Jeneng

Saka Wikipedia Jawa, bauwarna mardika basa Jawa

Jeneng iku sebutan utawa label sing diwenehake marang barang , manungsa , panggonan , prodhuk (upamane merek prodhuk) lan malah gagasan utawa konsep , sing lumrahe dipigunakake kanggo mbedakake siji lan sijine. Jeneng bisa dianggo ngenali saklompok utawa mung sawiji barang.

Jeneng manungsa lumrahe kaperang dadi jeneng ngarep lan jeneng kulawarga (marga), contone Ali Wijaya , Ali iku jeneng ngarep dene Wijaya iku margane. Sanajan mangkono, ana uga budaya-budaya sing ora mengenal konsep mau. Ana uga jeneng undang-undangan sing dadi jeneng mligi sing dipigunakake sajeroning ngbapaki sosialisasi .

Struktur jeneng [ besut | besut sumber ]

Ana akeh cara kanggo nyusun sawijining jeneng, gumantung marang budaya saenggon lan basa saenggon lan lumrahe wujud kombinasi saka

  1. jeneng paweweh/jeneng ngarep (unik kanggo saben anak)
  2. jeneng kulawarga (unik kanggo saben keturunan saka garis lanang
  3. jeneng tengah (kanggo mbedakake jeneng paweweh sing padha saka siji kulawarga )
  4. jeneng pungkasan (jeneng paweweh sing dideleh sawise jeneng ngarep)
  5. jeneng bapak
  6. jeneng ibu
  7. jeneng prawan (jeneng kulawarga ibu sadurunge nikah)
  8. jeneng kulawarga simbah kakung saka bapak (=jeneng kulawarga)
  9. jeneng kulawarga simbah putri saka bapak (=jeneng prawan simbah putri saka bapak)
  10. jeneng kulawarga simbah kakung saka ibu (=jeneng prawan ibu)
  11. jeneng kulawarga simbah putri saka ibu (=jeneng prawan simbah putri saka ibu)
  12. jeneng baptis
  13. jeneng kutha (lumrahe ing Eropa / Amerika )
  14. jeneng pagawean (lumrahe ing Eropa/Amerika)
  15. jeneng warna (lumrahe ing Eropa/Amerika)

sing bisa disusun dadi akeh kombinasi:

  • [jeneng paweweh]-Yohanes (ing Indonesia bisa punjul siji tembung)
  • [jeneng paweweh] [jeneng pungkasan]-Yohanes Setiawan (jeneng pungkasan ora padha dengan bapak)
  • [jeneng paweweh] [jeneng tengah] [jeneng pungkasan]-Yohanes Bambang Kurniawan Setiawan (kabeh iku jeneng paweweh, ora nyantumake jeneng kulawarga)
  • [jeneng paweweh] bin [jeneng bapak]-Slamet bin Suparjo (kanggo priya)
  • [jeneng paweweh] binti [jeneng bapak]-Siti binti Suparjo (kanggo wanita)
  • [jeneng paweweh] [jeneng kulawarga]-John Situmorang
  • [jeneng paweweh] [jeneng tengah] [jeneng kulawarga]-John Charles Situmorang
  • [jeneng kulawarga] [jeneng paweweh]-Lin Zexi (jeneng Tionghoa)
  • [jeneng paweweh] [jeneng kutha kelairan]-John Zamoyski (jeneng Polen , saka kutha mawa jeneng Zamosc )
  • [jeneng paweweh] [jeneng pagawean]-John Smith (jeneng Inggris, pagawean wong tukang/pandhe wesi)
  • [jeneng paweweh] [jeneng prawan] [jeneng kulawarga bojo (lanang)]-Karen Flynn Henning (jeneng Amerika)
    • [jeneng paweweh] [jeneng kulawarga bapak] de [jeneng bapak bojo (lanang)]-Maria Alvarez de Aguilar (Spanish)
  • [jeneng paweweh] [jeneng tengah] [jeneng baptis] [jeneng kulawarga]-Karen Lee Kristina Flynn (jeneng Katulik Irlandia )
  • [jeneng paweweh] [jeneng kulawarga] jeneng pagawean]-Mark Jones-the-petrol (jeneng Welsh)
  • [jeneng paweweh] ["putra saka" + jeneng bapak]-Bjørnstjerne Bjornson (jeneng Nordik)
  • [jeneng paweweh] ["putri saka" + jeneng bapak]-Vigdis Finnbogadøttir (jeneng Norse)
  • [jeneng paweweh] [jeneng bapak + "anak saka"] [jeneng kulawarga]-Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev (jeneng Ruslan )
  • [jeneng paweweh] [jeneng tengah] [jeneng kulawarga simbah kakung saka ibu] [jeneng kulawarga simbah putri saka bapak] [jeneng kulawarga simbah kakung saka bapak]-Eliana Marcia Villela Gomes Soares (jeneng Brasil )
  • [jeneng paweweh] [jeneng tengah] [jeneng kulawarga simbah kakung saka ibu] [jeneng kulawarga simbah kakung saka bapak] [jeneng ibu bojo (lanang)] [jeneng bapak bojo (lanang)]-Maria Beatriz Villela Soares Veiga de Carualho (jeneng Brasil)
  • [jeneng paweweh] [jeneng kulawarga bapak] y [jeneng kulawarga ibu]-Jose Aguilar y Fernandez (jeneng Spanyol)
  • [jeneng paweweh] [jeneng bapak]-Tafari Makonnen (jeneng Amharic)

Pratelan ini mung saperangan cilik saka variasi sing mungkin dumadi.

Saka sajarah Eropa, akeh-akehe wong wiwitane migunakake siji jeneng paweweh wae, banjur sawise gunggung wong sing mawa jeneng padha tansaya akeh ing siji tlatah, jeneng kulawarga ditambahkan kanggo mbedakake wong-wong sing mawa jeneng padha. Sawise tansaya akeh wong sing mawa jeneng ngarep lan jeneng kulawarga padha, mula wong banjur nambahake jeneng tengah, siji jeneng, sabanjure loro jeneng, lan sabanjure.

Ing Inggris lan AS, wong biyasa disapa nganggo jeneng ngarepe. Ing Jerman , wong biyasa diundang nganggo jeneng tengahe. Ing nagara-nagara Asia Wetan lan Honggari , jeneng kulawarga dideleh ing ngarep, lan sajeroning kasus jeneng Tionghoa , mung ana jeneng kulawarga sajeroning cacah sing winates, sing gawe atusan nganti ewon wong sing duwe jeneng sing persis padha.

Jeneng Inggris iku jeneng sing unik sajeroning babagan bisa ditambahake Sr. (Senior) sawise jeneng kulawarga kanggo bapak sing mawa jeneng padha karo anake. Bab iki disebabake akeh bapak sing pengin anake (lumrahe sing mbarep) nganggo jenenge lan nerusake pegaweyane.

Basa Inggris, Spanyol , Portugis , lan sawatara liyane kadhang migunakake Jr. (Junior) ing pungkasan jeneng kulawarga kanggo anak sing mawa jeneng padha karo bapake (suwalike saka Sr. .) Jeneng Brasil kadhang migunakake Neto kanggo "cucu", Sobrinho kanggo "ponakan" lan Junior kanggo "anak".

Sawetara basa, kaya basa Ruslan , migunakake panambang jender kanggo jeneng kulawargane, dadi kanggo keturunan priya ingaran Tuwan Molotov, kanggo keturunan wanita utawa bojo (wanita) ingaran Nyonya Molotova.

Jeneng patronymik [ besut | besut sumber ]

Jeneng patronymik iku jeneng sing tegese sang bapak.

Basa Andhahan Conto andhahan
Inggris
Peterson, Paterson,
Swedhen
Tuomas Abrahaminpoika, Martta Heikintytar
Yunani
Cosmopoulus
Ruslan, Slavia
Nikolayevich, Ivanovich, Ivanovna, Milla Jovovich *
Polen
Jaruzelski
Rumania
Petrescu
Sekotlan Mac-*, Mc-, Nic* (p) MacDougal, MacMahon, McDonald, McCarthy
Irlandia O', Ni O'Leary, O'Hara
Wales [1] ap, ab ap Gwilym, ap Gruffudd, ap Cynan, ab Owain
Prancis (Norman) Fitz- Fitzgerald, Fitzpatrick, Fitzhugh, Fitzroy
Spanyol lan Portugis
Rodrigues (Rodrigo), Nunes (Nuno), Jones (Jon), Lopez (Lope), Hernandez (Hernando), Alvarez (Alvaro)*
Arab , lan Jawa bin, binti (p) bin Laden, bin Khaldun, bin Slamet, binti Rahmat
Yahudi ben, bar, bat (p) ben Sirakh, ben Hur, bar Jonah, bar Ilan, Batsyeba
Basa Aram Bar Bartolomeus, Barnabas, Bartimeus
(ejaan Inggris), Malaysia ibn, ibni ibn Maryam, ibn Abihi
-son,-dotter
  • Patronimi-son lan-dotter duwe akeh variasi sajeroning maneka basa Eropa: Dhenemarken (-datter), Eslan (-dottir), Walanda (-zoon /-sz,-dochter /-dr, Jan Pieterzoon Coen iku anak saka Pieter Coen), Kenau Simonsdochter Hasselaer iku anak saka Simon Hasselaer;-sen, Jansen, Pietersen, Willemsen)
Jovovich
  • Sajeroning basa Slavia, wanita tetep migunakake wangun maskulin (tansah-vich, ora tau-ovna, contone jeneng kulawarga Jovovich)
Mac-
  • Variasi sajeroning basa Keltik liya: Irlandia (Mag-, M-), Welsh (Map-, verch (p): Angharad Verch Owain-Angharad putri saka Owain)
Nic
  • Nic iku patronimi sing ora akeh diweruhi kanggo wanita. Panggunaane ameh padha karo Mac-. Conto: Mairi Nic Dhomhnaill, sajeroning basa Inggris luwih misuwur kanthi jeneng Mary MacDonald
-es,-ez
  • Panambang sing liya:-az,-is, and-oz. (Cathetan: Ora kabeh jeneng mawa panambang kaya mau nandhakake patronimik, contone: Ramas, Vargas, lan Morales.)

Basa Inggris wis mem'fosil'ake sistem patronymik, bapak Robert Louis Stevenson durung mesthi mawa jeneng Steven, bisa wae Joe. Basa Arab , Basa Ibrani , Basa Eslan , lan sawatara liyane, isih migunakake jeneng patronymik sing anyar kanggo saben generasi, upamane Robert Louis Stevenson duwe anak sing dijenengi John Robertson, sing banjur duwe anak sing mawa jeneng Thomas Johnson, lan sabanjure. Saben wong duwe jeneng mburi sing beda-beda

Basa Ruslan migunakake patronymik saengga katurunane isih duwe jeneng mburi/jeneng kulawarga sing padha. Cara iku kanthi nulisake jeneng patronymik minangka jeneng tengah, jadi putra Ivan duwe jeneng tengah Ivanovich, lan putri Ivan duwe jeneng tengah Ivanovna.

Basa Spanyol lan Basa Portugis luwih adil marang ibu sing ngandhut anake sajeroning sangang sasi. Kaloro basa minangka jeneng pungkasan anake saka kaloro jeneng kulawargane. Ing Brasil (basa Portugis), jeneng ibu ndhisiki jeneng bapak, jadi ibu Eliana Marcia Villela Gomes Soares duwe jeneng kulawarga Villela, dene bapake duwe jeneng kulawarga Gomes Soares (Gomes iku jeneng kulawarga ibu bapake). Basa Spanyol mbalik urutane kanthi mapanake jeneng bapak sadurunge ibune.

Isih magepokan karo patronymik, teknonymik lan paedonymik iku sistem ing ngendi wong tuwa anak dijenengake miturut anake. Sajeroning basa Arab, wong tuwa bakal misuwur kanthi jeneng "bapak saka" utawa "ibu saka" anak paling tuwane. Ali bin Amir duwe jeneng Ali lan minangka anak saka Amir . Bapake, si Amir uga ingaran Abu Ali , utawa "bapake Ali

Ing Indonesia, mligi wong Batak , panggunaan sistem jeneng iki uga kerep dianggo sajeroning undang-undangan sadina-dina, yen ana undang-undangan Amani Dani, mula dheweke iku bapak saka si Dani, utawa yen ana undang-undangan Ompungni Sari, mula dheweke iku simbah kakung saka Sari.

Variasi jeneng [ besut | besut sumber ]

Sawiji jeneng bisa duwe akeh variasi sajeroning berbagai basa, lumrahe kanggo gawe jeneng dadi unik, wong uga gawe variasine dhewe marang sawijining jeneng sing wis ana. Jeneng-jeneng sing umum dianggo lumrahe diturunake saka jeneng wong-wong misuwur ing jaman biyen, utawa jeneng sing duwe makna mligi (tembung-tembung sing endah, profesi wong tuwa, jeneng kebang, lll).

Jeneng sing diturunake saka jeneng wong-wong ing jaman biyen lumrahe njupuk sumber saka ajaran agama utawa sajarah sawijining tlatah.

Jeneng saka tokoh-tokoh agama [ besut | besut sumber ]

Ing ngisor iki pratelan variasi jeneng sing migunakake alfabet Latin . Jeneng sing sakira umum tinemu dicithak kandel

Islam [ besut | besut sumber ]

Indonesia variasi liya
Muhammad Mohammad, Muhammed
Yusuf
Masyhud Syahidu, Syahidu
Umar Kumar
Abdullah Abdillah

Kristen [ besut | besut sumber ]

Indonesia Variasi liya
Kristian, Kristin (p), Kris, Kristofer Christian , Christine (p), Christina , Christiana, Chris , Christopher , Christope, Christo, Cris, Kit, Kristin, Kristen, Kirsten
Abraham Abraham, Abram, Bram, Abiram, Ibrahim, Ebrahim,
Andreas, Andi Andrew , Andy , Drew, Andre, Andrej, Andres, Andreo, Andrea, Andras, Antero
Daud David, Davey, Davie, Davy, Daffy, Duffy, Dafydd, Dewi, Dai, Daf, Taff, Taffy, Dave , Daveth, Davida, Davina (p), Davinia (p), Devin, Dawit, Dwight,
Edwin, Edi Dwardu, Duarte, Ed , Edd, Edward , Edmond, Edmund, Eddie , Eddy, Eduard, Eduardo, Edouard, Edoardo, Eduardus, Edvard, Edwin, Edwina (p), Ned, Neddie, Neddy, Ted , Teddy , Teddie, Ward
Eli (l), Elisa, Elisabet, Lisa Elizabeth , Lizzy, Elisabeth , Liza, Bess, Bessie, Beth, Bette, Betsy, Betty , Elbinard, Eli, Elisa, Elise, Eliza, Ella, Ellie, Elsa, Elsie, Isabel, Izabel, Izzie, Izzy, Libby, Lili, Lilie, Lilla, Lillibet, Lillibeth, Lily, Lisbet, Lisbeth, Liz, Liza, Lizabeth, Lizz, Lizzie, Lizzy
Franky, Fransiskus, Fransiska (p) Frank, Franc, Francois, Frank, Franck, Franks, Frans, Franz, Franciscus, Francis, Fran, Franci (p), Frances (p), Francine (p), Francesco, Franco, Francesca (p), Francisco, Francisca (p), Paco, Paca (p), Pancho, Cisco, Chico
George Georg, Jord, Jordi, Georges, Giorgio, Georgius, Georg, Jorge, Gheorghe, Gherghina, Georgeta, Gigi, Geta, Yury, Yuri, Iouri, Jorge, Jorgelina, Georgia (p), Georgina (p), Georgiana (p)
Henry Heinrich, Hendy, Hendrik, Enrico, Henri, Enrique, Henrique, Harry, Enric, Henriko, Henricus, Henrijs, Henrik, Hendrik, Hinnerk, Henryk, Henrich, Henrietta (p), Henriques
Karel Carl, Carlo, Carlos , Carles, Carol, Carolus, Cathal, Charl, Charles , Charlie , Charly, Charley, Chaz, Chuck, Chucky, Chuckles, Charlys, Kaarle, Kaarel, Kalle, Karl, Karlis, Karlo, Karol, Karolis, Karoly,
(bentuk feminim) Carla, Carol, Carole, Carola, Carolina, Caroline , Carolyn, Charlene/Charlene, Charlotte, Carlota, Carlotta, Karla, Karolina, Karole, Charla
Leonard Leo, Levi, Leonard, Leonardo, Lewis, Louis, Lou, Luis, Ludwig, Clovis, Louys, Luic, Loewy, Loeb, Lourent, Luki, Lluis, Ludvik, Lodewijk, Lewis, Lewes, Lewie, Lew, Ludovic, Ludwig, Lui, Lajos, Luigi, Lodovico, Ludovico, Ludovicus, Aloysius, Ludvig, Leon, Lionheart, Corleone, Leonidas
bentuk feminim Louise, Louisa, Louisiana, Eloise, Heloise, Lisette, Luise, Louella, Luella, Loudella, Ludwika, Luisa/Luiza/Luisa, Luisa, Luigia, Eloisa, Ludovica, Lova
Mikael, Miki Michael , Miguel, Michel, Mikel, Mikhail, Michał, Mike , Mick, Mikiel, Mikey, Mikael, Mic, Mischka, Mickey, Micky, Meik, Maik, Meical, Meic, Michail, Mihail, Michalis, Mihalis, Mischa, Misha, Mikha, Michelle (p), Michaela, Mitchell, Michaelangelo
Paulus Paul , Paula (p), Pauline (p), Paulina (p), Pali, Paval, Pau, Poul, Paavali, Paavo, Pauli, Pal, Pall, Pol, Paolo, Paulius, Povilas, Paulose, Pavle, Pawlu, Paulo, Pablo, Pavol, Pavel, Pavlo
Petrus Peter , Pete , Pathrus, Pathros, Petr, Petra, Petros, Peeter, Peio, Peru, Pere, Peder, Petr, Peeter, Pekka, Petri, Petteri, Peter, Petur, Peadar, Pearce, Peta, P?teris, Petras, Peddyr, Petru, Petre, Peder, Petter, Per, Peer, Par, Pelle, Petya, Petar, Pedro, Pedr, Piotru?, Piotr, Piotrek, Pietru, Pietro, Piero, Pierre , Pieter, Pietro, Pieter, Pjeter, Piet, Pietari, Pyotr
Robertus, Robby Robert , Bobby , Rob , Bob , Robbie, Robin, Rupert, Bert, Bert, Roberts, Robb, Rodbert, Rothbert, Robert, Roberto, Robertino, Beto, Robbert, Robbi, Robbie, Robi, Robin, Rabbie, Robban, Roban, Robet, Robetus, Roibeard, Roeper, Roper, Roupen, Ruben , Rubens, Raban, Rabanus, Rambert, Ratbert, Rupert, Ruprecht, Ruppert, Rvpertvs, Rubert, Rochbert, Robrecht, Rodebert, Rodebrecht, Rudbert, Rudebert, Roteberht, Rotebert, Rodebert, Roberto , Roberta (p), Bobbie (p), Robertine (p), Robertina (p),
Ricky, Riki Richard , Risteard, Riccardo, Ryszard, Ricardo, Rikard, Rickard, Ruiseart, Rhisiart, Rik, Rick, Rich, Chard, Chad, Dick, Hecka, Ri?o, Ri?ko, Rysio, Ri?a, Ri?mond/Richmond, Cayo, Rickster, Rickie, Richie, Ricquart, Rijkaard, Rickaert, Ryckewaert
Tomas, Tomo Thomas , Tom , Tomais, Tomasp, Tomasp, Tommy , Thomasina (p), Tamsin (p) * Touma, Tamash, Tomaz, Tomislav, Thom, Toomas, Tummas, Tuomas, Tomas, Thomas, Thomas, Thanos, Thanasis, Athanasios, Teomo, Tamas, Tomas, Tomas, Tamihana, Tomasz, Tomek, Tomas, Tome, Tomasp, Tomasi, Tam, Toma?, Toma?, Tomas, Tomos, Thoma, Thomman, Thommi
William William , Wilhelm, Bill, Billy, Willem, Gulielmus, Guglielmo, Guillaume, Guildhelm, Guilhem, Guillem, Guillermo, Guilherme, Gwilym, Gwilherm, Illiam, Uilleam, Uilliam, Vilhelm, Vilhelmo, Viliam, Vilem, Vilmos, Vilhelms, Vilius, Viliumas, Viljami, Ville
Yakub, Yakobus Jacob , James , Jack , Jacky , Jackie , Jacques , Jacqui, Jaquie, Jacquee, Jacque, Jacq, Jacquie, Jac, Jaci, Jaki, Jacki, Jaqui, Jackee, Jay, Jacqueline (p), Jacquelyn, Jaclyn, Jacklyn, Jacqlyn, Jacquelin, Jacklin, Jamie, Jaime, Jacobus, Jacome, Jaime, Jaume, Jamio, Jam, Jim , Jimmy , Jimbo, Iacomus, Iacobus, Iago, Jakup, Jakub, Jakob, Jakov, Yaqub, Jakes, Jakobe, Jakue, Jakub, Jagu, Jagut, Jacut, Jak, Jakes, Jakez, Jakezig, Jakou, Jaim, Jaume, Xaume, Jacob, Jago, Jammes, Jamma, Jakov, Jakub, Jakoubek, Kubicek, Kubes Kubes, Kuba, Jakob, Jeppe, Jacob(us), Jakob, Jaap, Jobby, Cobus, Koos, Jacob, Jakob, Jacoby, Jake, Jakey, Jackie, Jack, Coby, James, Jamie, Jaime/Jaimie, Jim Jimmy/Jimmi/Jimi, Jacqueline/Jaqueline), Jacqui/Jaqui, Jackie, Jacki, Jamie/Jamey, Jamie/Jami, Jay, Jakobo, Jakob, Jaakob, Jaagup, Jaak, Jakup, Jaakob, Jaakoppi, Jaakko, Jamppa, Jacques, Jacob, Jacquot, Jacot, Jaco, Jack, Jacq, Jacquy, Jame, Gemme, Jacomo, Jakob, Jeckel, Jakab,, Seamus, Shamus, Giacomo, Iacopo, Jacopo, Giacobbe, Jayms, Jakob, Jeppe, Jammes, James, Jakub, Jaco (O.T. form), Jacob, Jaime, Tiago, Diogo, Jacme, Iacob, Iacov, Jacobo, Jacob, Iago, Yago, Santiago, Jaime, Diego , Jakob, Yaqub, Jaime, Yakup, Iago, Jams, Jago, Hakob, Jaume, Jaak, Jaakko, Jacques, Jakob, Jacob, Jakab, Giacomo, Jacopo, Giacobbe, Jacobus, Jakub, Iacob, Iacov, Yakov, Jacob, Jacobo, Jaime, Yago, Diego, Jaco, Jaime, Iago, Thiago, Tiago Jago, Jammes, Giacobe, Yankev, Yankl, Yankel, Yankele
Yohanes / Yahya (Jon, Joni) John , Johannes , Jack , Johnny, Johnnie, Giovanni, Gianni, Giuan, Hans, Hansel, Hasse, Hansel, Ian, Ion, Ivan , Jan, Jani, Jans, Janez, Janko, Janos, Janci, Jean, Johan, Johann, Joan, Joao, Jon, Jovan, Juan, Juhani, Sean /Sean, Shaun, Shawn, Shon, Sion, Yohani
(bentuk feminim) Iona, Ioana, Jana, Jane , Janice, Janet, Jean, Jeanette, Jeanne, Joanne, Joan, Johanna
Yusuf, Yoseph Joseph . Joe , Jose/ Jose , Josef/Josef, Jozef/Jozef/Jo?ef, Joseba, Josepe, Josep/Josep, Jozsef, Josephus , Joosef, Juozapas, Juozas, Yosef, Xose, Yusif, Usub, Bepo, Iosephus, Giuseppe , Beppe, Geppetto, Iosif, Pepe, Hose, Joseff

Uga delengen [ besut | besut sumber ]

Rujukan [ besut | besut sumber ]