1973 ??????? ????????? ( 1973 oil crisis ) ???? ??????? ???????????? ???? ????????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???????? 1973??? ??????? ???????????? ????????? ????????????????? ?????????. ??? ???? ???????? ????|???? ???????? ?????????? "?????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ??????????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ????????????????. ^[1] It lasted until March 1974. ^[2] ???????? ???????????? ??????????? ???????????? ???????????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????????????? ????????, ????????? ???????, ??????????? ??????? ??????????????? ??????????? ???? ????????????? ?????? ????????? ????? ????? ?????????. ?????? ??? ???????? ????????? ????????? ????????????? ?????? ??????? ???????????????? ?????? ????????? ??????. ???? ??????? ????????????????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??????????????. ?????? ?????????????? ??????? ????????? ???? ??????? ?????????????????? ??????????? ??????? ???????? ???????, ??????,??????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????????????? ??????????? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ????????????? ?????????. ????? 18, 1974 ????? ???????? ??????????????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ???????????????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ????????. ????????????? ?????????????? ???????? ??? ????????????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ???????? ?? 1974??? ????????????? ??? ????????. ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ??? ???????????????? ?????????????. ^[2]

??????, ????????? ????????????? ??? ????????? ??????? ?????????????? ???????? ?????? ??????????????? ??????????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????????. ?? ????????? ?????? ??????? ???????????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ????????????? ?????????? ??????????????? ?????????????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ?????????? ??????.

?????? ??????????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????????; ???????? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ????????. ??????? ??????? ??????????????? ???? ????????? ????????? ??????? ?????????. (????? ?????? ????????? ?????????????. ^[3] ) ????????? ????? ????????????????? ???????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????????. ?????? ????????? ?????????????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ???? 1973 "??????? ???? ????????????? ", 1973-1974 ?????????? ??????? ???????????? ???????????? ???????????????? ??????????????. ^[4]

????? ????????? ?????????? [ ???? ]

?????????? ????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ?????????? ???????.????? (OPEC) ????????? ???????????? ????? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ???? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ?????????????? ????????????.?????? 1974 ??? ????? ??????? ???? ???????? ????????? $12 ???????? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????????.

??????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??? ?????????????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???? ??????. ?????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ????? ??????????. ???? ????????? 1973 ??? ????? ???????? ????? ????????? ??????-???????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ?????????,????,??????? ??????? ??????????? ???? ???? ?????????? ??????? ??????????? ???? ???????? ?????????.???? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ????????? ??? "??????? ??????" ????? ????????????.

?????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ???????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ??????????????.

??? ????????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????????????? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ????????????????, ????????? ??????? ?????????????? ?????????????.???? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????. ????????? ???????????? ????? ???? ????????? ??????????????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ?????????,???? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ??????????? ????????. ???? ??????? ?? ????????? ?????? ??????????? ?????????.?????? ????????????? ???? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ?????????????????????.?????? ??? ????? ????????? ???????? ????????????????? ??? ???????????????. 1973-74 ?????????? ??????????????? ??????????? ??? ????? ?????? ????????????? ???????? ?????? ???????????? ??????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ????????????????.?????? ??????????? , ??????? , ??????? , ??????????????? , ?????? ????? ????????? ?????? ????? ???????,???????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?????????????.??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????????????????.??????????? ???????? ??????????? ????????????? ???? ??? ??????? ???????????? ???????????????? ???? ????? ??? ???????????????. ??? ??? ???????? ??????? ???????? 1974 ??? ????????? ??????? ????? ?????????????????? ??????? ????????? ???? ??????????????????????.??????? ???? ????????? 1970 ????? ??? ????????? ??????? ?????????????? ?????????.

??????????? [ ???? ]

1. ↑ "???????????????????? ????" . Archived from the original on 2012-06-25 . ????????????? ???? 2012-04-19 .
2. ↑ ^{2.0 2.1} "Office of the Historian" . State.gov. Archived from the original on ???????? 13, 2007 . ????????????? ???? September 3, 2011 . {{ cite web }} : Check date values in: |archivedate= ( help )
3. ↑ Barsky, R.; Kilian, L.. "Oil and the Macroeconomy Since the 1970s" (PDF). CEPR Discussion Paper No. 4496 1001 : 48109?1220 . http://www.sais-jhu.edu/faculty/sandleris/Macro/Readings/R_Oil_and_the_Macroeconomy.pdf . ??????? ????: 7 June 2010  
4. ↑ Perron, P.; University, Princeton; Program, Econometric Research (1988) (PDF). The Great Crash, the Oil Price Shock and the Unit Root Hypothesis . Econometric Research Program, Princeton University Princeton, New Jersey . http://www.princeton.edu/~erp/ERParchives/archivepdfs/M338.pdf . ??????? ????: 3 February 2012  

??????? ???????????? [ ???? ]

• Ammann, Daniel (2009). The King of Oil: The Secret Lives of Marc Rich . New York: St. Martin‘s Press. ??????????? ?????????? ???   978-0-312-57074-3 .
• Alan S. Blinder, Economic Policy and the Great Stagflation (New York: Academic Press, 1979)
• Otto Eckstein, The Great Recession (Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1979)
• Mark E. Rupert and David P. Rapkin, "The Erosion of U.S. Leadership Capabilities"
• Paul M. Johnson and William R. Thompson, eds., Rhythms in Politics and Economics (New York: Praeger, 1985)

???? ?????????? [ ???? ]

• Saudi dove in the oil slick ? Sheikh Ahmed Zaki Yamani, former oil minister of Saudi Arabia gives his personal account of the 1973 energy crisis.
• EIA presentation: 25th Anniversary of the 1973 Oil Embargo
• 35 Years After the Arab Oil Embargo