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????? ?????? ( ?????? : Naguib Mahfouz ; ?? ????????, ???? – ?? ?????,????) ???? ??? ??????????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ???????? ?'??? ???? ????? ??????? ??????????? ? ?????? ??????-????? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ? ???? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ????????? ????? ????? ???? [1] ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ??????, ??????? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????????? ???? ?????? ???? ???????-?????? ???????, ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ????????? ???????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ??????????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? [2]

?????????? ???? [ ???????? ??? ]

???? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????????? ????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????-???? ???????? ??? ??????? '?????-??????' ( Old-fashioned ) ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ??????????? ????? ????????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ??? ???????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? [3]

??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ????-????? ???? ????-???? ?????? ??? ??????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ?????????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ??, "???? ??? ??????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?'? ????, ????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? " [3]

????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????, ???? ??????, ?????? ????? ??? ??????????-?????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? [4]

?????? ????????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ??????????? ??????????????? (?????? ????? ??????????????) ???????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??????????????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? [5]

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?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??????????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???? [6] ???? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ???????????? ??????? ?????? ???????????? ???, ??????? "????????? ??????? ???? ??????????"? ???????, ??? ???????? ?????????? ???????????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???????? ???? ???? [7]

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????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????????? ????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ????????? ????????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? [9]

???? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? "??? ???????? ?? ????????" ???????? ???? ????????????? ????????? '??-?????'? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??, ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????-?????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? [10]

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???? ??? ?????? ???????? ?'??? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ???????? ??, ???????? ???? ?'??? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?'??? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??, "?'??? ????? ??????????? ??? ????? ????????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????????????? ????????? ???????? ?'? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?'??? ???? ????? ?????? ??????????????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ???-???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ???? ???????? " [12]

?????? [ ???????? ??? ]

???? ??? ????? ???????? "??????? ???????"? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? "??? ???????? ?? ????????"? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ??? ????????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ??, ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?'?? ??-???? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ??????????????? ???????? ??? ?'?? ?????????? ???? ??? ??? ??????????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ????????? ???? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? [13]

????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????-???? ???? ?????? ?'?? ?????????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ???????? ?????? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ??????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????-???? ?????? ??????? ???? [14]

???? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????????, ????????????? ??? ???????? ????? ???????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? [15]

????????? [ ???????? ??? ]

  1. ↑ Haim Gordon. Naguib Mahfouz's Egypt: Existential Themes in His Writings . doi : 10.1336/0313268762 . Archived from the original on 2007-09-27 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070927042834/http://doi.contentdirections.com/mr/greenwood.jsp?doi=10.1336%2F0313268762 ? ???? ??? ????: 2007-04-26 .  
  2. ↑ https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/2944961
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Rasheed El-Enany (25 June 1993). Naguib Mahfouz: The Pursuit of Meaning . Psychology Press. ISBN   978-0-415-07395-0 . https://books.google.com/books?id=Hit7oPTOKf0C ? ???? ??? ????: 25 September 2012 .  
  4. ↑ Charlotte El Shabrawy (Summer 1992). "Naguib Mahfouz, The Art of Fiction No. 129" . The Paris Review . http://www.theparisreview.org/interviews/2062/the-art-of-fiction-no-129-naguib-mahfouz ? ???? ??? ????: September 25, 2012 .  
  5. ↑ https://alchetron.com/Naguib-Mahfouz
  6. ↑ El-Enany, Rasheed. "Naguib Mahfouz: His Life and Times". Cairo :AUC Press, 2007. pp 170-174
  7. ↑ Tore Frangsmyr; Sture Allen (1993). Nobel Lectures: Literature, 1981-1990 . World Scientific. ??????. 121. ISBN   978-981-02-1177-6 . https://books.google.com/books?id=LrSuBE6OckgC&pg=PA121 ? ???? ??? ????: 26 September 2012 .  
  8. ↑ "The Novel~Tea Book Club discussion" . GoodReads . http://www.goodreads.com/topic/show/394616-september-2010-the-palace-walk-by-naguib-mahfouz ? ???? ??? ????: 24 October 2013 .  
  9. ↑ "Naguib Mahfouz (1911?2006)" . AUC PressThe American University in Cairo Press . http://www.aucpress.com/t-aboutnm.aspx ? ???? ??? ????: 26 October 2013 .  
  10. ↑ "??????? ???" . Archived from the original on 2019-12-17 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191217131048/http://almashriq.hiof.no/egypt/900/920/naguib_mahfouz/nobel_price/ ? ???? ??? ????: 2020-01-08 .  
  11. ↑ Rasheed El-Enany, Naguib Mahfouz: The Pursuit of Meaning , Routledge, 1992, p. 23.
  12. ↑ "??????? ???" . Archived from the original on 2019-12-17 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191217131048/http://almashriq.hiof.no/egypt/900/920/naguib_mahfouz/nobel_price/ ? ???? ??? ????: 2020-01-08 .  
  13. ↑ "President pays tribute to Mahfouz" . BBC News . 30 August 2006 . http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/5297470.stm .  
  14. ↑ "Naguib Mahfouz - Biographical" . nobelprize.org . https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/1988/mahfouz-bio.html .  
  15. ↑ https://www.nytimes.com/2006/08/30/books/31mahfouzcnd.html

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