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???? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ?????. ????-???? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? 1979?1984.‏ ^[3] ????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? Run DMC ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ? ???-???? ??? ??? ^[4] ??? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?'?? . ????-???? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ????????? .

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^ CredoReference.com Hip hop . (2003), The Harvard Dictionary of Music
^ ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ??? ??? ???????. ????, ??????? ?? ???'?? ????
^ David Toop, Rap Attack, 3rd. ed., London: Serpent's Tail, 2000. (p. 216) ISBN 978-1852426279
^ Old-School Rap , allmusic.com
^ Campbell, K.E. (2005). Gettin' our groove on: rhetoric, language, and literacy for the hip hop generation , Wayne State University Press
^ Dyson, Michael Eric, 2007, Know What I Mean?: Reflections on Hip-Hop , Basic Civitas Books, p. 6.
^ Castillo-Garstow, Melissa (2008-03-01). "Latinos in hip hop to reggaeton" . Latin Beat Magazine. ????? ?- ????? ?-2008-12-07 . ???? ?- 2008-07-28 .
^ Stas Bekman: stas (at) stason.org. "What is "Dub" music anyway? (Reggae)" . Stason.org . ???? ?- 2010-01-12 .
^ Philen, Robert (2007-11-05). "Robert Philen's Blog: Mythic Music: Stockhausen, Davis and Macero, Dub, Hip Hop, and Levi-Strauss" . Robertphilen.blogspot.com . ???? ?- 2010-01-12 .
^ Benson, G. (2010). Lonely Planet USA , Lonely Planet
^ ???? ?????, ? "????? ?? ????? ???" , ???? ? ???? ?, 30 ?????? 2014

[1] CredoReference.com Hip hop . (2003), The Harvard Dictionary of Music

[2] ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ??? ??? ???????. ????, ??????? ?? ???'?? ????

[3] David Toop, Rap Attack, 3rd. ed., London: Serpent's Tail, 2000. (p. 216) ISBN 978-1852426279

[[[allmusic]].com-4] Old-School Rap , allmusic.com

[5] Campbell, K.E. (2005). Gettin' our groove on: rhetoric, language, and literacy for the hip hop generation , Wayne State University Press

[6] Dyson, Michael Eric, 2007, Know What I Mean?: Reflections on Hip-Hop , Basic Civitas Books, p. 6.

[Castillo-Garstow-7] Castillo-Garstow, Melissa (2008-03-01). "Latinos in hip hop to reggaeton" . Latin Beat Magazine. ????? ?- ????? ?-2008-12-07 . ???? ?- 2008-07-28 .

[dub_music-8] Stas Bekman: stas (at) stason.org. "What is "Dub" music anyway? (Reggae)" . Stason.org . ???? ?- 2010-01-12 .

[more_dub_music-9] Philen, Robert (2007-11-05). "Robert Philen's Blog: Mythic Music: Stockhausen, Davis and Macero, Dub, Hip Hop, and Levi-Strauss" . Robertphilen.blogspot.com . ???? ?- 2010-01-12 .

[10] Benson, G. (2010). Lonely Planet USA , Lonely Planet

[11] ???? ?????, ? "????? ?? ????? ???" , ???? ? ???? ?, 30 ?????? 2014

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