????????????????????????

????????????????????????
???????????????????????? ;
	??
	?????????????????????????????????
????????????	??????????????? ?????? ????????????
??????????	??????
??????	????????????????????????
??????	56 ?????? ??????????????????? ; ?????????? ; ??????? ; ????????? ; ????????? ; ????? ; ???????? ; ????? ; ???????? ; ?????? ; ?????? ; ???????? ; ????????? ; ???? ; ????? ; ??????? ; ???? ; ??????? ; ??????? ; ??????? ; ?????? ; ????? ; ??????? ; ?????? ; ?????? ; ???????? ; ???????? ; ????? ; ????????? ; ???????? ; ???????? ; ?????? ; ?????????? ; ???????? ; ???????? ; ???????????? ; ?????? ; ?????????????????? ; ??????????? ; ?????????????????????????? ; ????? ; ??????? ; ????????????? ; ???????? ; ??????????????? ; ?????????? ; ???????? ; ????????? ; ???? ; ????? ; ????????????????? ; ?????? ; ??????? ; ????????????? ; ???????? ; ??????? ;
?????
? ??????	??????????????? 3
? ?????????	????????? ?????????
? ?????????????????	???? ??????
???????
? ?????????????	18 ????????? 1926
? ???????????????????????????	11 ??????? 1931
? ????????????	28 ?????? 1949
???????
? ???	29,958,050 ????????????? (11,566,870 ?????????)
???????
? 2016 ??????	2,418,964,000 ??
? ???????????	75 ???????????????? (194.2 ????????????)
	???????? ; www .thecommonwealth .org

???????????????????????? ( ?????? : Commonwealth of Nations ) ??????????? ????????????????? ( ?????? : British Commonwealth ) ????????????????????? ??????????? ???????????????????????????????????? ?????????? 56 ???????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????? ^[2] ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ^[3]

????????????????????? 20 ???????????? ? ????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????? ?? ?.?. 1949 ????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????? "????????????????????" ^[4] ????? ????????????????????? 3 ?????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????? ????????????????????????????????? 15 ??????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ??????? 36 ????????????????????? ????????? ?????? 5 ???????????????????????????????

??????????????????????????????????????????? ? ?????????? ??????????????????????, ???????????? , ??????????????? ??? ???????? ???????? ^[3] ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ^[5]

?????? [ ??? ]

??????? [ ??? ]

↑ "Commonwealth Charter" . 6 June 2013. ????????????????????? ????????? ????? 2019-03-06 . ??????????? 5 March 2019 . Recalling that the Commonwealth is a voluntary association of independent and equal sovereign states, each responsible for its own policies, consulting and co-operating in the common interests of our peoples and in the promotion of international understanding and world peace, and influencing international society to the benefit of all through the pursuit of common principles and values
↑ "Member countries" . The Commonwealth Secretariat . ??????????? 2019-10-03 .
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 "About us" . The Commonwealth Secretariat . ??????????? 2013-10-03 .
↑ "London Declaration 1949, London, UK" (PDF) . The Commonwealth Secretariat . ??????????? 2019-10-03 .
↑ "Charter of the Commonwealth" (PDF) . The Commonwealth Secretariat . ??????????? 2019-10-03 .

??????????????? [ ??? ]

?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????????? ?????????? ???? ???????????????????????????????? ???????????????

[1] "Commonwealth Charter" . 6 June 2013. ????????????????????? ????????? ????? 2019-03-06 . ??????????? 5 March 2019 . Recalling that the Commonwealth is a voluntary association of independent and equal sovereign states, each responsible for its own policies, consulting and co-operating in the common interests of our peoples and in the promotion of international understanding and world peace, and influencing international society to the benefit of all through the pursuit of common principles and values

[2] "Member countries" . The Commonwealth Secretariat . ??????????? 2019-10-03 .

[the_commonwealth-3] 3.0 ^3.1 "About us" . The Commonwealth Secretariat . ??????????? 2013-10-03 .

[4] "London Declaration 1949, London, UK" (PDF) . The Commonwealth Secretariat . ??????????? 2019-10-03 .

[charter-5] "Charter of the Commonwealth" (PDF) . The Commonwealth Secretariat . ??????????? 2019-10-03 .

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

? ? ? ??????????? ??? ???????????????????
????????	?????????????????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????????????????? ???????????? ?????????????????? ??????????? ?????????????????????????? ??????????????? ??????
????	????? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????? ????????? ????????????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ????????????? ?????????? ?????????? ????????????????? ???????