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?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? (UK) ????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ?
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?????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????-? ? ^[?] ???? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?
???? ????? ??, ?????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???? ? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?????-? ? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???????, ?????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?
?????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??????.?? ????? ????, ?????, ?????????? ?? ???????? ?????? ? ???? ?? ????? ??????, ??????, ???????-??????, ????? ????? ?? ????-?????? ?? ?? ???? ???????? ?

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?????? ????? ?? ?? ??????? (transportation) ????? ???? ??????? ?????-?, ????? ??? ?????, ????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????? (Airport) ?????-? ?
??????????? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ???-? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ????, ?????? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ??? ??????? ??? ?
???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????-?, ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?????-? (?????? ????? ????? ?????) ? ????? ???????? ????? ?????-?, ???? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ???????????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?????-? ?
????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ????, ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????-? ? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???? ? ???? ??? ?????? ?????????????? ??? ?????? ? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ???-?, ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?

????? ????? [ ?????? | ?????? ?????? ]

London.gov.uk ? Greater London Authority
VisitLondon.com ? Official London tourism site
Transport for London (TfL) ? city transport authority
Museum of London
British Pathe ? Digitalised archive containing hundreds of films of 20th century London
London in British History Online , with links to numerous authoritative online sources
Map of Early Modern London ? Historical map and encyclopaedia of Shakespeare's London
"London" , In Our Time , BBC Radio 4 discussion with Peter Ackroyd, Claire Tomalin and Iain Sinclair (28 September 2000)

????????? [ ?????? | ?????? ?????? ]

↑ cite web|url= http://www.zyen.com/GFCI/GFCI%209.pdf Archived ????-??-?? at the Wayback Machine . |title=Global Financial Centres 9 |publisher=Z/Yen|year=2011
↑ Cite news|url= https://www.forbes.com/2008/07/15/economic-growth-gdp-biz-cx_jz_0715powercities.html%7Ctitle= "World's most economically powerful cities". |work=Forbes |date=15 July 2008 |accessdate=3 October 2010| archiveurl = | archivedate = 19 May 2011| deadurl=no
↑ cite web|url= http://www.mastercard.com/us/company/en/insights/pdfs/2008/MCWW_WCoC-Report_2008.pdf%7Ctitle=Worldwide Centres of Commerce Index 2008|publisher=Mastercard
↑ cite web|title=London in Scottish Gaelic|url= http://glosbe.com/en/gd/London%7Cwork=Glosbe Dictionary website|accessdate=15 April 2014
↑ cite web|url= https://files.datapress.com/london/dataset/population-change-1939-2015/historical%20population%201939-2015.pdf%7Ctitle=Population ^{[
permanent dead link
]} Growth in London, 1939?2015|date=January 2015|work=London Datastore|publisher=Greater London Authority|page=2|accessdate=16 September 2015

[Global_Financial_Centres_9-1] te web|url= http://www.zyen.com/GFCI/GFCI%209.pdf Archived ????-??-?? at the Wayback Machine . |title=Global Financial Centres 9 |publisher=Z/Yen|year=2011

[forbes.com-2] Cite news|url= https://www.forbes.com/2008/07/15/economic-growth-gdp-biz-cx_jz_0715powercities.html%7Ctitle= "World's most economically powerful cities". |work=Forbes |date=15 July 2008 |accessdate=3 October 2010| archiveurl = | archivedate = 19 May 2011| deadurl=no

[Mastercard-3] te web|url= http://www.mastercard.com/us/company/en/insights/pdfs/2008/MCWW_WCoC-Report_2008.pdf%7Ctitle=Worldwide Centres of Commerce Index 2008|publisher=Mastercard

[4] te web|title=London in Scottish Gaelic|url= http://glosbe.com/en/gd/London%7Cwork=Glosbe Dictionary website|accessdate=15 April 2014

[5] te web|url= https://files.datapress.com/london/dataset/population-change-1939-2015/historical%20population%201939-2015.pdf%7Ctitle=Population ^{[
permanent dead link
]} Growth in London, 1939?2015|date=January 2015|work=London Datastore|publisher=Greater London Authority|page=2|accessdate=16 September 2015

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