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Calendar year
Wikimedia Commons has media related to
1992
.
1992
(
MCMXCII
) was a
leap year starting on Wednesday
of the
Gregorian calendar
, the 1992nd year of the
Common Era
(CE) and
Anno Domini
(AD) designations, the 992nd year of the
2nd millennium
, the 92nd year of the
20th century
, and the 3rd year of the
1990s
decade.
Calendar year
1992 was designated as
International Space Year
by the
United Nations
.
Events
[
edit
]
January
[
edit
]
February
[
edit
]
- February 1
? President of the United States
George H. W. Bush
meets with President of Russia
Boris Yeltsin
at
Camp David
, where they formally declare that the
Cold War
is over.
[10]
- February 3
? South African State President
F.W. de Klerk
and
Nelson Mandela
,
African National Congress
leader, are jointly awarded the
Felix Houphouet-Boigny Peace Prize
at the
UNESCO
headquarters in Paris.
- February 4
? In
Venezuela
,
Hugo Chavez
leads
an unsuccessful coup attempt
against President of Venezuela
Carlos Andres Perez
.
[11]
- February 6
?
Queen Elizabeth II
of the United Kingdom and other
Commonwealth realms
celebrates her
Ruby Jubilee
, marking 40 years since her accession to the thrones of the
United Kingdom
,
Canada
,
Australia
and
New Zealand
.
[12]
- February 7
? The
Maastricht Treaty
is signed, founding the
European Union
.
[13]
- February 8
? The opening ceremony for the
1992 Winter Olympics
is held in
Albertville
, France.
[14]
- February 9
?
Algerian Civil War
: The government of
Algeria
declares a
state of emergency
and begins a crackdown on the
Islamic Salvation Front
.
[15]
- February 14
?
Ukraine
and four other nations in the
Commonwealth of Independent States
reject Russia's proposal to maintain unified armed forces. Ukraine,
Moldova
and
Azerbaijan
announce they will go ahead with plans to create their own military forces.
- February 16
? In
Lebanon
,
Israeli
helicopter gunships assassinate
Abbas al-Musawi
, the leader of
Hezbollah
, and his son, in retaliation for a February 14 raid that killed three Israeli soldiers.
- February 18
?
Iraq disarmament crisis
: The Executive Chairman of
UNSCOM
details
Iraq
's refusal to abide by UN Security Council disarmament resolutions.
- February 21
? The
United Nations Security Council
approves
Resolution 743
to send a
UNPROFOR
peacekeeping force to
Yugoslavia
.
- February 25
?
26
? 613
Azerbaijani
civilians are
massacred in Khojaly
.
[16]
- February 26
? The
Supreme Court of Ireland
rules that a 14-year-old rape victim may travel to the United Kingdom to have an abortion.
- February 28
? Ownership of the port town of
Walvis Bay
is transferred from South Africa to
Namibia
.
March
[
edit
]
- March 1
? The first victims of the Bosnian War are a Serb bridegroom's father and an Orthodox priest in a Sarajevo shooting.
[17]
In the
Bosnian independence referendum
, held from February 29 to March 1 and boycotted by
Bosnian Serbs
, the majority of the
Bosniak
and
Bosnian Croat
communities have voted for
Bosnia-Herzegovina
's independence.
- March 2
? In
Dub?sari
, Moldova, escalating tensions turn into open hostilities and the beginning of the
Transnistria War
.
- March 4
? The Supreme Court of Algeria bans the
Islamic Salvation Front
, which is poised to win control of the
Parliament of Algeria
in runoff elections.
- March 12
?
Mauritius
becomes a
republic
while remaining a member of the
Commonwealth of Nations
.
- March 13
? The 6.7
Erzincan earthquake
affects eastern
Turkey
with a maximum
Mercalli intensity
of VIII (
Severe
), killing 498?652 and injuring around 2,000.
- March 18
?
White South Africans
vote in favour of political reforms
which will end the
apartheid
regime and create a power-sharing multi-racial government.
[18]
- March 22
- March 24
? The
Treaty on Open Skies
is signed in Helsinki, Finland, to establish a program of unarmed surveillance flights over the 34 member states. It went into effect on January 1, 2002.
[19]
- March 25
? The
International Atomic Energy Agency
orders
Iraq
to destroy an industrial complex at
Al Atheer
that is being used to manufacture nuclear weapons.
- March 31
? The
Maintenance of Religious Harmony Act
of
Singapore
comes into force.
[20]
April
[
edit
]
- April 5
- April 6
? The
Republic of Ilirida
is proclaimed by
Albanian
Macedonian activists in
Struga
,
Republic of Macedonia
.
[21]
- April 7
? The United States recognizes the independence of
Slovenia
,
Croatia
, and
Bosnia and Herzegovina
. The
European Communities
also recognizes
Bosnia and Herzegovina
.
- April 9
- April 10
- April 13
? The 5.3
Roermond earthquake
affects the
Netherlands
,
Germany
and
Belgium
with a maximum
Mercalli intensity
of VII (
Very strong
).
- April 15
? The
National Assembly of Vietnam
adopts the 1992
Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam
.
- April 16
? President of Afghanistan
Mohammad Najibullah
is ousted and detained by Muslim rebels moving towards
Kabul
, setting the stage for the
civil war in Afghanistan (1992?96)
.
- April 20
?
The Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert
, held at
Wembley Stadium
, London, is televised live to over one billion people and raises millions of dollars for
AIDS
research.
- April 21
? The death of
Grand Duke Vladimir Kirillovich of Russia
results in a succession dispute between
Nicholas Romanov, Prince of Russia
and Vladimir's daughter
Maria
for the leadership of the Imperial Family of Russia.
- April 22
? Fuel leaking into a sewer causes
a series of explosions
in
Guadalajara
, Mexico; 215 are killed, 1,500 injured.
- April 27
?
Betty Boothroyd
becomes the first woman elected
Speaker of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom
.
- April 28
? The two remaining constituent republics of the former
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
?
Serbia
and
Montenegro
? form a new state, named the
Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
(which in
2003
becomes
Serbia and Montenegro
), bringing to an end the official state union of Serbs, Croats, Slovenes, Montenegrins, Bosniaks and Macedonians that has existed since
1918
(with the exception of an occupation period during
World War II
).
- April 29
- Los Angeles riots
: The acquittal of four police officers in the
Rodney King
beating criminal trial triggers massive rioting in Los Angeles.
[23]
The riots will last for six days resulting in 63 deaths and over $1 billion in damages before order is restored by the military.
- In
Sierra Leone
, a group of young soldiers launch a military coup that sends president
Joseph Saidu Momoh
into exile in
Guinea
, and the National Provisional Ruling Council (NPRC) is established with 25-year-old Captain
Valentine Strasser
as its chairman and Head of State of the country.
[24]
- April 30
?
Br?ko bridge massacre
: around 100 Croat and Bosniak civilians are blown up while crossing the bridge across the
Sava
in
Br?ko
,
Bosnia and Herzegovina
.
June
[
edit
]
- June 2
? In a
national referendum
Denmark rejects the
Maastricht Treaty
by a narrow margin.
- June 3
?
14
? The
Earth Summit
is held in
Rio de Janeiro
.
[32]
- June 8
? The first
World Oceans Day
is celebrated, coinciding with the
Earth Summit
held in
Rio de Janeiro
,
Brazil
.
- June 10
?
26
?
Sweden
hosts the
UEFA Euro 1992
football tournament, which is won by
Denmark
.
- June 16
? A "Joint Understanding" agreement on arms reduction is signed by U.S. President
George H. W. Bush
and Russian President
Boris Yeltsin
(this is later codified in
START II
).
[33]
- June 17
- Two German relief workers held since 1989, Thomas Kemptner and Heinrich Struebig, are handed over to the German authorities after their release; they are the last Western hostages in Lebanon.
[34]
- Violence breaks out between the
African National Congress
and the
Inkatha Freedom Party
in
Boipatong
, South Africa, leaving 46 dead.
- June 18
?
Ireland
votes for the
Eleventh Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland
to accept the
Maastricht Treaty
with a popular vote of over 69%.
[35]
- June 20
- June 21
?
Nelson Mandela
announces that the
African National Congress
will halt negotiations with the government of South Africa following the
Boipatong massacre
of June 17.
- June 23
? The
Israeli legislative election
is won by the
Israeli Labor Party
under the leadership of
Yitzhak Rabin
, ousting a
Likud
government.
- June 25
? The
Black Sea Economic Cooperation
(BSEC) is founded.
- June 26
?
Denmark
beats
Germany
2?0 in
the final
to win the
1992 UEFA European Football Championship
at
Ullevi
Stadium in
Gothenburg
, Sweden.
- June 28
?
Estonia
holds a referendum on its
constitution
, which will come into effect on July 3.
July
[
edit
]
August
[
edit
]
September
[
edit
]
October
[
edit
]
- October 2
? A riot breaks out in the
Carandiru Penitentiary
in
Sao Paulo
,
Brazil
, resulting in the
Carandiru massacre
.
[41]
- October 3
? After performing a song protesting against alleged
Catholic Church child sexual abuse
, Irish singer-songwriter
Sinead O'Connor
rips up a photograph of
Pope John Paul II
on the US television programme
Saturday Night Live
, causing huge controversy.
- October 4
- October 6
?
Lennart Meri
becomes the first
President of Estonia
after regaining independence. The
Estonian Government in Exile
resigns on the next day.
- October 7
? In
Peru
,
Shining Path
leader
Abimael Guzman
is convicted of treason and sentenced to life in prison.
- October 11
? The
Catechism of the Catholic Church
is promulgated by
Pope John Paul II
with his
apostolic constitution
,
Fidei depositum
.
[43]
- October 12
- October 19
? The
Chinese Communist Party
promotes several market-oriented reformers to the
Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
, signaling a defeat for hard-line ideologues.
- October 20
? The last
Yugoslav Army
troops leave
Croatia
.
[44]
- October 21
? 150,000 coal miners march in London to protest government plans to close coal mines and reduce the number of miners.
[45]
- October 23
? Emperor of Japan
Akihito
begins the first imperial visit to China, telling a Beijing audience he feels deep sorrow for the suffering of the Chinese people during World War II.
- October 25
?
Lithuania
holds
a referendum
on
its first constitution
after declaring independence from the
Soviet Union
in 1990.
- October 26
? In a
national referendum
, voters in Canada reject the
Charlottetown Accord
.
- October 31
?
Pope John Paul II
issues an apology and lifts the
1633
edict of the
Inquisition
against
Galileo Galilei
.
[46]
November
[
edit
]
- November 3
? In the
1992 United States presidential election
, Democratic
Arkansas
Governor
Bill Clinton
defeats Republican President
George H. W. Bush
and Independent
Ross Perot
.
- November 8
? More than 350,000 people rally in Berlin to protest right-wing violence against immigrants; stones and eggs are thrown at President of Germany
Richard von Weizsacker
and Chancellor of Germany
Helmut Kohl
.
- November 11
? The
Church of England
votes to allow women to become priests.
- November 13
- November 14
– In poor conditions caused by
Cyclone Forrest
,
Vietnam Airlines Flight 474
crashes near
Nha Trang
, killing 30.
[47]
[48]
[49]
- November 15
? The
Lithuanian parliamentary election
sees the Communists of the
Democratic Labour Party of Lithuania
, led by
Algirdas Brazauskas
, return to power.
- November 18
? Russian President
Boris Yeltsin
releases the flight data recorder (FDR) and cockpit voice recorder (CVR) of
Korean Air Flight 007
, which was shot down by the Soviets in
1983
.
- November 24
? In China,
China Southern Airlines Flight 3943
, a
China Southern Airlines
domestic flight, crashes, killing all 141 people on board.
- November 25
- November 27
? The
government of Venezuela
puts down
a coup attempt
by a group of
Air Force
officers who have bombed the presidential palace.
December
[
edit
]
- December 1
?
South Korea
and
South Africa
reestablish diplomatic relations.
South Korea
previously had diplomatic relations with South Africa from 1961 to 1978, when they were severed by the former due to the latter's policy of
apartheid
.
- December 3
?
UN Security Council Resolution 794
is unanimously passed, approving a coalition of
United Nations
peacekeepers led by the United States to form
UNITAF
, tasked with ensuring that humanitarian aid gets distributed and establishing peace in
Somalia
.
- December 4
? U.S. military forces land in
Somalia
.
- December 6
?
Demolition of Babri Masjid
: Extremist Hindu activists in India demolish
Babri Masjid
? a 16th-century
mosque
in
Ayodhya
which has been used as a temple since
1949
? leading to widespread communal violence, including the
Bombay riots
, in all killing over 1,500 people.
- December 12
? The 7.8
Flores earthquake
affects the
Lesser Sunda Islands
in
Indonesia
with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (
Severe
) leaving at least 2,500 dead. A destructive tsunami with wave heights of 25 m (82 ft) follows.
- December 16
? The
Czech National Council
adopts the
Constitution of the Czech Republic
.
[50]
- December 18
? The
South Korean presidential election
is won by
Kim Young-sam
, the first non-military candidate elected since 1961.
[51]
- December 21
? President of Serbia
Slobodan Milo?evi?
defeats
Milan Pani?
in the
Serbian presidential election
.
- December 22
? The
Archives of Terror
are discovered by
Martin Almada
in Asuncion, detailing the fates of thousands of Latin Americans who have been secretly kidnapped, tortured and killed by the security services of Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay in
Operation Condor
.
[52]
Births and deaths
[
edit
]
Nobel Prizes
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
"Boutros Boutros-Ghali"
.
United Nations
. Retrieved
November 11,
2020
.
- ^
Bill Frelick (1994).
Faultlines of Nationality Conflict: Refugees and Displaced Persons from Armenia and Azerbaijan
. U.S. Committee for Refugees. p. 15.
- ^
Daily Report: Soviet Union
. The Service. 1992. pp. 78?81.
- ^
Daily Report: East Europe
. The Service. 1992. pp. 16?18.
- ^
"Zakon o praznicima Republike Srpske"
. Zakoni (in Serbian).
People's Assembly of Republika Srpska
. 27 July 2005. Archived from
the original
on 11 June 2009
. Retrieved
10 April
2009
.
- ^
Wolszczan, A.; Frail, D. A. (1992). "A planetary system around the millisecond pulsar PSR1257+12".
Nature
.
355
(6356): 145?7.
Bibcode
:
1992Natur.355..145W
.
doi
:
10.1038/355145a0
.
S2CID
4260368
.
- ^
Dieter Nohlen
& Philip Stover (2010)
Elections in Europe: A data handbook
, p369
ISBN
978-3-8329-5609-7
- ^
Campanella, Thomas J. (2012).
The Concrete Dragon: China's Urban Revolution and What it Means for the World
. Chronicle Books. p. 36.
ISBN
978-1-56898-948-8
.
- ^
E. O'Ballance (November 2, 1999).
The Congo-Zaire Experience, 1960?98
. Palgrave Macmillan UK. p. 144.
ISBN
978-0-230-28648-1
.
- ^
Michael Wines (February 2, 1992).
"Bush and Yeltsin declare formal end to Cold War"
.
New York Times
. Retrieved
February 15,
2022
.
- ^
BBC
, Thursday, 5 December 2002, 21:30 GMT, Profile: Hugo Chavez,
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/1925236.stm
Archived
26 March 2022 at the
Wayback Machine
- ^
"Times Daily - Google News Archive Search"
.
news.google.com
.
- ^
"Founding agreements"
.
European Union
. Retrieved
February 5,
2022
.
- ^
The World Factbook
. Central Intelligence Agency. 1992. p. 406.
- ^
United Nations. Human Rights Committee (1991).
Official Records of the Human Rights Committee
. UN. pp. 162?168.
- ^
Smolowe, Jill (March 16, 1992).
"TIME Magazine ? Tragedy Massacre in Khojaly"
.
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. Archived from
the original
on February 28, 2005
. Retrieved
April 28,
2014
.
- ^
"Timeline of the War in Bosnia"
. Archived from
the original
on June 19, 2009
. Retrieved
June 23,
2009
.
- ^
"1992: South Africa votes for change"
.
BBC News
. March 18, 1992.
- ^
The Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe: Analysis and Basic Documents, 1972-1993
. Springer Netherlands. 1993. p. 78.
- ^
Tey Tsun Hang
(2008),
"Excluding Religion from Politics and Enforcing Religious Harmony ? Singapore-Style"
,
Singapore Journal of Legal Studies
,
2008
: 118?142
- ^
Geert-Hinrich Ahrens (2007).
Diplomacy on the Edge: Containment of Ethnic Conflict and the Minorities Working Group of the Conferences on Yugoslavia
. Woodrow Wilson Center Press. p. 399.
ISBN
978-0-8018-8557-0
.
- ^
Rohter, Larry (April 10, 1992).
"The Noriega Verdict; U.S. Jury Convicts Noriega of Drug-Trafficking Role as the Leader of Panama"
.
The New York Times
.
ISSN
0362-4331
. Retrieved
September 28,
2017
.
- ^
GregAlan Williams (February 1996).
A Gathering of Heroes: A Personal Memoir of the Los Angeles Riots
. Chicago Review Press, Incorporated. p. 103.
ISBN
978-0-89733-425-9
.
- ^
The World Factbook
. Central Intelligence Agency. 1992. p. 306.
- ^
"Bank of Lithuania : History"
. Archived from
the original
on September 6, 2016.
- ^
Robert W. Fricke (July 1992).
STS-49: Space shuttle mission report
(Report).
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
. p. 17. NASA-TM-108104
. Retrieved
November 27,
2020
.
- ^
Status of Ratification of the Convention
, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
, retrieved
May 10,
2015
- ^
"Did You Know"
.
CBC News
. Toronto. January 30, 2012.
Archived
from the original on May 17, 2012
. Retrieved
May 6,
2012
.
- ^
Arbatov, Alexei G., ed. (1999).
Russia and the West: the 21st century security environment
. Armonk, NY: Sharpe. p. 62.
ISBN
978-0765604323
.
Archived
from the original on August 23, 2019
. Retrieved
February 25,
2015
.
- ^
"New Arrests for Via D'Amelio Bomb Attack"
. corriere.it. March 8, 2012.
Archived
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. Retrieved
February 9,
2019
.
- ^
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. Routledge. p. 266.
ISBN
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.
- ^
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.
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.
- ^
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. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis. p. 146.
ISBN
9781317878872
.
- ^
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. Lebanese Center for Policy Studies. 1992. pp. 231?232.
- ^
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(PDF)
.
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. August 23, 2016. p. 44
. Retrieved
June 9,
2018
.
- ^
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. Psychology Press. p. 101.
ISBN
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.
- ^
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.
Il Corriere della Sera
(in Italian). RCS
. Retrieved
May 23,
2012
.
- ^
Ross, Timothy (July 24, 1992).
"Escobar escape humiliates Colombian leaders"
.
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– via www.theguardian.com.
- ^
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. Archived from
the original
(PDF)
on December 25, 2018.
List of participants by NOC's and sport.
- ^
Press, The Associated (September 29, 1992).
"167 Are Feared Dead in Crash of Airliner in Nepal"
.
The New York Times
.
ISSN
0362-4331
. Retrieved
June 9,
2024
.
- ^
Brooke, James (October 4, 1992).
"111 Killed When Police Storm Brazilian Prison During Inmate Riot"
.
The New York Times
.
ISSN
0362-4331
. Retrieved
January 30,
2018
.
- ^
"Aircraft accident report 92-11 : El Al Flight 1862 Boeing 747-258F 4X-AXG Bijlmermeer, Amsterdam 4 October 1992"
(PDF)
.
Nederlands Aviation Safety Board
. February 24, 1994. Archived from
the original
on June 26, 2008.
- ^
"Fidei depositum"
. Libreria Editrice Vaticana. October 11, 1992
. Retrieved
June 14,
2012
.
- ^
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.
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.
- ^
"150,000 marchers brave downpour to back miners"
.
The Independent
. October 26, 1992.
Archived
from the original on May 1, 2022.
- ^
"Vatican admits Galileo was right"
.
New Scientist
(1846). November 7, 1992
. Retrieved
August 9,
2007
.
.
- ^
Tropical Cyclones in 1992
(PDF)
.
Hong Kong Observatory
(Report). September 1994. p. 17. Archived from
the original
(PDF)
on September 30, 2013
. Retrieved
May 24,
2014
.
- ^
"Typhoon Plane Crashes".
Evening Standard
. November 16, 1992. p. 20.
? via Lexis Nexis
(subscription required)
- ^
"Accident description: VN-A449"
. Aviation Safety Network. 2014
. Retrieved
May 24,
2014
.
- ^
Rett R. Ludwikowski (1996).
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. Duke University Press. p. 374.
ISBN
978-0-8223-1797-5
.
- ^
Croissant, Aurel.
"Electoral Politics in South Korea"
(PDF)
. Friedrich Ebert Foundation. p. 266.
- ^
Mike Ceaser (March 11, 2002).
"Paraguay's archive of terror"
.
BBC
.
Sources
[
edit
]