Period of time from sunrise to noon
Morning
is the period from
sunrise
to
noon
. It is preceded by the
twilight
period of
dawn
. There are no exact times for when morning begins (also true of
evening
and
night
) because it can vary according to one's lifestyle and the hours of
daylight
at each time of year.
[1]
However, morning strictly ends at noon, which is when
afternoon
starts.
Morning precedes afternoon, evening, and night in the sequence of a
day
. Originally, the term referred to sunrise.
[2]
Etymology
[
edit
]
The
Modern English
words "morning" and "tomorrow" began in
Middle English
as
morwening
, developing into
morwen
, then
morwe
, and eventually
morrow
. English, unlike some other languages, has separate terms for "morning" and "tomorrow", despite their common root. Other languages, like
Dutch
,
Scots
and
German
, may use a single word –
morgen
– to signify both "morning" and "tomorrow".
[3]
[4]
Significance
[
edit
]
Cultural implications
[
edit
]
Morning
prayer
is a common practice in several religions. The morning period includes specific phases of the
Liturgy of the Hours
of Christianity.
Some languages that use the time of day in
greeting
have a special greeting for morning, such as the English
good morning
. The appropriate time to use such greetings, such as whether it may be used between midnight and
dawn
, depends on the culture's or speaker's concept of morning.
[5]
The use of
'good morning'
is ambiguous, usually depending on when the person woke up. As a general rule, the greeting is normally used from 3:00 a.m. to around noon.
Many people greet someone with the shortened 'morning' rather than 'good morning'. It is used as a greeting, never a farewell, unlike 'good night' which is used as the latter. To show respect, one can add the addressee's last name after the salutation:
Good morning, Mr. Smith.
For some, the word
morning
may refer to the period immediately following waking up, irrespective of the current time of day. This modern sense of
morning
is due largely to the worldwide spread of electricity, and the independence from natural light sources.
[6]
Astronomy
[
edit
]
When a star first appears in the east just prior to sunrise, it is referred to as a
heliacal rising
.
[7]
Despite the less favorable lighting conditions for
optical astronomy
, dawn and morning can be useful for observing objects
orbiting
close to the Sun. Morning (and evening) serves as the optimum time period for viewing the
inferior planets
Venus
and
Mercury
.
[8]
Venus and sometimes Mercury may be referred to as a morning star when they appear in the east prior to sunrise. It is a popular time to hunt for
comets
, as their
tails
grow more prominent as these objects draw closer to the Sun.
[9]
The morning (and evening) twilight is used to search for
near-Earth asteroids
that orbit inside the orbit of the Earth.
[10]
In
mid-latitudes
, the mornings near the
autumnal equinox
are a favorable time period for viewing the
zodiacal light
.
[11]
Genetics
[
edit
]
For people, the morning period may be a period of enhanced or reduced energy and productivity. The ability of a person to
wake up
effectively in the morning may be influenced by a
gene
called "
Period 3
". This gene comes in two forms, a "long" and a "short" variant. It seems to affect the person's preference for mornings or evenings. People who carry the long variant were over-represented as morning people, while the ones carrying the short variant were evening preference people.
[12]
See also
[
edit
]
- Crepuscular
? animals that are active primarily in the early morning and the evening
References
[
edit
]
- ^
Learner's Dictionary
- ^
Online Etymology Dictionary
- ^
Origin of the phrase "Good Morning
Archived
2012-02-03 at the
Wayback Machine
- ^
Etymology of the word "morning"
- ^
"Definition of good morning | Dictionary.com"
.
www.dictionary.com
. Retrieved
2019-12-31
.
- ^
"Why some of us are early risers"
.
BBC News
. London. 2003-06-17
. Retrieved
2008-01-30
.
- ^
Schaefer, Bradley E.
(1987). "Heliacal Rise Phenomena".
Journal for the History of Astronomy, Archaeoastronomy Supplement
.
18
: S19.
Bibcode
:
1987JHAS...18...19S
.
- ^
Grego, Peter (2008). "Recording Mercury and Venus".
Venus and Mercury, and How to Observe Them
. Astronomers’ Observing Guides. New York, NY.: Springer. pp. 177?206.
doi
:
10.1007/978-0-387-74286-1_5
.
ISBN
978-0-387-74285-4
.
- ^
Marsden, B. G. (1994). Milani, Andrea; Di Martino, Michel; Cellino, A. (eds.).
Search Programs for Comets
. Asteroids, Comets, Meteors 1993: Proceedings of the 160th Symposium of the International Astronomical Union, held in Belgirate, Italy, June 14-18, 1993. International Astronomical Union. Symposium no. 160. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers. p. 1.
Bibcode
:
1994IAUS..160....1M
.
- ^
Ye, Quanzhi; et al. (February 2020).
"A Twilight Search for Atiras, Vatiras, and Co-orbital Asteroids: Preliminary Results"
.
The Astronomical Journal
.
159
(2): 70.
arXiv
:
1912.06109
.
Bibcode
:
2020AJ....159...70Y
.
doi
:
10.3847/1538-3881/ab629c
. 70.
- ^
Cladera, Antoni.
"Zodiacal Light: The Definitive Photography Guide"
.
photopills.com
. Retrieved
2023-03-14
.
- ^
Gene determines sleep patterns
External links
[
edit
]
- Quotations related to
Morning
at Wikiquote
- The dictionary definition of
morning
at Wiktionary