S? hoa truy?n hinh

S? hoa truy?n hinh la qua trinh chuy?n đ?i va ng?ng phat song truy?n hinh analog đ? chuy?n sang phat song k? thu?t s? . M?c tieu chinh la chuy?n đ?i phat song analog m?t đ?t sang phat song s? m?t đ?t . Tuy nhien, vi?c chuy?n đ?i nay c?ng bao ham s? chuy?n đ?i t? truy?n hinh cap analog sang truy?n hinh cap s? c?ng nh? chuy?n đ?i t? truy?n hinh v? tinh analog sang truy?n hinh v? tinh k? thu?t s? . M?i qu?c gia co cach s? hoa truy?n hinh khac nhau; t?i m?t s? qu?c gia, vi?c s? hoa đ??c th?c hi?n theo t?ng giai đo?n nh? t?i ?n đ? , Vi?t Nam va Anh , n?i m?i khu v?c co k? ho?ch t?t song rieng. T?i cac n??c khac, c? qu?c gia s? đ??c chuy?n đ?i vao cung m?t th?i đi?m, nh? t?i Ha Lan , n?i t?t c? cac kenh analog đ?ng lo?t t?t song vao 11 thang 12 n?m 2006. M?t s? qu?c gia co k? ho?ch t?t song rieng cho t?ng kenh, nh? t?i Trung Qu?c , cac kenh CCTV t? 1-5-2006 s? đ??c t?t song đ?u tien.

Cac m?c th?i gian hoan t?t s? hoa [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

2006 : Ha Lan , Luxembourg (m?t đ?t)
2007 : Andorra , Ph?n Lan , Th?y đi?n , Th?y S?
2008 : đ?c
2009 : đan M?ch , đ?o Man , Na Uy , Hoa K? (Cac tr?m phat cong su?t cao)
2010 : B? , Croatia , Estonia , Guernsey , Jersey , Latvia , Luxembourg (Cap va v? tinh), San Marino , Slovenia , Tay Ban Nha , Anh ( X? Wales )
2011 : Ao , Canada (th??ng m?i l?n), C?ng hoa Sip , Phap , Israel , Nh?t B?n (M?t ph?n), Malta , Monaco , Th? Nh? K? , Anh ( Scotland)
2012 : C?ng hoa Sec , Gibraltar , C?ng hoa Ireland , Y , Nh?t B?n (Toan b?), Litva , ? R?p Xe Ut , Qatar , Oman , UAE , Jordan , Ai C?p , Bahrain , Iraq , Kuwait , Liban , Syria , Yemen , B? đao Nha , Slovakia , Han Qu?c , đai Loan , Anh ( Anh va B?c Ireland )
2013 : Uc , Azerbaijan , Bulgaria , Hungary , C?ng hoa Macedonia , Mauritius , New Zealand , Ba Lan , Zimbabwe
2014 : Serbia , Iceland , Namibia , Algerie
2015 : Belarus , Brunei , Hy L?p , ?n đ? , Iran , Maroc , Romania (giai đo?n 1), Rwanda , Th? Nh? K? , Kenya , Uganda , Ghana, Mexico (tr?m chinh cong su?t cao)
2016 : Bermuda , Brasil (Qu?n lien bang Brasil), Mexico (tr?m ph? cong su?t nh?), Mong C? , Lao , Ukraina , Chile , Trung Qu?c ( CCTV ), Burundi
2017 : Bolivia , Colombia , Paraguay , Peru , Sri Lanka , Indonesia , Thai Lan (NBT), Romania (giai đo?n 2)
2018 : Brasil (th??ng m?i l?n, bao g?m t?t c? cac th??ng m?i ? khu v?c Rio de Janeiro va Sao Paulo), Costa Rica , Moldova , El Salvador , Thai Lan (Channel 9 MCOT HD, Channel 5 va Thai PBS)
2019 : Argentina , Nga , Thai Lan , Singapore
2020 : Panama , H?ng Kong , Thai Lan (Channel 3), Venezuela , Vi?t Nam
2021 : Cuba , C?ng hoa Dominica
2023 : Brasil (th??ng m?i khac), Philippines , Thai Lan (BBTV Channel 7)

T?ng quan s? hoa truy?n hinh toan c?u theo qu?c gia [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

Qu?c gia	B?t đ?u truy?n d?n s? hoa	B?t đ?u s? hoa	Hoan thanh s? hoa
Andorra			25 thang 9 n?m 2007
Uc ^[1]	1 thang 1 n?m 2001	30 thang 6 n?m 2010	10 thang 12 n?m 2013
B?		3 thang 11 n?m 2008	1 thang 3 n?m 2010
Brasil ^[2]	2 thang 12 n?m 2007	ngay 1 thang 1 n?m 2015	ngay 31 thang 12 n?m 2018
Bulgaria	1 thang 1 n?m 2009	1 thang 3 n?m 2013	30 thang 9 n?m 2013
Canada	1 thang 3 n?m 2003	31 thang 8 n?m 2011
Croatia ^[3]	13 thang 6 n?m 2002	26 thang 1 n?m 2010	5 thang 10 n?m 2010
C?ng hoa Sec ^[4]	thang 10 n?m 2005	thang 9 n?m 2007	12 thang 2 n?m 2012
đan M?ch	1 thang 3 n?m 2003		1 thang 11 n?m 2009
El Salvador	22 thang 4 n?m 2009	1 thang 3 n?m 2018	1 thang 1 n?m 2019
Estonia			1 thang 7 n?m 2010
Ph?n Lan	21 thang 8 n?m 2001		1 thang 9 n?m 2007
Phap ^[5]	31 thang 3 n?m 2005	2 thang 2 n?m 2010	29 thang 11 n?m 2011
đ?c		1 thang 11 n?m 2002	25 thang 11 n?m 2008
Hy L?p	20 thang 3 n?m 2006	24 thang 9 n?m 2009	19 thang 12 n?m 2014
Guernsey			17 thang 11 n?m 2010
Hungary ^[6]^[7]	thang 10 n?m 2001	31 thang 7 n?m 2013	31 thang 10 n?m 2013
?n đ? ^[8]^[9]	26 thang 1 n?m 2003	31 thang 10 n?m 2012	31 thang 3 n?m 2015
Ireland ^[10]	29 thang 10 n?m 2010		24 thang 10 n?m 2012
Isle of Man			24 thang 7 n?m 2009
Y	2003	15 thang 10 n?m 2008	4 thang 7 n?m 2012
Nh?t B?n ^[11]	1 thang 12 n?m 2003	24 thang 7 n?m 2011	31 thang 3 n?m 2012
Jersey			17 thang 11 n?m 2010
Latvia			1 thang 6 n?m 2010
Litva	thang 3 n?m 2001		29 thang 10 n?m 2012
Macedonia	4 thang 5 n?m 2004	1 thang 1 n?m 2010	1 thang 6 n?m 2013
Mexico ^[12]		18 thang 7 n?m 2013	31 thang 12 n?m 2015
Ha Lan			11 thang 12 n?m 2006
New Zealand ^[13]	2 thang 5 n?m 2007	30 thang 9 n?m 2012	1 thang 12 n?m 2013
Na Uy	1 thang 9 n?m 2007	1 thang 3 n?m 2008	1 thang 12 n?m 2009
Peru	30 thang 3 n?m 2010	28 thang 7 n?m 2020	3 thang 1 n?m 2023
Ba Lan	30 thang 9 n?m 2010	7 thang 11 n?m 2012	23 thang 7 n?m 2013
B? đao Nha	29 thang 4 n?m 2009	12 thang 1 n?m 2012	26 thang 4 n?m 2012
Philippines	thang 10 n?m 2008	31 thang 5 n?m 2015	31 thang 12 n?m 2015
Qatar	1 thang 1 n?m 2002		13 thang 2 n?m 2012
? R?p Xe Ut	1 thang 1 n?m 2003		13 thang 2 n?m 2012
Slovakia ^[14]^[15]^[16]	22 thang 12 n?m 2009	28 thang 10 n?m 2010	31 thang 12 n?m 2012
Slovenia			30 thang 6 n?m 2011
Han Qu?c	26 thang 10 n?m 2001	1 thang 9 n?m 2010	31 thang 12 n?m 2012
Tay Ban Nha ^[17]^[18]	15 thang 11 n?m 1999	5 thang 4 n?m 2008	3 thang 4 n?m 2010
Th?y đi?n	1999	19 thang 9 n?m 2005	29 thang 10 n?m 2007
Th?y S?		1 thang 6 n?m 2006	1 thang 1 n?m 2008
đai Loan	1 thang 1 n?m 2004	7 thang 5 n?m 2012	30 thang 6 n?m 2012
Tunisia ^[19]	2012	ngay 6 thang 3 n?m 2015	ngay 3 thang 4 n?m 2015
Anh ^[20]	1998	17 thang 10 n?m 2007	24 thang 10 n?m 2012
M? ^[21]	1998	2007	12 thang 6 n?m 2009 (Full power stations) 1 thang 9 n?m 2015 (Low power stations)
Vi?t Nam	2013	1 thang 7 n?m 2015	28 thang 12 n?m 2020

Bi?u tr?ng "S? hoa Truy?n hinh Vi?t Nam"

N?m thanh ph? tr?c thu?c trung ??ng g?m Ha N?i , Thanh ph? H? Chi Minh , H?i Phong , B?c Qu?ng Nam , C?n Th? va đa N?ng cung m?t s? t?nh lan c?n đa t?t song Analog. Cac t?nh con l?i s? th?c hi?n t?t song Analog theo t?ng th?i gian c? th? va ti?n t?i c? n??c s? hoan thanh t?t song Analog vao n?m 2020, khi đo cac h? gia đinh đang s? d?ng cac dong TV < 32 inch đ??c s?n xu?t tr??c n?m 2013 n?u mu?n xem ti?p ph?i s? d?ng đ?u thu DVB-T2 ho?c mua TV đ?i m?i đ??c tich h?p s?n đ?u thu DVB-T2 đ??c s?n xu?t trong n?m 2013, 2014 (< 32 inch k? t? ngay 1/4/2014) va trong t??ng lai đ? đ??c xem ti?p cac kenh ch??ng trinh.

Xem them [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

Tham kh?o [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

^ “Digital TV Switchover Australia: Digital TV timetable by region” . Australian Government Digital Switchover Taskforce. ngay 26 thang 10 n?m 2012. B?n g?c l?u tr? ngay 18 thang 10 n?m 2012 . Truy c?p ngay 29 thang 11 n?m 2012 .
^ “Transicao para radio e TV digitais comeca em 2015 | INFO” . Info.abril.com.br. B?n g?c l?u tr? ngay 16 thang 1 n?m 2014 . Truy c?p ngay 13 thang 1 n?m 2014 .
^ “Dobrodo?li u digitalno doba! / Vijesti / Digitalna televizija / Aktualne teme / Aktualne teme i projekti / Vlada Republike Hrvatske - slu?beni web portal” (b?ng ti?ng Croatia). Vlada.hr. B?n g?c l?u tr? ngay 25 thang 4 n?m 2014 . Truy c?p ngay 1 thang 8 n?m 2012 .
^ “Analogove vysilani televize skon?i v ?esku 12. 2. 2012. Kone?n? vypina i Nova” (b?ng ti?ng Sec). mediar.cz . Truy c?p ngay 13 thang 9 n?m 2012 .
^ “Page introuvable / Accueil” (PDF) (b?ng ti?ng Phap). CSA.fr. B?n g?c (PDF) l?u tr? ngay 28 thang 9 n?m 2011 . Truy c?p ngay 1 thang 8 n?m 2012 .
^ (Hungarian) “A new era in the Hungarian television - Start of the residential phase of digital switchover” . ngay 11 thang 3 n?m 2013.
^ “Hungary set for digital switchover” . Truy c?p ngay 20 thang 3 n?m 2013 .
^ “B?n sao đa l?u tr?” . B?n g?c l?u tr? ngay 5 thang 9 n?m 2011 . Truy c?p ngay 19 thang 6 n?m 2014 .
^ “Questions raised over I&B ministry's digitisation numbers” . Business Standard . ngay 29 thang 10 n?m 2012.
^ “Home - Going Digital” . Digitaltelevision.ie. ngay 4 thang 6 n?m 2012. B?n g?c l?u tr? ngay 4 thang 10 n?m 2011 . Truy c?p ngay 1 thang 8 n?m 2012 .
^ “[Dpa] 社?法人デジタル放送推進協?” . Dpa.or.jp. ngay 24 thang 7 n?m 2011. B?n g?c l?u tr? ngay 10 thang 12 n?m 2009 . Truy c?p ngay 1 thang 8 n?m 2012 .
^ “Posible, concluir apagon analogico en 2015: Cofetel” (b?ng ti?ng Tay Ban Nha). El Economista. ngay 3 thang 6 n?m 2013 . Truy c?p ngay 11 thang 6 n?m 2013 .
^ “When is my area” . Going Digital. B?n g?c l?u tr? ngay 17 thang 10 n?m 2011 . Truy c?p ngay 1 thang 8 n?m 2012 .
^ “DVB-T je realitou u? aj na Slovensku” . B?n g?c l?u tr? ngay 1 thang 5 n?m 2013 . Truy c?p ngay 28 thang 12 n?m 2012 .
^ “Vypinanie vybranych analogovych vysiela?ov” . B?n g?c l?u tr? ngay 15 thang 3 n?m 2013 . Truy c?p ngay 28 thang 12 n?m 2012 .
^ “Era analogoveho vysielania sa definitivne kon?i” . B?n g?c l?u tr? ngay 21 thang 10 n?m 2013 . Truy c?p ngay 28 thang 12 n?m 2012 .
^ Onda Digital inicia sus emisiones en pruebas El Mundo , ngay 16 thang 11 n?m 1999
^ El "apagon analogico", dividido en cuatro fases, culminara finalmente el 3 de abril de 2010 ^{[
lien k?t h?ng
]} Mundoplus , ngay 7 thang 9 n?m 2007
^ Webfactory www.webfactory.ie. “Digital Video Broadcasting - Tunisia” . DVB. B?n g?c l?u tr? ngay 28 thang 2 n?m 2012 . Truy c?p ngay 1 thang 8 n?m 2012 .
^ “digitaluk.co.uk” . digitaluk.co.uk. ngay 6 thang 4 n?m 2011 . Truy c?p ngay 1 thang 8 n?m 2012 .
^ P.R. China (ngay 19 thang 7 n?m 2011). “FCC Sets Deadlines for LPTV, TV Translator and Class A Stations To Convert to Digital - And Gives Hints When Television Spectrum May Be Reclaimed for Broadband” . Broadcast Law Blog . Truy c?p ngay 1 thang 8 n?m 2012 .

đ?c them [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

Hart, Jeffrey A. (2004). Television, technology, and competition: HDTV and digital TV in the United States, Western Europe, and Japan (PDF) . New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-82624-1 . B?n g?c (PDF) l?u tr? ngay 15 thang 5 n?m 2012 . Truy c?p ngay 1 thang 9 n?m 2015 .

Lien k?t ngoai [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

EU Switchover from analog to digital broadcasting
Digital Switchover UK L?u tr? 2013-10-08 t?i Wayback Machine
Digital UK
Handbook on Analog Switch Off (ASO, 2008) L?u tr? 2015-06-26 t?i Wayback Machine at Digital Television Action Group (DigiTAG) L?u tr? 2015-06-26 t?i Wayback Machine

|} Xem them

Truy?n hinh k? thu?t s?

[digitalready.gov.au-1] “Digital TV Switchover Australia: Digital TV timetable by region” . Australian Government Digital Switchover Taskforce. ngay 26 thang 10 n?m 2012. B?n g?c l?u tr? ngay 18 thang 10 n?m 2012 . Truy c?p ngay 29 thang 11 n?m 2012 .

[2] “Transicao para radio e TV digitais comeca em 2015 | INFO” . Info.abril.com.br. B?n g?c l?u tr? ngay 16 thang 1 n?m 2014 . Truy c?p ngay 13 thang 1 n?m 2014 .

[vlada.hr-3] “Dobrodo?li u digitalno doba! / Vijesti / Digitalna televizija / Aktualne teme / Aktualne teme i projekti / Vlada Republike Hrvatske - slu?beni web portal” (b?ng ti?ng Croatia). Vlada.hr. B?n g?c l?u tr? ngay 25 thang 4 n?m 2014 . Truy c?p ngay 1 thang 8 n?m 2012 .

[mediar.cz-4] “Analogove vysilani televize skon?i v ?esku 12. 2. 2012. Kone?n? vypina i Nova” (b?ng ti?ng Sec). mediar.cz . Truy c?p ngay 13 thang 9 n?m 2012 .

[csa.fr-5] “Page introuvable / Accueil” (PDF) (b?ng ti?ng Phap). CSA.fr. B?n g?c (PDF) l?u tr? ngay 28 thang 9 n?m 2011 . Truy c?p ngay 1 thang 8 n?m 2012 .

[6] (Hungarian) “A new era in the Hungarian television - Start of the residential phase of digital switchover” . ngay 11 thang 3 n?m 2013.

[Hungary_set_for_digital_switchover-7] “Hungary set for digital switchover” . Truy c?p ngay 20 thang 3 n?m 2013 .

[8] “B?n sao đa l?u tr?” . B?n g?c l?u tr? ngay 5 thang 9 n?m 2011 . Truy c?p ngay 19 thang 6 n?m 2014 .

[BStand-9] “Questions raised over I&B ministry's digitisation numbers” . Business Standard . ngay 29 thang 10 n?m 2012.

[digitaltelevision.ie-10] “Home - Going Digital” . Digitaltelevision.ie. ngay 4 thang 6 n?m 2012. B?n g?c l?u tr? ngay 4 thang 10 n?m 2011 . Truy c?p ngay 1 thang 8 n?m 2012 .

[11] “[Dpa] 社?法人デジタル放送推進協?” . Dpa.or.jp. ngay 24 thang 7 n?m 2011. B?n g?c l?u tr? ngay 10 thang 12 n?m 2009 . Truy c?p ngay 1 thang 8 n?m 2012 .

[Mexico-12] “Posible, concluir apagon analogico en 2015: Cofetel” (b?ng ti?ng Tay Ban Nha). El Economista. ngay 3 thang 6 n?m 2013 . Truy c?p ngay 11 thang 6 n?m 2013 .

[13] “When is my area” . Going Digital. B?n g?c l?u tr? ngay 17 thang 10 n?m 2011 . Truy c?p ngay 1 thang 8 n?m 2012 .

[14] “DVB-T je realitou u? aj na Slovensku” . B?n g?c l?u tr? ngay 1 thang 5 n?m 2013 . Truy c?p ngay 28 thang 12 n?m 2012 .

[15] “Vypinanie vybranych analogovych vysiela?ov” . B?n g?c l?u tr? ngay 15 thang 3 n?m 2013 . Truy c?p ngay 28 thang 12 n?m 2012 .

[16] “Era analogoveho vysielania sa definitivne kon?i” . B?n g?c l?u tr? ngay 21 thang 10 n?m 2013 . Truy c?p ngay 28 thang 12 n?m 2012 .

[17] Onda Digital inicia sus emisiones en pruebas El Mundo , ngay 16 thang 11 n?m 1999

[18] El "apagon analogico", dividido en cuatro fases, culminara finalmente el 3 de abril de 2010 ^{[
lien k?t h?ng
]} Mundoplus , ngay 7 thang 9 n?m 2007

[DVB_Tunisia-19] Webfactory www.webfactory.ie. “Digital Video Broadcasting - Tunisia” . DVB. B?n g?c l?u tr? ngay 28 thang 2 n?m 2012 . Truy c?p ngay 1 thang 8 n?m 2012 .

[digitaluk1-20] “digitaluk.co.uk” . digitaluk.co.uk. ngay 6 thang 4 n?m 2011 . Truy c?p ngay 1 thang 8 n?m 2012 .

[broadcastlawblog.com-21] P.R. China (ngay 19 thang 7 n?m 2011). “FCC Sets Deadlines for LPTV, TV Translator and Class A Stations To Convert to Digital - And Gives Hints When Television Spectrum May Be Reclaimed for Broadband” . Broadcast Law Blog . Truy c?p ngay 1 thang 8 n?m 2012 .

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x t s Vi?n thong (t?ng quat)
L?ch s?	đen hi?u Phat thanh H? th?ng b?o v? cap Truy?n hinh cap V? tinh thong tin M?ng may tinh Nen d? li?u đ?nh d?ng ma hoa am thanh Bi?n đ?i cosin r?i r?c Nen ?nh đ?nh d?ng ma hoa video Ph??ng ti?n truy?n thong k? thu?t s? Internet video D?ch v? l?u tr? video Ph??ng ti?n truy?n thong m?ng xa h?i Ph??ng ti?n truy?n phat tr?c ti?p Tr?ng đ?nh lu?t Edholm May đi?n bao Fax May đo đi?n tam đ? May đi?n bao th?y l?c Th?i đ?i Thong tin Cach m?ng thong tin L?ch s? Internet Truy?n thong đ?i chung L?ch s? đi?n tho?i di đ?ng đi?n tho?i thong minh Thong tin quang đi?n bao quang h?c May nh?n tin Photophone đi?n tho?i di đ?ng tr? tr??c L?ch s? phat thanh đi?n tho?i vo tuy?n V? tinh thong tin Semaphore Ch?t ban d?n Linh ki?n ban d?n MOSFET Transistor Tin hi?u khoi Vi?n thong May đi?n bao đi?n bao May đi?n tho?i (teletype) đi?n tho?i The Telephone Cases Truy?n hinh Truy?n hinh k? thu?t s? Truy?n hinh Internet Cap thong tin lien l?c tau ng?m Videotelephony Ngon ng? huyt sao Cach m?ng khong day
Ng??i tien phong	Nasir Ahmed Edwin Howard Armstrong Mohamed M. Atalla John Logie Baird Paul Baran John Bardeen Alexander Graham Bell Tim Berners-Lee Jagadish Chandra Bose Walter Houser Brattain Vinton Cerf Claude Chappe Yogen Dalal Donald Davies Thomas Edison Lee de Forest Philo Farnsworth Reginald Fessenden Elisha Gray Oliver Heaviside Erna Schneider Hoover Harold Hopkins Bob Kahn Dawon Kahng Cao Con Narinder Singh Kapany Hedy Lamarr Innocenzo Manzetti Guglielmo Marconi Robert Metcalfe Antonio Meucci Jun-ichi Nishizawa Radia Perlman Alexander Stepanovich Popov Johann Philipp Reis Claude Shannon Henry Sutton Nikola Tesla Camille Tissot Alfred Vail Charles Wheatstone Vladimir K. Zworykin
Moi tr??ng	Cap đ?ng tr?c Truy?n thong s?i quang S?i quang h?c Giao ti?p quang trong khong gian t? do Giao ti?p phan t? Song vo tuy?n Wireless đ??ng day truy?n t?i M?ch truy?n d? li?u M?ch vi?n thong
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Lo?i m?ng	M?ng thi?t b? di đ?ng Ethernet ISDN M?ng c?c b? đi?n tho?i di đ?ng M?ng th? h? m?i M?ng đi?n tho?i chuy?n m?ch cong c?ng M?ng vo tuy?n M?ng truy?n hinh đi?n tin UUCP M?ng di?n r?ng M?ng khong day M?ng khu v?c Internet M?ng nano
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