Bach khoa toan th? m? Wikipedia
Chi?n tranh Nga-Th? Nh? K? (1877?1878)
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đai t??ng ni?m Plevna c?nh b?c t??ng
Kitai-gorod
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Th?i gian
| 1877?1878
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đ?a đi?m
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K?t qu?
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đ? qu?c Nga
chi?n th?ng
H?i ngh? Berlin
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Thay đ?i
lanh th?
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Nha n??c Bulgaria ra đ?i; Romania, Serbia va Montenegro hoan toan đ?c l?p tr??c đ? qu?c Ottoman
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Tham chi?n
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Nga
Romania
Serbia
Montenegro
Bulgarian volunteers
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đ? qu?c Ottoman
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Ch? huy va lanh đ?o
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L?c l??ng
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- Russia
:
Initial: 185,000 in the Army of the Danube, 75,000 in the Caucasian Army
[1]
Total: 260,000 in four corps
[2]
[3]
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Ottoman Empire
:
Initial: 70,000 in the Caucasus
Total: 281,000
[4]
Spring of 1877
Olender: 490,000?530,000
Barry: 378,000
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Th??ng vong va t?n th?t
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T?ng c?ng
:
96,733?111,166
[5]
[6]
-
Nga
- 15,567?30,000 thi?t m?ng
[5]
[6]
- 81.166 ng??i ch?t vi b?nh t?t
** 56.652 ng??i b? th??ng
** 1.713 ng??i ch?t vi v?t th??ng
[5]
- Romania
- 4.302 ng??i ch?t va m?t tich
** 3.316 ng??i b? th??ng
** 19.904 ng??i b? b?nh
[7]
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T?ng c?ng
:
90,000?120,000
[9]
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- c. 200.000?400.000 th??ng dan Th? Nh? K? ch?t vi v? th?m sat d??i ban tay c?a quan đ?i lien minh, n?n đoi, b?nh t?t va cac nguyen nhan khac lien quan đ?n chi?n tranh
[11]
[12]
[13]
[14]
[15]
[16]
[17]
- c. 500.000?1,5 tri?u th??ng dan Th? Nh? K?, Albania va Do Thai ph?i di d?i
[18]
[19]
- c. 30.000 th??ng dan Bulgaria b? quan Ottoman va quan tinh nguy?n ng??i Albania va ng??i Circassian c?a h? gi?t h?i
[20]
- c. 100.000 th??ng dan Bulgaria b? tr?n ho?c b? ng??i Ottoman tr?c xu?t
[21]
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Chi?n tranh Nga-Th? Nh? K? (1877?1878)
(con g?i la
chi?n tranh 93 ngay
) b?t ngu?n t? s? n?i len c?a ch? ngh?a dan t?c t?i
ban đ?o Balkan
c?ng nh? m?c tieu c?a
Nga
trong vi?c l?y l?i cac ph?n lanh th? đa m?t trong
Chi?n tranh Krym
va thi?t l?p l?i ?nh h??ng c?a Nga t?i
Bi?n đen
. K?t qu? c?a cu?c chi?n la cac
V??ng qu?c Romania
,
V??ng qu?c Serbia
va
Cong qu?c Montenegro
, m?i n??c đ?u gianh đ??c ch? quy?n ? m?t giai đo?n, chinh th?c tuyen b? đ?c l?p v?i
đ? qu?c Ottoman
. Sau 5 th? k? d??i s? th?ng tr? c?a đ? qu?c Ottoman (
1396
-
1878
),
Bulgaria
đa đ??c tai thi?t l?i thanh
Cong qu?c Bulgaria
, bao ph? ph?n đ?t gi?a song
Danube
va
Day Stara Planina
(ngo?i tr? ph?n B?c
Dobrudja
đ??c trao cho Romania) va vung
Sofia
, n?i sau đo tr? thanh th? đo m?i c?a đ?t n??c. H?i ngh? Berlin c?ng cho phep
Ao-Hung
chi?m
Bosnia va Herzegovina
va
Anh
thi chi?m
Sip
, trong khi
đ? qu?c Nga
sap nh?p B?c
Bessarabia
va vung
Kars
vao lanh th? c?a minh. Cu?c chi?n c?ng d?n đ?n s? lo?i b?
đ?o H?i
ra kh?i Bulgaria.
- ^
Timothy C. Dowling.
Russia at War: From the Mongol Conquest to Afghanistan, Chechnya, and Beyond
. 2 Volumes. ABC-CLIO, 2014. p. 748
- ^
Menning B. W.
Bayonets before Bullets: the Imperial Russian Army
, 1861?1914. Indiana University Press, 2000. P. 55.
ISBN
0-253-21380-0
- ^
Olender P.
Russo-Turkish Naval War 1877?1878
. 2017. Stratus. p. 88.
ISBN
978-83-65281-36-4
- ^
Мерников, АГ (2005),
Спектор А. А. Всемирная история войн
(b?ng ti?ng Nga), Minsk, tr. 376
- ^
a
b
c
Urlanis, Boris C.
(1960). “Войны в период домонополистического капитализма (Ч. 2)”.
Войны и народонаселение Европы. Людские потери вооруженных сил европейских стран в войнах XVII?XX вв. (Историко-статистическое исследование)
[
Wars and the population of Europe. Human losses of the armed forces of European countries in the wars of the 17th?20th centuries (Historical and statistical research)
] (b?ng ti?ng Nga). М.:
Соцэкгиз
(
ru
)
. tr. 104?105, 129 § 4.
- ^
a
b
Buyuk Larousse, cilt VII, s. 3282?3283, Milliyet Yayınları (1986)
- ^
Scafes, Cornel, et al.,
Armata Romania in Razvoiul de Independenta 1877?1878
(The Romanian Army in the War of Independence 1877?1878). Bucuresti, Editura Sigma, 2002, p. 149 (Romence)
- ^
a
b
Urlanis, Boris C.
Войны и народонаселение Европы, Часть II, Глава II
.
- ^
a
b
c
Мерников А. Г.; Спектор А. А. (2005).
Всемирная история войн
. Мн.: Харвест.
ISBN
985-13-2607-0
.
- ^
“Turkish prisoners of war 1877?1878 : accommodation, keeping, relationships with the population of the Russian provinces”
.
B?n g?c
l?u tr? ngay 14 thang 4 n?m 2021
. Truy c?p ngay 13 thang 12 n?m 2020
.
- ^
Karpat, Kemal.
Ottoman Population
. p. 72?75.
- ^
McCarthy, Justin. 1995, p. 90?91
- ^
Hupchick, Dennis P. 2002, p. 265
- ^
?pek, Nedim. 1994.
Turkish Migration from the Balkans to Anatolia
, p. 40?41.
- ^
Library Information and Research Service.
[
cai gi?
]
The Middle East, abstracts and index
, Part 1. 1999. Northumberland Press, p. 493, "During that war nearly 400000 Rumelian Turks were massacred. About a million of them who fled before the invading Russian armies took refuge in the Thrace, Istanbul and Western Anatolia"
- ^
Frucht, Richard C. 2005.
Eastern Europe
, p. 641.
- ^
Howard, Douglas Arthur. 2001.
The history of Turkey
, p. 67.
- ^
The Middle East, Abstracts and Index
. Northumberland Press. 1999. tr. 493.
- ^
Karpat, Kemal.
Ottoman Population
. tr. 72?75.
- ^
Dimitrov, Bozhidar. 2002. Russian-Turkish war 1877?1878.
(ti?ng Bulgaria)
, p. 75.
- ^
Dimitrov, Bozhidar. 2002. Chi?n tranh Nga-Th? Nh? K? 1877?1878.
(ti?ng Bulgaria)
, p. 75.
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Lien quan
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N?i b?
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N??c Nga
Sa hoang
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Th? k?
18?19
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Th? k?
20
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Th? k?
21
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