??? ??????

**??? ??????**
	???????? ?? ????? ????. ???? ?? ??? ???'?? ?????
???????	29 ??????? 1830 ? 21 ???????? 1831 (327 ????)
????	????? , ???? ? ???????? ?? ???? ??????
?????	?????? ????
?????? ???????
????? ?????????? ; ?????? ??????? ;	???????? ??????
??????
???? ?'?????? ; ???? ????? ???????? ; ??? ???'????? ; ?????? ?????'????? ; ??'?????' ????????? ; ????? ???????? ; ??? ??????'? ????????	??????? ??????, ???? ????? ; ??? ??? ??? ?????? ; ?????? ??????'
?????
??? ????? ?????????? ; 150,000 ??????	??? ???????? ?????? ; 180,000?200,000 ??????
?????
40,000 ?????? ???????	22,000?23,000 ?????? ???????

??? ?????? (? ?????? Powstanie listopadowe ; ???? ?? ? ????? ??????????? (1830?1831) , ? ????? ??????? ) ??? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ?????? . ???? ??? ?- 29 ??????? 1830 , ? ????? , ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?????????? , ??????? ?? ??? ????? ???????, ???? ???????. ?????, ?????? ????? ??? ????????? ????? ? ???? , ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? . ????? ??????? ????????, ???? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????' ^[1]^[2]^[3]. ? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ??, ???? ?? ?????, ????? ???? ??? ??????, ? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ^[4].

??? ???? ????, 29 ???????, ????? ?? ???? ? ??? ????? ?"??? ???????", ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????.

??? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

? ???? ?-90 ?? ???? ?-18 , ???? ????? ????? , ?????? ???? ?????? ??????-????? ????? ??? ???????? ?????? , ????? ???? ????, ????? ?????? ? ????? ??????? ???????. ???, ? ???? ?????? ???? 1807 ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???, ?????? ???? ???? ???????? , ?? ?????? ???? , ????? ?????? ??????. ?- 1815 , ???? ???? ????????, ???? ?????? ???? ?? ???????, ??????? ???? ?? ????? ?????????? , ?????? ?? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ????. ????? ?????????? ????? ????? ????? ??????, ?????? ????? ???? ?? ???????? ?????? . ????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?????? , ???? ?? ???? ????, ??? ?????, ? ??? ??????? . ??? ?????, ? ????? ???????? , ??? ? ??? ?????.

????? ????? ?????????, ?????? ???? ????, ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????????. ???, ????? ????? ??? ???????, ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? , ????? ?? ??????? ???????. ??????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????, ????? ???? ?-20 ?? ???? ?-19 ??? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ???????.

???? ???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??????, ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ??????, ????? ???????, ???? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?-29 ??????? 1830 ????? ?? ????? ?????? , ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?????. ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? , ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????. ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??????, ??? ????? ????????? ??? ????? ?????. ???? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ????, ????? ???? ???? ???? ???. ?????, ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????. ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? (?? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??????) ?? ??? ?????? (? ?????? : Noc listopadowa).

???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ?- 29 ??????? 1830 , ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ?????. ???? ?? ????????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ??'? ?'????????? , ?????????? ?????? ?????? ????'???' ?????? ???? ?'?????? ???? ?? ?????. ?????? ?????? ????? ?'????????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ????????? ??????? ?? ???????? ????? ????. ?? ???, ???? ?'????????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ???? ????? ????????? ???????? ????? ????? ????, ?????? ???'???? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ?????. ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????, ?????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ????? ?? ??????.

???'???? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????????, ?????? ?? ???. ?????? ??????? ????? ?- 3 ?????? ??????, ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?????????, ???? ????? ???? ????. ???'???? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???????. ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????, ???? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????????. ???? ??????, ?? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ?????, ??????? ???????? ???????? ???????????, ????? ??? ????.

????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????-?????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????, ??? ????? ???? ???'???? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????????, ???? ?????? ?????. ???? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??????. ??? ?????? ?? ????????, ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??- 5 ?????? 1830 ?????? ?? ?'?????? ???????? ????. ?'?????? ??? ????????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?????. ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ????, ??? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ?????????. ??? ????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???????. ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????. ??? ???? ?? ????????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?????.

???? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????, ???? ?????? ?? ?'?????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????-????? ? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ????. ?'?????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????. ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????. ?- 13 ?????? ????? ?"????" ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?????, ??- 7 ?????? 1831 ??? ????? ?????-????? ?????? ??? ???????. ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?? "?? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ????". ????????? ?????, ?'?????? ????? ?????.

???? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ???????? ?-Towarzystwo Patriotyczne (????? ?????????), ??????? ?? ?????? ?????. ?- 25 ?????? 1831 ????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????, ????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????-???? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????. ?????? ?????? ?? "????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????, ???? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????."

?- 29 ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ??'? ?'????????? , ? ???? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?? ?'??????, ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ????.

?????? ???????-????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ? ???? . ?- 4 ??????? 1831 ??? ??? ???? ?? 115,000 ??? ??????? ?? ????-??????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????. ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?- 14 ??????? 1831, ???? ???? ????'? ??? ?????. ???? ????'?, ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ????????? ???? ?? ????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????. ?? ???, ??????? ??? ????? ??? ????????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ???? ????. ?????? ????? ??? ??????, ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ???????.

???? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?????. ?- 25 ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?-40,000 ?????? ??? ???? ?? 60,000 ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ????'?????. ??? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ??????. ????? ?-7,000 ?????? ???? ???? ??, ????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ???? ????. ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?????.

?'??????, ????????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????, ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???'?????, ???? ?????, ??? ????????? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ?? ????, ?? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?????????, ???? ??? ??? ???????. ??? ??? ?? ?'?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?????, ?? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ???????. ?????? ???'????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?????????, ???? ???'????? ???? ????. ??? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ???????.

???? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? . ?????? ?????? ????? ? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? , ???? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ? ????? ????? . ?????? ???? ? ??????? , ????? ???, ?? ??? ?????? ????????? ?? ??? ???????. ???? ?????, ??? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ??????, ? ???? ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?????. ??????? ???? ????? ?? ????????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?????, "????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ????, ?????? ??????, ???? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ????, ???? ????? ????? ?? ???????". ??????? ? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ????????? ?????? ???? ?????. ?? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ????.

??????? ???, ?????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??????. ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? , ??????? , ????? ? ???? . ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ????, ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ????????? ???????. ???? ????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ? ?????? . ???????, ????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ????????', ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ????. ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ?????????? ???? 8,000 ?????? ????? ?? ?????, ???? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ????????. ?????? ??? ???????, ??????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ???????, ??????? ????? ???????? ???, ?????? ?????? ??????.

??????? ????????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ?????, ???? ?????, ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????, ?????? ?????? ?? ???????. ???????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????, ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ????.

??????? ???? ?????? ???????, ??????? ?? ????? ??????' ???? ???? ?? ??????, ???? ?? ????. [10] ???'????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???????, ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ????. ??????? ????? ????? ????. ????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ???????. ????? ??? ?????????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????. ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????, ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?????, ??? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ???????.

????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ??????' ?- 6 ??????? . ????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??????. ????? ??? ?- 7 ??????? ???? ??????????, ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????. ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????????? ?????'?????. ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????, ?? ???????, ???? ??? ???? ?? ?????-?????????? ?? ??? ??????, ????? ??? ? ????? . ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ????????, ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?????, ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ? ?????? . ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??????.

?- 5 ???????? 1831, ????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?-20,000 ??? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ????????? ????? ?????? ??????. ?? ??? ???, ?????? ??? ?????????, ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????.

?????? ?????? ?? ????????? ??? ???? ???, ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?????, ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????????. ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ????, ????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ?????????? ????????. ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? , ????? ?????? ? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????. ?? ?? ?? ???????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ??????.

????? ????? ???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???? (????? ????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ???, ?????? ??? ???????' ). ?-1831 ???? ??? ????? ???????? ????, ?????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? , ??? ?? ??? ????? ???? ; ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?????. ??? ???? ??????? , ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????, ??? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ????. ?????, ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ? ??????? ^[5].

?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?????-????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????. ???? 1831, ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? , ??????? ???? ????, ??? ????? ? ???? , ??????? ?????? ??????. ???? ????? ?????? ????? ????, ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ??????. ? ???????????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ? ????? . ???? 1832 ????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????, ??? ???? ? ??? ??? ??????? ????. ????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????, ??????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? (??????). ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? " ??? ??????? ", ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ???? "????? ??????????". ????? ????? ???, ????? ????? ??????, ????? ?? ?? ?? ?????, ?? ??? ????? ?-1863.

??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ? ??????????

??? ?????? , ???? ??????????? ???????? (???????)
?????, ????????, 1830-1832, ????? , ?? ??? ? ?????? ???????

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

^ "Polish Uprising of 1830?31" . TheFreeDictionary.com . ???? ?- 2017-05-10 .
^ Polish Revolution of 1830 : The International Encyclopedia of Revolution and Protest : Blackwell Reference Online , www.blackwellreference.com
^ Wandycz, Piotr S, he lands of partitioned Poland, 1795-1918 , ??? Vol. 7, University of Washington Press, 1975
^ Tucker, S.C., A Global Chronology of Conflict, Volume Three:1775-1860 , Santa Barbara:ABC-CLIO, LLC
^ ??????? ????? , ??? ?????, ??' 312. ^{[????? ?????]}

[1] "Polish Uprising of 1830?31" . TheFreeDictionary.com . ???? ?- 2017-05-10 .

[2] Polish Revolution of 1830 : The International Encyclopedia of Revolution and Protest : Blackwell Reference Online , www.blackwellreference.com

[3] Wandycz, Piotr S, he lands of partitioned Poland, 1795-1918 , ??? Vol. 7, University of Washington Press, 1975

[4] Tucker, S.C., A Global Chronology of Conflict, Volume Three:1775-1860 , Santa Barbara:ABC-CLIO, LLC

[5] ??????? ????? , ??? ?????, ??' 312. ^{[????? ?????]}

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[5]