????????

????????
???????? ; State of Hawaii (??????) ; Moku ʻ ?ina o Hawai ʻ i (?????)
	???
	; ?? ; ???
	????: ??? ?????? (??????), ; ?????????????????, ??????????????, ??? 808
	??????: " ???????????????????????????????????? " ; ( ????? : Ua Mau ke Ea o ka ʻ ?ina i ka Pono )
	????: " ???????????? " ; ( ????? : Hawai ʻ i Pono ʻ ? )
	???????????????????????
??????	?????
????????????????	???????????
?????????????	21 ??????? 1959 ; 64 ?????? (???????? 50)
????????? ; (???????????????)	????????
?????????????	????????
?????????
? ?????????	??? ???? ( ? )
? ????????????	??????? ???? (?)
??????????????	??????????????????????
? ??????	???????
? ???????	??????????????
???????????	??????????????
?????????????	?????? ????? (?) ; ???? ?????? (?) ;
????????????????????	1 : ???? ??? (?) ; 2 : ????? ?????? (?)
???????
? ???????	10,931 ??.???? (28,311 ??.??.)
? ???????	6,423 ??.???? (16,638 ??.??.)
? ???????	4,507 ??.???? (11,672 ??.??.) 41.2%
?????????????	????????? 43
????
? ???????	1,522 ???? (2,450 ????????)
???????	3,030 ??? (920 ????)
???????????????? ( ????????? )	13,796 ??? (4,205.0 ????)
???????????????? (??????????????? )	0 ??? (0 ????)
??????? (2020)
? ???????	1,455,271 ??
? ??????	????????? 40
? ???????????	221 ??/??.???? (82.6 ??/??.??.)
? ?????????????????	????????? 13
? ?????????????????????????	83,200 ???????
? ????????????	????????? 4
????
? ??????????	?????? , ?????
???????	UTC?10:00 ( ????????? )
????????????????	HI
???? ISO 3166	US-HI
????????????	H.I.
???????	18°?55′ ????? ??? 28°?27′ ?????
????????	154°?48′ ??????? ??? 178°?22′ ???????
????????	portal .ehawaii .gov

????? ( ?????? : Hawaii , ????????: /h??wa?.i/ ; ????? : Hawai ʻ i , ????????: [h??v?j?i] ???? [h??w?j?i] ) ?????????????? ?????????? ??? ????? ?????????? ??????????????? ?????????????????????????????????? 3,200 ???????? (2,000 ????) ??????????????????????????? ????????? ?????????????????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????????????????? ???????

?????????????????? ??????????? 137 ???????????????????????????? ?????????????? ???????????????????????????? 2,400 ???????? (1,500 ????) ????????????????????????????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ???????????????? ??? ??????????????? ^[8] ??????????????????????????????????????????????????? 4 ???????? ???????? ?????? 1,210 ???????? (750 ????) ???????? 8 ???????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????? ????? , ???? , ?????? , ?????? , ?????? , ?????????? , ????? ??? ????? ??????????????????????? ?????????????? "????????" ???? "?????????" ????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 4 ??????

??????? 50 ??????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????? 8 ?????????????????????????? ????????? 11 ???????????????????????? 1.4 ?????? ?????????????????? 13 ?????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ???????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?? ???????????? ????????????? ^[9] ????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ^[10] ??????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????? ????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????

?????????? ????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????? ?.?. 1000 ??? ?.?. 1200 ??????????????????????????????????????????????? ^[11] ?? ?.?. 1778 ????? ??? ????????????????? ???????????? (???????????) ?????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????? ???????? ????????????????????? ?????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ? ???????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????? 300,000 ??? 1,000,000 ?? ??????????? 40,000 ?????????? ?.?. 1890 ^[12]^[13]^[14]

????????????? ??????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????? ?.?. 1810 ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ?? ?.?. 1893 ????????????????????????????????? ?.?. 1898 ?????? ??????????? ??????????????????????????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??????????? 7 ??????? ?.?. 1941 ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ????????????????? 2 ???????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????? 21 ??????? ?.?. 1959 ^[15] ?? ?.?. 1993 ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

??????????????????????????????????? ??????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 20 ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????? ??????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ??????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ??????????????????? ?????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????? 75,000 ?? ^[16]

???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????? 3 ^[16] ??????????????????????? ????????????? ???????????????????????? ? ???????? ??????? 80.7 ?? ^[17]

???????????? [ ??? ]

??????????????????????? ????????? ?????????? ( Hawai ʻ i ) ????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????? ( Hawai ʻ iloa ) ??????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ^[18]^[19]

????? Hawai ʻ i ?? ????????? ??????????????????????? *Sawaiki ?? ?????????????????????? ?????????????? ??????????????? ??? "????????" ^[a] ?????????????? ???????? Hawai ʻ i ???????????????????????????????????? ? ???? ????????? ( Hawaiki ), ???????????? ( ʻ Avaiki ) ??? ????????? ( Savai ʻ i ) ?????????????????? ????????????? ???????? ^[21] "????????? ? ????????????? ????? Hawai ʻ i ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????? ?????????????????????????? ?" ^[22]

?????????? [ ??? ]

↑ Pollex?a reconstruction of the Proto-Polynesian lexicon, Biggs and Clark, 1994. ^[20] ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

??????? [ ??? ]

↑ Brodie, Carolyn S; Goodrich, Debra; Montgomery, Paula Kay (1996). The Bookmark Book . Englewood, CO: Libraries Unlimited. ISBN 9781563083006 . OCLC 34164045 . ??????????? August 5, 2015 .
↑ "Play Ball holds unforgettable 1st event in Hawaii" . MLB.com . ???? ????????????????? November 19, 2019 . ??????????? April 6, 2020 .
↑ Hawaii State Legislature. "Haw. Rev. Stat. § 5?9 (State motto)" . ???? ????????????????? October 15, 2015 . ??????????? December 9, 2013 .
↑ Hawaii State Legislature. "Haw. Rev. Stat. § 5?10 (State song)" . ????????????????????? ????????? ????? January 16, 2003 . ??????????? December 9, 2013 .
↑ "Summit USGS 1977" . NGS data sheet . U.S. National Geodetic Survey .
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 "Elevations and Distances in the United States" . United States Geological Survey . 2001. ????????????????????? ????????? ????? October 15, 2011 . ??????????? October 21, 2011 .
↑ "US Census Bureau QuickFacts: Hawaii" . US Census Bureau . ??????????? May 9, 2022 .
↑ "Is Hawaii a Part of Oceania or North America?" . WorldAtlas . January 12, 2018. ???? ????????????????? July 11, 2019 . ??????????? June 24, 2019 .
↑ " Religious Landscape Study ". Pewforum.org . May 11, 2015. Retrieved May 27, 2018
↑ "Hawaii is home to the nation's largest share of multiracial Americans" . Pew Research Center . ??????????? December 14, 2020 .
↑ Kirch, Patrick (2011). "When did the Polynesians Settle Hawaii? A review of 150 years of scholarly inquiry" . Hawaiian Archaeology . 12 : 3?26.
↑ Office of Hawaiian Affairs (May 2017). "Native Hawaiian Population Enumerations in Hawai'i" (PDF) . p. 22. ????????????????????? ????????? (PDF) ????? 2022-01-26 . ??????????? 2023-07-24 .
↑ Trask, Haunani-Kay (July 2016). "Lovely Hula Lands: Corporate Tourism and the Prostitution of Hawaiian Culture". Border/Lines . 23 .
↑ Trask, Haunani-Kay (1999). From a Native Daughter: Colonialism and Sovereignty in Hawai'i . Honolulu: University of Hawai?i.
↑ "[USC02] 48 USC Ch. 3: Front Matter" . uscode.house.gov . ???? ????????????????? October 29, 2018 . ??????????? October 28, 2019 .
↑ ^16.0 ^16.1 "Top 5 richest states in the US" . www.worldfinance.com . ????????????????????? ????????? ????? November 27, 2020 . ??????????? December 15, 2020 .
↑ Arias, Elizabeth (August 23, 2022). "National Vital Statistics Reports" (PDF) . CDC.gov . ??????????? February 20, 2023 . {{ cite web }}: CS1 maint: url-status ( ????? )
↑ Bruce Cartwright (1929). "The Legend of Hawaii-loa" (PDF) . Journal of the Polynesian Society . 38 : 105?121. ????????????????????? ????????? (PDF) ????? July 13, 2007 – ?????? Ethnomathematics Digital Library (EDL).
↑ "Origins of Hawaii's Names" . ????????????????????? ????????? ????? December 30, 2006 . ??????????? February 24, 2007 .
↑ Biggs, Bruce (1994). "Does M?ori have a closest relative?". ?? Sutton, Douglas G. (?.?.). The Origins of the First New Zealanders . Auckland, NZ: Auckland University Press. pp. 96?105. ISBN 978-1-86940-098-9 .
Clark, Ross (1994). "Moriori and M?ori: The Linguistic Evidence". ?? Sutton, Douglas G. (?.?.). The Origins of the First New Zealanders . Auckland, NZ: Auckland University Press. pp. 123?135. ISBN 978-1-86940-098-9 .
↑ Pukui, M.K.; Elbert, S.H. (1986). Hawaiian Dictionary . Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai?i Press. p. 62. ISBN 978-0-8248-0703-0 .
↑ Pukui, M.K.; Elbert, S.H.; Mookini, E.T. (1974). Place Names of Hawaii . Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai?i Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-0208-0 .

??????? [ ??? ]

??????????????? [ ??? ]

??????????????
???????? ??????????? Curlie
????????????????????????????????????? ???????? ??? ??????????????

21°30′N 158°00′W / 21.5°N 158.0°W / 21.5; -158.0 ( ???????? )

?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????????? ?????????? ???? ???????????????????????????????? ???????????????

[21] Pollex?a reconstruction of the Proto-Polynesian lexicon, Biggs and Clark, 1994. ^[20] ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

[The_Bookmark_Book-1] Brodie, Carolyn S; Goodrich, Debra; Montgomery, Paula Kay (1996). The Bookmark Book . Englewood, CO: Libraries Unlimited. ISBN 9781563083006 . OCLC 34164045 . ??????????? August 5, 2015 .

[2] "Play Ball holds unforgettable 1st event in Hawaii" . MLB.com . ???? ????????????????? November 19, 2019 . ??????????? April 6, 2020 .

[3] Hawaii State Legislature. "Haw. Rev. Stat. § 5?9 (State motto)" . ???? ????????????????? October 15, 2015 . ??????????? December 9, 2013 .

[State_Song-4] Hawaii State Legislature. "Haw. Rev. Stat. § 5?10 (State song)" . ????????????????????? ????????? ????? January 16, 2003 . ??????????? December 9, 2013 .

[5] "Summit USGS 1977" . NGS data sheet . U.S. National Geodetic Survey .

[USGS-6] 6.0 ^6.1 "Elevations and Distances in the United States" . United States Geological Survey . 2001. ????????????????????? ????????? ????? October 15, 2011 . ??????????? October 21, 2011 .

[7] "US Census Bureau QuickFacts: Hawaii" . US Census Bureau . ??????????? May 9, 2022 .

[8] "Is Hawaii a Part of Oceania or North America?" . WorldAtlas . January 12, 2018. ???? ????????????????? July 11, 2019 . ??????????? June 24, 2019 .

[9] " Religious Landscape Study ". Pewforum.org . May 11, 2015. Retrieved May 27, 2018

[10] "Hawaii is home to the nation's largest share of multiracial Americans" . Pew Research Center . ??????????? December 14, 2020 .

[:2-11] Kirch, Patrick (2011). "When did the Polynesians Settle Hawaii? A review of 150 years of scholarly inquiry" . Hawaiian Archaeology . 12 : 3?26.

[OHA-12] Office of Hawaiian Affairs (May 2017). "Native Hawaiian Population Enumerations in Hawai'i" (PDF) . p. 22. ????????????????????? ????????? (PDF) ????? 2022-01-26 . ??????????? 2023-07-24 .

[13] Trask, Haunani-Kay (July 2016). "Lovely Hula Lands: Corporate Tourism and the Prostitution of Hawaiian Culture". Border/Lines . 23 .

[14] Trask, Haunani-Kay (1999). From a Native Daughter: Colonialism and Sovereignty in Hawai'i . Honolulu: University of Hawai?i.

[15] "[USC02] 48 USC Ch. 3: Front Matter" . uscode.house.gov . ???? ????????????????? October 29, 2018 . ??????????? October 28, 2019 .

[:1-16] 16.0 ^16.1 "Top 5 richest states in the US" . www.worldfinance.com . ????????????????????? ????????? ????? November 27, 2020 . ??????????? December 15, 2020 .

[17] Arias, Elizabeth (August 23, 2022). "National Vital Statistics Reports" (PDF) . CDC.gov . ??????????? February 20, 2023 . {{ cite web }}: CS1 maint: url-status ( ????? )

[18] Bruce Cartwright (1929). "The Legend of Hawaii-loa" (PDF) . Journal of the Polynesian Society . 38 : 105?121. ????????????????????? ????????? (PDF) ????? July 13, 2007 – ?????? Ethnomathematics Digital Library (EDL).

[19] "Origins of Hawaii's Names" . ????????????????????? ????????? ????? December 30, 2006 . ??????????? February 24, 2007 .

[20] Biggs, Bruce (1994). "Does M?ori have a closest relative?". ?? Sutton, Douglas G. (?.?.). The Origins of the First New Zealanders . Auckland, NZ: Auckland University Press. pp. 96?105. ISBN 978-1-86940-098-9 .
Clark, Ross (1994). "Moriori and M?ori: The Linguistic Evidence". ?? Sutton, Douglas G. (?.?.). The Origins of the First New Zealanders . Auckland, NZ: Auckland University Press. pp. 123?135. ISBN 978-1-86940-098-9 .

[22] Pukui, M.K.; Elbert, S.H. (1986). Hawaiian Dictionary . Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai?i Press. p. 62. ISBN 978-0-8248-0703-0 .

[23] Pukui, M.K.; Elbert, S.H.; Mookini, E.T. (1974). Place Names of Hawaii . Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai?i Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-0208-0 .

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[a]

[21]

[22]

[20]