作業證明 시스템

作業證明 시스템 ( proof-of-work (PoW) system 또는 protocol, function)은 서비스 要請者로부터 一部作業을 要求함으로써(일반적으로 컴퓨터에 依한 處理時間을 意味) 서비스 拒否 (DoS) 攻擊과 其他 서비스 惡用(예: 네트워크 上의 스팸 )을 斷念하게 만들기 위한 經濟的인 手段이다. 이 槪念은 1993年의 어느 한 雜誌記事에서 提示된 바에 따르면 Cynthia Dwork와 Moni Naor에 依해 發明되었다. ^[1] "作業證明"(Proof of Work, POW)이라는 用語는 1999年論文에서 Markus Jakobsson와 Ari Juels에 依해 처음 만들어져 公式化되었다. ^[2] 通話에 價値를 提供하기 위해 使用된 作業證明 시스템의 初期例는 솔로몬 諸島 의 조가비 貨幣 이다.

作業證明機能目錄 [ 編輯 ]

아래에는 現在 알려진 作業證明函數의 目錄이다:

精髓제곱根法 큰 少數 ^[1]
弱한 Fiat?Shamir 署名 ^[1]
Ong?Schnorr?Shamir 署名 (broken by Pollard) ^[1]
部分 해시 反轉(Partial hash inversion) ^[3]^[4]^[2] 이 論文은 作業證明(POW)의 槪念을 公式化하고 再使用可能한 作業證明(RPOW) 시스템의 하나인 브레드 푸딩 프로토콜(bread pudding protocol)의 獨立的인 槪念을 導入하고 있다. ^[5] ( 해시캐시 로서)
해시 水熱(Hash sequences) ^[6]
퍼즐 ^[7]
디피-헬먼 基盤 퍼즐 ^[8]
Moderate ^[9]
Mbound ^[10]
Hokkaido ^[11]
Cuckoo Cycle ^[12]
머클 트리 基盤 ^[13]
Guided tour puzzle protocol ^[14]

같이 보기 [ 編輯 ]

各州 [ 編輯 ]

↑ ^가 ^나 ^다 ^라 Dwork, Cynthia ; Naor, Moni (1993). “Pricing via Processing, Or, Combatting Junk Mail, Advances in Cryptology” . 《CRYPTO’92: Lecture Notes in Computer Science No. 740》 (Springer): 139?147.
↑ ^가 ^나 Jakobsson, Markus; Juels, Ari (1999). “Proofs of Work and Bread Pudding Protocols” . 《Communications and Multimedia Security》 (Kluwer Academic Publishers): 258?272.
↑ Back, Adam. “HashCash” . Popular proof-of-work system. First announce in March 1997.
↑ Gabber, Eran; Jakobsson, Markus; Matias, Yossi; Mayer, Alain J. (1998). “Curbing junk e-mail via secure classification”. 《Financial Cryptography》: 198?213.
↑ Wang, Xiao-Feng; Reiter, Michael (May 2003). “Defending against denial-of-service attacks with puzzle auctions” (PDF) . 《IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy '03》. 2016年 3月 3日에 原本文書 (PDF) 에서 保存된 文書 . 2018年 5月 11日에 確認함 .
↑ Franklin, Matthew K. ; Malkhi, Dahlia (1997). “Auditable metering with lightweight security”. 《Financial Cryptography '97》. Updated version May 4, 1998.
↑ Juels, Ari; Brainard, John (1999). “Client puzzles: A cryptographic defense against connection depletion attacks”. 《NDSS 99》.
↑ Waters, Brent; Juels, Ari; Halderman, John A.; Felten, Edward W. (2004). “New client puzzle outsourcing techniques for DoS resistance”. 《11th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security》.
↑ Abadi, Martin ; Burrows, Mike; Manasse, Mark; Wobber, Ted (2005). “Moderately hard, memory-bound functions”. 《ACM Trans. Inter. Tech.》 5 (2): 299?327.
↑ Dwork, Cynthia ; Goldberg, Andrew ; Naor, Moni (2003). “On memory-bound functions for fighting spam”. 《Advances in Cryptology: CRYPTO 2003》 (Springer) 2729 : 426?444.
↑ Coelho, Fabien. “Exponential memory-bound functions for proof of work protocols” . 《Cryptology ePrint Archive, Report》.
↑ Tromp, John (2015). “Cuckoo Cycle; a memory bound graph-theoretic proof-of-work” (PDF) . 《Financial Cryptography and Data Security: BITCOIN 2015》. Springer. 49?62쪽.
↑ Coelho, Fabien. “An (almost) constant-effort solution-verification proof-of-work protocol based on Merkle trees” . 《Cryptology ePrint Archive, Report》.
↑ Abliz, Mehmud; Znati, Taieb (December 2009). “A Guided Tour Puzzle for Denial of Service Prevention”. 《Proceedings of the Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (ACSAC) 2009》 (Honolulu, HI): 279?288.

外部 링크 [ 編輯 ]

“Finney's system” . 2007年 12月 22日에 原本文書 에서 保存된 文書 . 2018年 5月 11日에 確認함 .
bit gold Bit gold . Describes a complete money system (including generation, storage, assay, and transfer) based on proof of work functions and the machine architecture problem raised by the use of these functions.

[DwoNao1992-1] 가 ^나 ^다 ^라 Dwork, Cynthia ; Naor, Moni (1993). “Pricing via Processing, Or, Combatting Junk Mail, Advances in Cryptology” . 《CRYPTO’92: Lecture Notes in Computer Science No. 740》 (Springer): 139?147.

[JaJue1999-2] 가 ^나 Jakobsson, Markus; Juels, Ari (1999). “Proofs of Work and Bread Pudding Protocols” . 《Communications and Multimedia Security》 (Kluwer Academic Publishers): 258?272.

[Ba1997-3] Back, Adam. “HashCash” . Popular proof-of-work system. First announce in March 1997.

[GaJaMaMa1998-4] Gabber, Eran; Jakobsson, Markus; Matias, Yossi; Mayer, Alain J. (1998). “Curbing junk e-mail via secure classification”. 《Financial Cryptography》: 198?213.

[WaRei2003-5] Wang, Xiao-Feng; Reiter, Michael (May 2003). “Defending against denial-of-service attacks with puzzle auctions” (PDF) . 《IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy '03》. 2016年 3月 3日에 原本文書 (PDF) 에서 保存된 文書 . 2018年 5月 11日에 確認함 .

[FraMa1997-6] Franklin, Matthew K. ; Malkhi, Dahlia (1997). “Auditable metering with lightweight security”. 《Financial Cryptography '97》. Updated version May 4, 1998.

[JueBrai1999-7] Juels, Ari; Brainard, John (1999). “Client puzzles: A cryptographic defense against connection depletion attacks”. 《NDSS 99》.

[WaJueHaFe2004-8] Waters, Brent; Juels, Ari; Halderman, John A.; Felten, Edward W. (2004). “New client puzzle outsourcing techniques for DoS resistance”. 《11th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security》.

[ABuMaWo2003-9] Abadi, Martin ; Burrows, Mike; Manasse, Mark; Wobber, Ted (2005). “Moderately hard, memory-bound functions”. 《ACM Trans. Inter. Tech.》 5 (2): 299?327.

[DwoGoNao2003-10] Dwork, Cynthia ; Goldberg, Andrew ; Naor, Moni (2003). “On memory-bound functions for fighting spam”. 《Advances in Cryptology: CRYPTO 2003》 (Springer) 2729 : 426?444.

[Coe2005-11] Coelho, Fabien. “Exponential memory-bound functions for proof of work protocols” . 《Cryptology ePrint Archive, Report》.

[Tro2014-12] Tromp, John (2015). “Cuckoo Cycle; a memory bound graph-theoretic proof-of-work” (PDF) . 《Financial Cryptography and Data Security: BITCOIN 2015》. Springer. 49?62쪽.

[Coe2007-13] Coelho, Fabien. “An (almost) constant-effort solution-verification proof-of-work protocol based on Merkle trees” . 《Cryptology ePrint Archive, Report》.

[Abliz09-14] Abliz, Mehmud; Znati, Taieb (December 2009). “A Guided Tour Puzzle for Denial of Service Prevention”. 《Proceedings of the Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (ACSAC) 2009》 (Honolulu, HI): 279?288.

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作業 證明 機能 目錄 [ 編輯 ]

같이 보기 [ 編輯 ]

各州 [ 編輯 ]

外部 링크 [ 編輯 ]

作業證明機能目錄 [ 編輯 ]