??????? ??????

??????? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ????????? ? ????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ( ??????? )? ?? ???? ????? ??. ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? . ????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ????? ???? ????????? ??????? ??????? ? ???????? ??????? .

????? [ ??? ]

??? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????? Queen for a Day (???? ???? ????) ???? ??? ??? 1945 . ??? ?????? Jack Bailey (??? ?????) ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????????. ??? ???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ??????. ^[1]

??? ???? ?????? Candid Camera ??? ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??? 1948 ??? ???? ?? ?? ?? (?? ?? ??)? ?? ?????? ?????? Allen Funt (??? ????). ^[2]

???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? An American Family (????? ???????). ??? ??? 1973 ????? ??? 12 ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????. ???? ???? ???????? ???????? ?????????. ^[3]

??? ?????? ??????? ???????? America's Funniest Home Videos (???? ?????????? ???????? ?????????) ???? ??? ??? 1989 ????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? . ^[4]

??? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? Cops (????????) ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????????? ??????? ???. ^[5]

?????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????? Nummer 28 (??? 28)? ?? ?????? Erik Latour (???? ?????). ??? ??? 1991 ??? ???? Today TV? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????. ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? The Real World (?????? ???????) ??? ???? MTV ? ??? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ????? MTV ??? ????? ?? ≪????? ???????≫ ?? ???? ??????? ???????. ^[6]^[7]

??? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? The Amazing Race (?????? ??????)? Survivor (??????)? Fear Factor (???? ?????).

?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ????-???? ??? ??????? ? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ????????? ?? ??? ??????. ^[8]

????? ????? [ ??? ]

?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ???????. ??? ???? ?????? ??????. ????:

???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ???? ??????? . ??? ????? ????? ??? 2003 ??? 2016 ? ??????? ???? 15 ??????? ?? ???.
?????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ?????. ???? ??? ????? ??? 2004 ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ????? . ???? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?????????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???. ??? ?? ???. ??? ???????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????. ^[9]
?????? ??? ????? (???? ??????) ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????. ???? ??? 2004 ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? 2 ? ???? ???? ??? 11 ????? ?? ????? ???? ???????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ????? 9 ?????? ????? ??????.
?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????? (The Farm). ????? ?? ???? ????????? (?? ????????) 12 ??????? ?? ?????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????. ???? ??? 2005 ??? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?? .
???? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????. ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ????????? Momma's Boys (????? ????). ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?? 2007 ??? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??? ???? 24 ????? ???????? ???????? ??? ?? ?? ?? .
?? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??? 2011 ??? ???? ??? ??? ?? 1 . ???? ????? Stars On Board ( ???? ?? ????). ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???????.
?? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? 1 ?? 2010 ???? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? .
?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ????? . ??? ?? ????? ??? 2012. ??? ????? ????? ???? 3 ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? . ??? 20 ???????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? 3 ????? ??????? ?? ??????. ??? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???????. ^[10]
???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?? ???????? ??? 2014 ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? . ???? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ????. ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ????? ???? .
?????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ????????. ???? ???? ????????? ?? ????? ????? ???????. ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????. ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? . ????? ?????? ????? ?? 2012 ? ??????? ?? 2014 . ^[11]^[12]^[13]
?????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ?? 2018 . ????? ???? ???????? ??? 24 ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ????????? ????? ????? ????????. ??? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????.

????? [ ??? ]

^ Queen for a Day - tv.com ???? ?????? 04 ????? 2011 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ Candid Camera (1948) - IMDB ???? ?????? 14 ?????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ An American Family - PBS.org ???? ?????? 23 ?????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? . ^{[
???? ??????
]}
^ ABC's 'Home Videos' Pays Off Big - The New York Times ???? ?????? 24 ?????? 2020 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ Episodes: Cops - TV Guide ???? ?????? 22 ?????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ Zeven werklozen samen op zoek naar een baan - NRC Handelsblad ???? ?????? 17 ????? 2009 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ MTV's 'Real World' launched a revolution - USA Today ???? ?????? 26 ????? 2012 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ "Charlie Brooker's Screenwipe - Reality TV Editing - YouTube ???? ?????? 20 ????? 2018 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ "?????" ???? ????? ??? ???? "?????? ???" ????? ?????? ?? ??????? - ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? 01 ?????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ ???? "??????".. ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?????? "?? ?????" - ????? ???? ???? ?????? 20 ?????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ " "??????" ?????????? ????? 28 ????? ??????" . www.albiladpress.com . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2021-09-07 . ???? ???? ?????? 2021-09-07 .
^ "???????: ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ???????" . Alayam.com . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2017-11-07 . ???? ???? ?????? 2021-09-07 .
^ ???????? ???????. "??? ????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????" . ??????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2021-09-07 . ???? ???? ?????? 2021-09-07 .

????? ?????

?? ????? ??? ?????? ??: ??????? ??????

[1] Queen for a Day - tv.com ???? ?????? 04 ????? 2011 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[2] Candid Camera (1948) - IMDB ???? ?????? 14 ?????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[3] An American Family - PBS.org ???? ?????? 23 ?????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? . ^{[
???? ??????
]}

[4] ABC's 'Home Videos' Pays Off Big - The New York Times ???? ?????? 24 ?????? 2020 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[5] Episodes: Cops - TV Guide ???? ?????? 22 ?????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[6] Zeven werklozen samen op zoek naar een baan - NRC Handelsblad ???? ?????? 17 ????? 2009 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[7] MTV's 'Real World' launched a revolution - USA Today ???? ?????? 26 ????? 2012 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[8] "Charlie Brooker's Screenwipe - Reality TV Editing - YouTube ???? ?????? 20 ????? 2018 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[9] "?????" ???? ????? ??? ???? "?????? ???" ????? ?????? ?? ??????? - ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? 01 ?????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[10] ???? "??????".. ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?????? "?? ?????" - ????? ???? ???? ?????? 20 ?????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[11] " "??????" ?????????? ????? 28 ????? ??????" . www.albiladpress.com . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2021-09-07 . ???? ???? ?????? 2021-09-07 .

[12] "???????: ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ???????" . Alayam.com . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2017-11-07 . ???? ???? ?????? 2021-09-07 .

[13] ???????? ???????. "??? ????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????" . ??????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2021-09-07 . ???? ???? ?????? 2021-09-07 .

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