yil noyabrda Reagan 1980-yilgi prezidentlik saylovlarida Respublikachilar partiyasidan nomzod sifatida qatnashishini bildirdi. U saylovda Demokratlar partiyasidan amaldagi prezident Jimmy Carter ustidan g?alaba qozondi. 69 yoshida prezidentlik lavozimiga kirishgan Reagan AQSh tarixidagi eng keksa prezident bo?ldi. U 1984-yilgi prezidentlik saylovlarida ham qatnashib, Demokratlar partiyasidan nomzod Walter Mondaleni mag?lub etdi va ikkinchi muddatga qayta prezident etib saylandi. Mondale Carter prezidentligi davrida vitse-prezident vazifasini bajargan. ^[2]

Prezidentlik davrida Reagan ?konservativ inqilob“ siyosatini e?lon qilib, 70-yillarda yuz bergan iqtisodiy muammoni hal qilish yo?llarini ko?rsatdi, u tarixda ?reyganomika“ deb nom oldi. Unga ko?ra, soliqlarning miqdori kamaytirilgan, investitsiyalarga to?siq bo?lgan davlat yo?riqnomalarini bekor qilish yoki ixchamlashtirish va shu yo?l bilan iqtisodning o?sishini ta?minlash ko?zda tutilgan. Soliqlar birinchi yili 25 % qolgan, 2 yil mobaynida 10 %dan kamaytirilgan. Reygan tashqi siyosatda Afg?onistonga bostirib kirgan Sovet Ittifoqiga nisbatan ?yovuzlik imperiyasi“ siyosatini o?tkazdi. 1983-yilda Grenada oroli bosib olindi, 1986-yilda Liviya havodan bombardimon qilindi. ^[3]

Dastlabki hayoti [ tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash ]

Ronald Wilson Reagan 1911-yil 6-fevralda Illinois shtatining Tampico shahrida dunyoga keldi. Otasi Jack Reagan , onase esa Nelle Clyde (qizlik familiyasi Wilson) bo?lib, Ronald ularning kenja o?g?li bo?lgan. ^[4] Jack sotuvchi bo?lib, uning ota-onasi (Ronaldning bobo va buvisi) Irlandiyaning Tipperary grafligidan ko?chib kelgan immigrantlar bo?lgan. ^[5] Nelle esa kelib chiqishiga ko?ra, ingliz va shotland millatlariga mansub ajdodlarga ega bo?lgan. ^[6] Ronaldning akasi Neil Reagan bo?lib, u reklama sohasida ishlagan. ^[7]

Reaganning otasi o?g?liga niderlandcha soch turmagi ortidan ?niderland“ deb laqab qo?ygan. ^[8] Reaganning oilasi moliyaviy sabablarga ko?ra, tez-tez Illinois shtatidagi bir nechta shaharlarga ( Monmouth , Galesburg va Chicago) ko?chib, yashash manzillarini o?zgartirib turardi. ^[9] 1919-yili uning oilasi Tampico shahriga qaytishdi. Oila bu shahardagi H. C. Pitney Variety do?koni yuqorisida Illinois shtatining Dixon shahriga ko?chishgunga qadar istiqomat qilishdi. ^[4]^[10]

Aktyor sifatida karyerasi [ tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash ]

Reagan 1932-yili Eureka kollejini tamomlab, Iowa shtatidagi radiostansiyalarda sport sharhlovchisi sifatida ishlaydi. ^[11]

Warner Bros. studiyasi bilan yetti yillik shartnoma imzoladi. ^[12]^[13]

U aktyor o?laroq ilk rolini 1937-yilda suratga olingan Love Is on the Air filmida jonlantirdi. 1939-yil oxiriga kelib, 19 ta filmda suratga tushdi. ^[14] 1940-yilda Santa Fe Trail filmida suratga tushishidan avval u Knute Rockne, All American filmida George Gipp obrazini gavdalantirdi; buning ortidan ?Gipper“ taxallusini oldi. ^[15] 1941-yili eksponentlar ovoziga ko?ra, Reagan Hollywooddagi yosh avlodning beshinchi eng mashhur yulduzi, deb topildi. ^[16]

Filmografiyasi [ tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash ]

Love is on the Air filmi treyleri (1937)

Kings Row (1942)

Ronald Reagan va Joan Leslie This is the Army (1943) filmida

Ronald Reagan va Nancy Davis Hellcats of the Navy (1957) filmida.

Ronald Reagan suratga tushgan filmlar
Yil	Nom	Rol	Izohlar/Manbalar
1937	Love Is on the Air	Andy McCaine	Film debyut; Warner Brothers
1937	Hollywood Hotel	Radio Announcer	ovoz bergan
1938	Sergeant Murphy	Zobit Dennis Reilley
	Swing Your Lady	Jack Miller
	Accidents Will Happen	Eric Gregg
	Cowboy from Brooklyn	Pat Dunn
	The Amazing Dr. Clitterhouse	Radio sharhlovchi	ovoz bergan
	Boy Meets Girl	Radio Announcer at Premiere	ovoz bergan
	Girls on Probation	Neil Dillon
	Brother Rat	Dan Crawford	Rafiqasi Jane Wyman bilan
	Going Places	Jack Withering
1939	Secret Service of the Air	Lieutenant ?Brass“ Bancroft	Bancroft filmlar seriyasining birinchisi
	Dark Victory	Alec Hamm
	Code of the Secret Service	Lieutenant ?Brass“ Bancroft	Bancroft filmlar seriyasining ikkinchisi
	Naughty but Nice	Ed ?Eddie“ Clark
	Hell’s Kitchen	Jim Donohue
	The Angels Wash Their Faces	Okrug prokurori Patrick ?Pat“ Remson
	Smashing the Money Ring	Lieutenant ?Brass“ Bancroft	Bancroft filmlar seriyasining uchinchisi
	Sword Fishing	sharhlovchi	ovoz bergan
1940	Brother Rat and a Baby	Dan Crawford	Rafiqasi Jane Wyman bilan
	An Angel from Texas	Marty Allen	Rafiqasi Jane Wyman bilan
	Murder in the Air	Lieutenant ?Brass“ Bancroft	Bancroft filmlar seriyasining to?rtinchisi
	Knute Rockne, All American	George ?The Gipper“ Gipp	"Win One for the Gipper"
	Tugboat Annie Sails Again	Eddie Kent	Rafiqais Jane Wyman bilan
	Alice in Movieland	o?zi	Filmdan bu sahna olib tashlangan ^[17]
	Santa Fe Trail	George Armstrong Custer
1941	The Bad Man	Gilbert ?Gil“ Jones	Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
	Million Dollar Baby	Peter ?Pete“ Rowan
	International Squadron	Jimmy Grant
	Nine Lives Are Not Enough	Matt Saywer
1942	Recognition of the Japanese Zero Fighter	Lt. Saunders	Qisqa hajmli film
	Kings Row	Drake McHugh	?Eng yaxshi film“ nominatsiyasida Oscarga nomzod
	Juke Girl	Steve Talbo
	Mister Gardenia Jones	Gardenia Jones
	Desperate Journey	Johnny Hammond
	Beyond the Line of Duty ^[18]	sharhlovchi	ovoz bergan
1943	Cadet Classification	sharhlovchi	Qisqa hajmli film
	The Rear Gunner ^[18]	Lieutenant Ames
	For God and Country	Father Michael O?Keefe	Qisqa hajmli film
	This Is the Army	Cpl. Johnny Jones
1945	Target Tokyo	sharhlovchi ^[18]^[19]	ovoz bergan
	The Fight for the Sky	sharhlovchi	ovoz bergan qisqa hajmli film
	The Stilwell Road	sharhlovchi	ovoz bergan
	Wings for This Man	sharhlovchi	ovoz bergan
1947	Stallion Road	Larry Hanrahan
	That Hagen Girl	Tom Bates
	The ovoz bergan of the Turtle	Sergeant Bill Page	One for the Book
1949	John Loves Mary	John Lawrence
	Night Unto Night	John Galen
	The Girl from Jones Beach	Bob Randolph
	The Hasty Heart	Yank
	It?s a Great Feeling	Cameo
1950	Louisa	Harold ?Hal“ Norton
1951	The Big Truth	sharhlovchi/boshlovchi	ovoz bergan
	Storm Warning	Burt Rainey
	The Last Outpost	Captain Vance Britten	boshqa nomi Cavalry Charge ; Paramount Pictures
	Bedtime for Bonzo	Professor Peter Boyd	Universal
1952	Hong Kong	Jeff Williams	Paramount Pictures
	The Winning Team	Grover Cleveland Alexander	Warner Brothers
	She?s Working Her Way Through College	Professor John Palmer	Warner Brothers
1953	Tropic Zone	Dan McCloud	Paramount Pictures
1953	Law and Order	Frame Johnson	Universal
1954	Prisoner of War	Webb Sloane	Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
1954	Cattle Queen of Montana	Farrell	RKO Radio Pictures
1955	Tennessee?s Partner	Cowpoke	RKO Radio Pictures
1957	Hellcats of the Navy	Commander Casey Abbott	Co-starring Nancy Davis; Columbia Pictures
1961	The Young Doctors	sharhlovchi	ovoz bergan; United Artists
1963	Heritage of Splendor	sharhlovchi	ovoz bergan qisqa hajmli film
1964	The Killers	Jack Browning	Final film, Universal

Galereya [ tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash ]

tax. 1916-17-yillar. Chapdan o?ngga: Jack (ota), Neil (aka), Reagan va Nelle (ona)
1920-yillar. Illinois shtati Dixon shahri.
tax. 1960 . General Electric teatri
1976-yil. Reagan Rancho del Cielo shahridagi uyida.
1985-yil. Ikkinchi rasmiy portreti.

Manbalar [ tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash ]

↑ Sullivan, Colin. ?Jerry Brown's Environmental Record Runs Deep“ . The New York Times (8-oktabr 2010-yil). Qaraldi: 29-oktabr 2020-yil.
↑ Murse, Tom ?The Most Lopsided Presidential Elections in U.S. History: How a Landslide is Measured“ . ThoughtCo (28-yanvar 2019-yil). Qaraldi: 9-mart 2019-yil.
↑ O?zME . Birinchi jild. Toshkent, 2000-yil
↑ ^4,0 ^4,1 ?Main Street Historic District, National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form“ . Illinois Historic Preservation Agency (1-aprel 1982-yil). 7-avgust 2007-yilda asl nusxadan arxivlangan . Qaraldi: 27-iyul 2007-yil.
↑ Terry Golway, Ronald Reagan?s America (2008) p. 1.
↑ Kengor, p. 4.
↑ Lynette Holloway.. ?Neil Reagan, 88, Ad Executive And Jovial Brother of President“ . The New York Times (13-dekabr 1996-yil). Qaraldi: 22-mart 2009-yil.
↑ ?Facts about Ronald Reagan“ . Ronald Reagan Presidential Library and Museum. Qaraldi: 24-mart 2019-yil.
↑ Janssen, Kim. ?Is Ronald Reagan's Chicago boyhood home doomed?“ . Chicago Sun-Times . 2-dekabr 2011-yilda asl nusxadan arxivlangan . Qaraldi: 12-iyun 2012-yil.
↑ Schribman, David.. ?Reagan, all-American, dies at 93“ . The Boston Globe (6-iyun 2004-yil). Qaraldi: 17-yanvar 2008-yil.
↑ Brands, Reagan (2015) pp. 24-31.
↑ Brands, Reagan (2015) pp. 35-41.
↑ Cannon, Lou. . ?Actor, Governor, President, Icon“ (6-iyun 2004-yil), s. A01. Qaraldi: 26-yanvar 2008-yil.
↑ ?Ronald Reagan > Hollywood Years“ . Ronald Reagan Presidential Foundation. 12-mart 2007-yilda asl nusxadan arxivlangan . Qaraldi: 28-mart 2007-yil.
↑ Cannon & Beschloss (2001), p. 15.
↑ ?Cupid's Influence on the Film Box-office.“ . Melbourne, Vic.: National Library of Australia (4-oktabr 1941-yil), s. 7 Supplement: The Argus Week?end Magazine. Qaraldi: 24-aprel 2012-yil.
↑ Stephanie Thames. ?Jean Negulesco Shorts“ . Turner Entertainment Networks. Qaraldi: 20-iyun 2012-yil.
↑ ^18,0 ^18,1 ^18,2 Helfer, Andrew (author), Steve Buccatello (artist), and Joe Station (artist). Ronald Reagan: A Graphic Biography . Hill and Wang . 25.
↑ " Target Tokyo ( Wayback Machine saytida 30-avgust 2016-yil sanasida arxivlangan )." Victory in the Pacific . PBS . Accessed 9-oktabr 2008-yil.

O?qish uchun [ tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash ]

Reagan, Nancy; Novak, William . My Turn: The Memoirs of Nancy Reagan . New York: Random House, 1989. ISBN 978-0-394-56368-8 . H. W. Brands Reagan: The Life (2015) p. 743 says ?she wrote one of the most candid and at times self-critical memoirs in recent American political history.“
Reagan, Ronald . An American Life . New York: Simon & Schuster, 1990. ISBN 978-0-6716-9198-1 .
Reagan, Nancy . I Love You, Ronnie: The Letters of Ronald Reagan to Nancy Reagan . New York: Random House, 2002. ISBN 978-0-375-76051-8 .
Reagan, Ronald . Reagan: A Life in Letters . New York: Simon & Schuster, 2003. ISBN 978-0-7432-1967-9 .
Reagan, Ronald . The Reagan Diaries . New York: HarperCollins, 2007. ISBN 978-0-0608-7600-5 .

Johns, Andrew L., ed. A Companion to Ronald Reagan (Wiley-Blackwell, 2015). xiv, 682 pp.; topical essays by scholars emphasizing historiography; contents free at many libraries
Kengor, Paul. ?Reagan among the professors: His surprising reputation.“ Policy Review 98 (1999): 15+. Reports that " many articles in the top journals have been fair, as have a number of influential books…from respected historians, presidential scholars, and political scientists?people who were not Reagan supporters and are certainly not right-wingers.

Havolalar [ tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash ]

Ronald Reagan Jamg?armasi ^(ingl.)
Oq uy biografiyasi ^(ingl.)
Ronald Reagan va uning merosi Eureka kollejida ^(ingl.)
Ronald Reagan IMDbda

[1] Sullivan, Colin. ?Jerry Brown's Environmental Record Runs Deep“ . The New York Times (8-oktabr 2010-yil). Qaraldi: 29-oktabr 2020-yil.

[murse1-2] Murse, Tom ?The Most Lopsided Presidential Elections in U.S. History: How a Landslide is Measured“ . ThoughtCo (28-yanvar 2019-yil). Qaraldi: 9-mart 2019-yil.

[3] O?zME . Birinchi jild. Toshkent, 2000-yil

[nrhp-4] 4,0 ^4,1 ?Main Street Historic District, National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form“ . Illinois Historic Preservation Agency (1-aprel 1982-yil). 7-avgust 2007-yilda asl nusxadan arxivlangan . Qaraldi: 27-iyul 2007-yil.

[5] Terry Golway, Ronald Reagan?s America (2008) p. 1.

[pk_4-6] Kengor, p. 4.

[7] Lynette Holloway.. ?Neil Reagan, 88, Ad Executive And Jovial Brother of President“ . The New York Times (13-dekabr 1996-yil). Qaraldi: 22-mart 2009-yil.

[RRfacts-8] ?Facts about Ronald Reagan“ . Ronald Reagan Presidential Library and Museum. Qaraldi: 24-mart 2019-yil.

[9] Janssen, Kim. ?Is Ronald Reagan's Chicago boyhood home doomed?“ . Chicago Sun-Times . 2-dekabr 2011-yilda asl nusxadan arxivlangan . Qaraldi: 12-iyun 2012-yil.

[10] Schribman, David.. ?Reagan, all-American, dies at 93“ . The Boston Globe (6-iyun 2004-yil). Qaraldi: 17-yanvar 2008-yil.

[11] Brands, Reagan (2015) pp. 24-31.

[12] Brands, Reagan (2015) pp. 35-41.

[agpi-13] Cannon, Lou. . ?Actor, Governor, President, Icon“ (6-iyun 2004-yil), s. A01. Qaraldi: 26-yanvar 2008-yil.

[14] ?Ronald Reagan > Hollywood Years“ . Ronald Reagan Presidential Foundation. 12-mart 2007-yilda asl nusxadan arxivlangan . Qaraldi: 28-mart 2007-yil.

[Cannon15-15] Cannon & Beschloss (2001), p. 15.

[16] ?Cupid's Influence on the Film Box-office.“ . Melbourne, Vic.: National Library of Australia (4-oktabr 1941-yil), s. 7 Supplement: The Argus Week?end Magazine. Qaraldi: 24-aprel 2012-yil.

[17] Stephanie Thames. ?Jean Negulesco Shorts“ . Turner Entertainment Networks. Qaraldi: 20-iyun 2012-yil.

[Helfer25-18] 18,0 ^18,1 ^18,2 Helfer, Andrew (author), Steve Buccatello (artist), and Joe Station (artist). Ronald Reagan: A Graphic Biography . Hill and Wang . 25.

[PBS-19] " Target Tokyo ( Wayback Machine saytida 30-avgust 2016-yil sanasida arxivlangan )." Victory in the Pacific . PBS . Accessed 9-oktabr 2008-yil.

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