???? ???????? , ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ( ??????????? : Republiek van Suid-Afrika , ?????? : Republic of South Africa , ???? : iRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika ), ??? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?????? . ?? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ????????? ??? ????????? ??????? ???? ? ??????????? ???? 2,798 ?????????, ??? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? , ???????? , ???????? , ???????? , ?????????? ??? ?????? (?? ??????????? ???? ???????? ???????????? ??? ???? ??????). ???? ?????? ??? ? ??????? ??? ??? ?????????? . ?? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? 24??? ?????? ??? ??? ?????. ?????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ????????? ???? - ????????, ???????? ??? ????????????????? - ????? ?????????.

?? ?????? ???? ??? ??????????? . ???? ?????? ??? ???? ????????? : ??? ????????? ??? ??? ??????? , ?? ???????? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????????? . ?'????? ????? 11 ????????? ??????; ?? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? . 

?? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ??? ??????? ??? ????????? ??? ???, ??? ???? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? ????.

?? ???????? ??? ??????????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????, ??? ?? 34?? ?????? ??? ??? ?????.

??? ????????? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ???? .

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????????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ????????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ????? 5?? ??????????. ?? ????? ?????????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ????? ??? 1050.

???? ?? ????????? ????? ???? ????????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??????.

??????????? ???????? [ ?????????? | ?????????? ??????????? ]

??? 1487 ??? ??? ???????????? ?????????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????????? ????? ????????? ??? ???? ??????.

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??? 1867 ??? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? 1884 ???? . ????? ??? ????? ??? ? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ??????.

??? 1880-81 ??? ?????????? ?? ????? ???? ?????.

????????? [ ?????????? | ?????????? ??????????? ]

???? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ????? ??? ??????, ??? ? ????? ?????? ??? 2,500 ?"? ???????? ????? ??????? (???? ???????? ??? ???????? ). ??? ? ??? ??? 1,219,912 ???????? ?"? ??? ???? ?????? ??? 25??? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?????, ???? ???? ????? ??? ???????? .

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???? ?????? ??? ? ????? ???????????? ??? ??????, ??? ??? ??? 20,000 ?????????? ??????, ??? ???????? 10% ??? ??? ????????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ???. ??? 1% ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ???????.

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??? ?? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????????? ??? 7?? ??? 2014 ??? ?? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ??????? 62.2% ??? ?? ?????? ??? 249 ????, ??? ?? ????? ????????, ??? ???????????? ??????, ??? ??????? 22.2% ??? ?? ?????? ??? 89 ????.

???? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ?????????. ????????? ???? ??? ??????? , ??? ????????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ???????? , ?? ??????????????? ?????????, ??? ????? ??????????? ???? ??? ??????????? , ??? ??? ??????????????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ??????????? . ?? ????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ????????.

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??? 24??? ??????? 2010 ???? ???? ?????? ????????? ???? ???? ??? ????????? ????????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??? ????????? ????? ??? ? ???????????? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ????????? ??????.

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???? ?????? ??? ? ??????? ????????, ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? . ??? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????-?????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??????????? ? ????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ? ????? ($11,750 ??? 2012). ???? ??? ??? ??? ???? ? ???? ????? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ????????????.

??? 1994 ??? ?? ???????? ??????? ???????????? ?????????, ?????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ??????????? ???????, ??? ??? ?? ???????? ?????? ???????. ??? 2004 ??? ?? ???????? ????????? ??? ??????????.

?????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ??????, ??? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ????????? ??????? ????????. ??? 15% ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????, ??? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?????????? ??? ??????????. ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??????????? ??????? ???? ??? ????????? ??????????? ??????? ????, ??? ????? ???????? ??? ? ??????? ???. ^[1]

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?????? ???????? ????????????? ??? ??????????? ????????????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????. ??? ?????? ?????-??-????? ???? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ???? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ???????? 1967; ???? ?????? ??? ????????? ? ??????? ???? ???? ?????; ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ?????????? ; ??? ???? ???? ??? ????????? ??????????????? ???????? ??????????? ???????. ???? ??? ??? ??? ???????, ????? ?? ??? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????.

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???? ?????? ??? ? ???? ??? ???? 50 ?????? ?????? ??? ????????? ???????, ?????? ??? ????????.

????? ?????? ??? 2011 ???????? ??? ???? ??????:

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?? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? 77,500 ?????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ????????? ??? ?????? . ?? ?????? ????????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??????????? , ??????? ??? ?????? .

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??? 2009 ??? ??? ??????????? ??? ?????? 71 ??? ??? ? ?????? ?????????????? ??? 48 ??? ??? ? ??????? ??????????????.

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