??????????    ( Mongolian ) Монгол Улс    ( ??????????? )
????? Emblem
????? ???:  Монгол улсын т?рийн дуулал Mon?ol ulsyŋ toriyŋ duulal " National Anthem of Mongolia "
?????? ?? ??????? ????	Ulaanbaatar [a] ??????? : 48°N 106°E  /  48°N 106°E  / 48; 106
??? ????(?)	Mongolian
Official scripts	Mongolian Cyrillic [1]
????????? ???????? (2020)	95% Mongols 4% Kazakhs 1% Others [2]
??? (2020)	51.7% Buddhism 40.6% No religion 3.2% Islam 2.5% Shamanism 1.3% Christianity 0.7% Others [2]
???? ???(?)	Mongolian [b]
???	Unitary semi-presidential republic [3]
?  President	Ukhnaagiin Khurelsukh
?  Prime Minister	Luvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene
?  State Great Khural Chairman	Gombojavyn Zandanshatar
??????????????	State Great Khural
Formation
?  Xiongnu Empire	209 BCE
?  Mongol Empire	1206
?  Declaration of independence from the Qing dynasty	29 December 1911
?  Mongolian People's Republic established	26 November 1924
?  Current constitution	13 February 1992
???? ????????
? ????????	1,564,116 km 2 (603,909 sq mi) ( 18th )
? ??? (%)	0.67 [4]
??????
? 2020 ???????????	3,353,470 [5] ( 134th )
? 2015 ?? ??????	3,057,778 [6]
? ??????	2.07/km 2 (5.4/sq mi) ( 194th )
?????   ( ??????? )	2019 ???????????
? ????????	$47 billion [7] ( 115th )
? ?? ??????	$14,270 [7] ( 93rd )
?????   (?????)	2019 ???????????
? ????????	$13.7 billion [7] ( 133rd )
? ?? ??????	$4,151 [7] ( 116th )
????   (2018)	32.7 [8] ??????
????   (2019)	0.737 [9] ???  ·  99th
???????? ????	Togrog ( MNT )
???? ?????	UTC +7/+8 [10]
??? ?????	yyyy.mm.dd ( CE )
??? ???? ?? ?????	right
?????? ????	+976
ISO 3166 code	MN
????????? TLD	.mn , .мон
^ Also spelled "Ulan Bator". ^ "Mongolian" denotes nationality, which includes minorities such as Kazakhs or Tuvans , while "Mongol" indicates Mongol ethnicity .

?????????? ????????? : ????????? ( ???? · ??????? ) ( ??????????? : [ ?????? ??? ( ???? · ??????? ) , ???????? ?????? ??/??????? ] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup ( help ) ) ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ???? ????. . ????? ??????? ???????, ???????, ??????????? ?? ???????? ????? ??. ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?. ??? ????????? 38% ????? ??. ??????? ??????? ???????????? ???????????? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ???????????? ?? ????????, ???????, ????? 1206 ??????????? ?????? ??????? ??. 16 ?? 17 ?? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????. 17 ?? ?? ?????? ???? ??????????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???. 1911 ???? ?????????? ??? ????? ???? ??? 1921 ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ??? 1945 ?????????? ??????? ??????.1924 ???????????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ? ????? ???. 1990 ??? ???? ???????? ?? 1992 ?? ???????????? ?? ???? ????????? ???? ???. ???? ??????? 603,909 ?? ????????? ?????? 2.9 ??. ???? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???, ?????? ????? ???? ??????????.????????? 30% ?? ???????? ?? ???? ?????????. ???? ???????? ???? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? . ????????? 20% ????? ?.??.1.25 ? ??? ??????? ?????.

???????? [ ???????? ]

1. ↑ "Official Documents to be in Mongolian Script" . UB Post . June 21, 2011. November 1, 2011 ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? . ??????????? 2010-07-11 .
2. ↑ ^{2.0 2.1} "Хун ам, орон сууцны 2020 оны улсын ээлжит тооллогы нэгдсэн дун" (PDF) (Mongolian ?????). 7 November 2020 ??? ???? ????? (PDF) ?????? ???????? ??? ??? . ??????????? 16 August 2021 . {{ cite web }} : CS1 maint: unrecognized language ( link )
3. ↑ Odonkhuu, Munkhsaikhan (???????? 12, 2016). "Mongolia: A Vain Constitutional Attempt to Consolidate Parliamentary Democracy" . ConstitutionNet . International IDEA . ???????? 25, 2016 ??? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? . ??????????? ???????? 21, 2016 . Mongolia is sometimes described as a semi-presidential system because, while the prime minister and cabinet are collectively responsible to the SGKh, the president is popularly elected, and his/her powers are much broader than the conventional powers of heads of state in parliamentary systems.
4. ↑ "Mongolia" . The World Factbook . CIA . ??????????? ??????? 9, 2015 .
5. ↑ "Renewed 2015?2045 population projection" . www.1212.mn . Mongolian Statistical Information Service . 1 January 2017 . ??????????? 28 May 2020 .
6. ↑ "2015 population and housing by census of mongolia" . www.1212.mn . Mongolian Statistical Information Service . 1 January 2016 . ??????????? 28 May 2020 .
7. ↑ ^{7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3} "World Economic Outlook Database, January 2019" . IMF.org . International Monetary Fund . ??????????? 24 February 2019 .
8. ↑ "GINI index (World Bank estimate) ? Mongolia" . data.worldbank.org . World Bank . ??????????? 22 March 2020 .
9. ↑ Human Development Report 2020 The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocene (PDF) . United Nations Development Programme. 15 December 2020. pp. 343?346. ISBN   978-92-1-126442-5 . ??????????? 16 December 2020 .
10. ↑ "Mongolia Standard Time is GMT (UTC) +8, some areas of Mongolia use GMT (UTC) +7" . Time Temperature.com. ???????? 13, 2007 ??? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? . ??????????? ??????????? 30, 2007 .