There are two ways to specify dependencies for Cloud Functions written in
Python: using the
pip
package manager's
requirements.txt
file or packaging local dependencies alongside your function.
Dependency specification using the Pipfile/Pipfile.lock standard is
not supported. Your project should not include these files.
Specifying dependencies with pip
Dependencies in Python are managed with pip and expressed in a metadata file
called
requirements.txt
.
This file must be in the same directory as the
main.py
file that contains your
function code.
When you deploy or redeploy your function, Cloud Functions
uses pip to download and install the latest version of your
dependencies as declared in the
requirements.txt
file.
The
requirements.txt
file contains one line per package. Each line contains
the package name, and optionally, the requested version. For more details, see
the
requirements.txt
reference
.
To prevent your build from being affected by dependency version changes,
consider pinning your dependency packages to a specific version.
The following is an example
requirements.txt
file:
functions-framework
requests==2.20.0
numpy
The
Functions Framework
is a
required dependency for all functions. Although Cloud Functions
installs it on your behalf when the function is created, we recommend
that you include it as an explicit dependency for clarity.
If your
function relies on private dependencies, we recommend that you
mirror
functions-framework
to your private registry. Include the mirrored
functions-framework
as a dependency to your function to avoid installing the
package from the public internet.
Packaging local dependencies
You can also package and deploy dependencies alongside your function. This
approach is useful if your dependency is not available via the pip
package manager or if your Cloud Functions environment's internet
access is restricted.
For example, you might use a directory structure
such as the following:
myfunction/
├── main.py
└── localpackage/
├── __init__.py
└── script.py
You can then import the code as usual from
localpackage
using the following
import
statement.
# Code in main.py
from localpackage import script
Note that this approach will
not
run any
setup.py
files. Packages with those
files can still be bundled, but may not run correctly on Cloud Functions.