?????? ???????

????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? (?????) ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??????. ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? . ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????? . ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ????:

1. ?????
2. ?????
3. ?????

??? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ????????? ???? ????? ????????? (???????) ?? ??????. ????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ???????.

??? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ????????. ?????? ???? ????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ?????????.

????? ????? ???????? ?????????? [ ??? ]

??? ????? ????? ???????? ?????????? ????? ????? ??????:

1.????? ?? ??? ???????.

2. ????? ???????.

3. ????? ?? ??? ???????.

??????? ??????: ????? ?? ??? ???????

??? ???? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????:

1. ?????? ?????? ????????: ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ???????? ???? ?????.

2. ???????: ??? ???? ????? ?????????? ?????????? ???? ???? ????????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ????.

3. ????? ??? ?????: ????? ?????? ????????? ??? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ????????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????????.

4. ????? ?????????: ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????.

??????? ???????: ????? ???????

??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????:

1. ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????.

2. ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????????? ?????? ??????.

3. ????? ????? ???????: ??? ??? ????????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?????.

4. ??? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ???????.

????: ?????? ????? ???????:

??? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ????????? ????????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????: ?. ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????. ?. ?????? ??? ??????? ????????? ??? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ????????. ????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????????.

??????? ???????: ????? ?? ??? ???????

??? ??? ??????? ???? ???????? ??????:

1. ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ?? ?????.

2. ????? ????????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?????????.

3. ????? ?? ???????.

4. ????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ?????????.

5. ??? ?????.

6. ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ????? ?????????.

7. ?????.

8. ????.

?????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????.

^[1]

???? [ ??? ]

???? ?? ????? ???????? ??????????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?? ????? ????????.
??? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ?????

?????? ????????? (???????) [ ??? ]

????? ?? ???? ????????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????????? ???? ???? ????????? . ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????.

???????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ???? ?????????. ????? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??????. ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????.

??? ????? ???? ???????? ?????????? [ ??? ]

??????: ??? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ???? ?????? ???????????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????.

?????: ????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?????????.

??????: ????? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????.

??????: ?????? ?????????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ????????? ?????? ???? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?? ????????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ????? ???.

??? ?????: ??? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??? ?? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ?????????.

??????: ?? ???? ???????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ?? ???. ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ???????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?? ????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???. ^[2]

???? ????? [ ??? ]

???????? ??????

????? [ ??? ]

^ ????????????.??????? ?????????.???:??????????????? 2011
^ ????????????.??? ??? ? ???? ??????? ?????????.????:????? ??????? ????? ? ???????.2014

????? ?????

?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? :

??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????.
????? ?? ???? ???????.

[1] ????????????.??????? ?????????.???:??????????????? 2011

[2] ????????????.??? ??? ? ???? ??????? ?????????.????:????? ??????? ????? ? ???????.2014

[1]

[2]

? ? ? ?????? ??? ???????
????? ???????	????? ??????? \| ????? ????? \| ????? ????? ????????? \| ??????? ?????
????? ?????????	???? ??????? \| ???? ????????? \| ???? ??????? \| ????? ????? \| ????? ???????? \| ?????? ???????
????? ??????	???? ??????? \| ?????? ??????? \| ???? ???? ?????? \| ???? ???? ?????? \| ???? ???? ??? \| ???? ????? \| ???? ???? ????? \| ???? ??????? \| ????? ??? ??????? \| ???? ???? \| ???? ??? \| ???????? \| ???? ???? ??????? \| ???? ???? ?????? \| ???? ????? ??????? \| ???? ????? ??????? \| ?????????
??? ?? ?????????	???? ???? \| ???? \| ???? ??????? \| ???? ??????? \| ???? \| ???? ?????? \| ???? ???????
?????? ?????	????? \| ??? ????????? \| ????? ????????? \| ????? \| ???? ?????
????? ?????????	????? \| ????????? \| ??????? \| ??????? ?????? \| ???????? \| ??????? ????????? \| ????? ??????? ???????
????? ?????????	????? ??? \| ????? ????? \| ??????? ?????? \| ?????? \| ???? ?????? \| ????? ??????? \| ?????? ????? \| ????? ?????? ??????? \| ????? ???? \| ????? ???????
????? ???????	????? ??????? \| ????? ??????? \| ????? ??????? ??????? \| ????? ??????? \| ????? ??????? \| ????? ??????? \| ????? ????? \| ?????? ???????? \| ????? ??????? ???????
??????	???????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? \|

? ? ? ?? ??????
??????	???? ??????? ?????? ????? Cable ????? ????? ^{[???? ????]}‏ ????? ??????? ???? Teletext ????? ?????? ??????? Analog ??????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????? ( ???? ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? Peer-to-peer television ^{[???? ????]}‏ ?? ????? )
????? ????	Campus radio Commercial broadcasting Community radio Multichannel television ????????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ??????? ????? ???????? / ????? ????????? ^{[???? ????]}‏ ???? ????? Religious broadcasting Talk radio
????? ???????	Adult television channels ^{[???? ????]}‏ Children's interest channel / ??????? ??????? ??????????? Documentary channel Men's interest channel Movie television channels ^{[???? ????]}‏ Music radio / Music television Quiz channel Shopping channel ???? ??????? Business channels Public affairs ^{[???? ????]}‏ Live streaming world news Sports broadcasting Women's interest channel
??????? ????????	Broadcast designer Broadcast license ???? ?? ^{[???? ????]}‏ Broadcast-safe ????? ???? ?????????? ???????? Digital on-screen graphic Director of network programming Lower third Network affiliate News ticker On-screen display ???? ????? ??????? Press box ????? ????? ?????? Score bug Television news screen layout ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????