??????????

??????????
????? : 7°49′N 1°03′W  /  7.817°N 1.050°W  / 7.817; -1.050
????????????? ?????????????
(????????????? ???? )

7°49′N 1°03′W  /  7.817°N 1.050°W  / 7.817; -1.050

?????????????

?????? :  "Freedom and Justice"
"??????????????????"
ที่ตั้งของกานา
?????????
???????????????
??????
5°33′N 0°12′W  /  5.550°N 0.200°W  / 5.550; -0.200
?????????? ?????? [1] [2]
???????????????
(2010 [2] [3] )
?????
??????? ???????
?????????
???? ??????-?????
???????? ????????
?????? ?????? ?????????? ??????
Gertrude Torkornoo
?????????????? ??????
?????????? ????????????????
6 ?????? ?.?. 1957
? ?????????
1 ??????? ?.?. 1960
28 ?????? ?.?. 1992
???????
? ???
239,567 ????????????? (92,497 ?????????) ( ????????? 80 )
4.61 (11,000 ????????; 4,247 ?????????)
???????
? ?.?. 2023 ??????
34,237,620 [5] ( ????????? 47 )
? ????????????? ?.?. 2010
24,200,000 [6]
101.5 ???????????????? (262.9 ????????????) ( ????????? 66 )
??????   ( ????????? )   ?.?. 2023 (??????)
? ???
เพิ่มขึ้น 227.189 ??????????????????? [7]
เพิ่มขึ้น $6,905 ???????????? [7]
??????   (????????)   ?.?. 2023 (??????)
? ???
เพิ่มขึ้น 76.628 ??????????????????? [7]
เพิ่มขึ้น 2,328 ???????????? [7]
????   (?.?. 2016) Negative increase 43.5 [8]
???????
???????   (?.?. 2021) เพิ่มขึ้น 0.707 [9]
???  ·  ????????? 133
???????? ???? ( GHS )
??????? UTC ( ????????????????? )
???????????? ??/??/????
??/??/????
????????? ???
???????????? +233
???? ISO 3166 GH
?????????? .gh

???? ( ?????? : Ghana ) ??????????????? ????????????? ( ?????? : Republic of Ghana ) ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????? ???????????????????? ???????????????? ??????????????? ?????????????????? ??????????????? ?????????? ????????????????????????????? ???????? ??????????????????? ????????????? ?????????????? ?????????? (Gold Coast)

???????????? [ ??? ]

??????????????????? Ghana ??? "???????? ????????????????? " ??????????????????????????? ?????????"????" ?????????? ?????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????? ????????????? , ??????? , ?????????? ??? ??? ??????????? ?????????? [10] ????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????? ?????? ?????? ??????????????????? ??? ????????????? [11]

????????????? [ ??? ]

??????????: ?????????????????

????????????? (????????? 15) [ ??? ]

??????????: ?????????? (?????) , ????????????????????? , ??????????????? , ???????????????????? , ??????????????? , ?????????????????????????? , ??? ????????????????

?????????? [ ??? ]

??????????: ??????????????

?????????? ?????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ????????????????????????? [12] ????????? 238,535 km 2 (92,099 sq mi) ??????????????? 560 ???????? (348 ????) [12] ??????????????? ??????? ??? 4 - 12 ????????? ??? ???????? ??? 4 ??????????? - 2 ???????????? ????????????? ???????????????? [12]

???????????????????? ???????????????? ?????????? 2 ??? ??? ??????????????? [13] ????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? [13] ?????? ?? ???????????? ?????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ???????????????????????? [13] ??????????????????????? 21-28 ???????????? (70-82 ????????????? ) ???????????????? 77-85 ?????????? [14] ???????????????????????????? 2 ??????? ??????????-???????? ??????????-????????? [14]

???????????????????????????? (?????????)
????? ?.?. ?.?. ??.?. ??.?. ?.?. ??.?. ?.?. ?.?. ?.?. ?.?. ?.?. ?.?. ??????
?????????????????????????? °C (°F) 32
(90) 		32
(90) 		32
(90) 		32
(90) 		31
(88) 		29
(84) 		27
(81) 		27
(81) 		29
(84) 		30
(86) 		31
(88) 		31
(88) 		32
(90)
???????????????????? °C (°F) 27.5
(81.5) 		27.5
(81.5) 		28
(82) 		28
(82) 		27
(81) 		26
(79) 		25
(77) 		24
(75) 		26
(79) 		26
(79) 		27
(81) 		27
(81) 		28
(82)
???????????????????? °C (°F) 23
(73) 		23
(73) 		24
(75) 		24
(75) 		23
(73) 		23
(73) 		22
(72) 		21
(70) 		22
(72) 		22
(72) 		23
(73) 		23
(73) 		21
(70)
?????????????????????????? °C (°F) 15
(59) 		17
(63) 		20
(68) 		19
(66) 		21
(70) 		20
(68) 		19
(66) 		18
(64) 		20
(68) 		19
(66) 		21
(70) 		17
(63) 		15
(59)
???????? ?? (????) 16
(0.63) 		37
(1.46) 		73
(2.87) 		82
(3.23) 		145
(5.71) 		193
(7.6) 		49
(1.93) 		16
(0.63) 		40
(1.57) 		80
(3.15) 		38
(1.5) 		18
(0.71) 		787
(30.98)
???????? ?????? 79 77 77 80 82 85 85 83 82 83 80 79 85
????????????????????? 2 2 5 7 11 14 7 6 8 9 4 2 77
???????????????????? 214 204 223 213 211 144 142 155 171 220 240 235 2,372
??????????: Climatemps.com [14]

????????????????? [ ??? ]

?????? [ ??? ]

??????????: ??????????

????????????????? ??????????? ??? ????????? ?? ???????????? ????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????? 4 ?? ???????????? 2 ???? ????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????

??????????? [ ??? ]

??????????: ??????????????

?????????????? ???????? (Unicameral) ????????????????? 230 ?? ???????????????????????????? 4 ??

????????????? [ ??? ]

23.69 ?????? (?? 2553)

????????? [ ??? ]

Ethnicity in the Republic of Ghana [15]
Ethnicity Percentage
Akan [16]
  
45.3%
More?Dagbani [17]
  
15.2%
Ewe
  
11.7%
Ga?Adangbe
  
7.3%
Guan [18]
  
4.0%
Gurma
  
3.6%
Others
  
10.2%

???? [ ??? ]

??????????: ??????????

?????????? ??? ?????????? ?????????????????????? ? ?????? Akan Moshi ? Dagomba Ewe ??? Ga

????? [ ??? ]

??????????: ???????????
Religion in Ghana (2000 census) [15] [19]
Religion Percent
???????????
  
69.1%
???????????
  
15.6%
????????? ????????
  
8.5%
??????????????
  
6.1%
???? ?
  
0.7%
Wesley Methodist Cathedral , Kumasi

??????? [ ??? ]

  1. ↑ "Language and Religion" . Ghana Embassy. ???? ????????????????? 1 March 2017 . ??????????? 8 January 2017 . English is the official language of Ghana and is universally used in schools in addition to nine other local languages. The most widely spoken local languages are Dagbanli, Ewe, Ga and Twi.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Ghana ? 2010 Population and Housing Census" (PDF) . Government of Ghana . 2010. ????????????????????? ????????? (PDF) ????? 25 September 2013 . ??????????? 1 June 2013 .
  3. ↑ "People > Ethnic groups: Countries Compared" . NationMaster. ???? ????????????????? 14 July 2014 . ??????????? 22 July 2014 .
  4. ↑ The World Factbook
  5. ↑ "Ghana" . The World Factbook (2024 ed.). Central Intelligence Agency . ??????????? 22 June 2023 .
  6. ↑ Mintah, Antoinette I. (2010). "2010 Provisional Census Results Out" . 4 February 2011. Population Division, Ghana Government. ????????????????????? ????????? ????? 15 June 2011 . ??????????? 7 February 2011 .
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (Ghana)" . IMF.org . International Monetary Fund . 10 October 2023 . ??????????? 14 October 2023 .
  8. ↑ "GINI index (World Bank estimate)" . data.worldbank.org . World Bank . ???? ????????????????? 25 January 2019 . ??????????? 14 July 2021 .
  9. ↑ "Human Development Report 2020" (PDF) . United Nations Development Programme . 15 December 2020. ???? (PDF) ????????????????? 2020-12-15 . ??????????? 15 December 2020 .
  10. ↑ "Etymology of Ghana" . Douglas Harper. ???? ????????????????? 4 November 2012 . ??????????? 12 May 2012 .
  11. ↑ "Ghana: Land of Gold" . Kids Discover Online . ??????????? 2020-10-03 .
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 "Ghana: Geography Physical" . photius.com . ??????????? 24 June 2013 . , "Ghana: Location and Size" . photius.com . ??????????? 24 June 2013 .
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 "UNDP Climate Change Country Profile: Ghana" . ncsp.undp.org . ????????????????????? ????????? ????? 2013-09-21 . ??????????? 24 June 2013 .
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 "Ghana ? Weather Averages" . ??????????? 1 June 2013 .
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 ??????????????: ???????? <ref> ?????????? ????????????????????????????????????? CIA
  16. ↑ Including the Ashanti and Fante
  17. ↑ Including the More , Dagomba , Dagaaba , Mamprusi , and Frafra
  18. ↑ Including the Gonja
  19. ↑ ??????????????: ???????? <ref> ?????????? ????????????????????????????????????? state2007

????????? [ ??? ]

  • Arhin, Kwame, The Life and Work of Kwame Nkrumah (Africa Research & Publications, 1995)
  • Babatope, Ebenezer, The Ghana Revolution: From Nkrumah to Jerry Rawlings (Fourth Dimension Publishing, 1982)
  • Birmingham, David, Kwame Nkrumah: Father Of African Nationalism ( Ohio University Press , 1998)
  • Boafo-Arthur, Kwame, Ghana: One Decade of the Liberal State ( Zed Books , 2007)
  • Briggs, Philip, Ghana (Bradt Travel Guide) (Bradt Travel Guides, 2010)
  • Clark, Gracia, African Market Women: Seven Life Stories from Ghana ( Indiana University Press , 2010)
  • Davidson, Basil , Black Star: A View of the Life and Times of Kwame Nkrumah ( James Currey , 2007)
  • Falola, Toyin , and Salm, Stephen J, Culture and Customs of Ghana (Greenwood, 2002)
  • Grant, Richard, Globalizing City: The Urban and Economic Transformation of Accra, Ghana (Syracuse University Press, 2008)
  • Hadjor, Kofi Buenor, Nkrumah and Ghana (Africa Research & Publications, 2003)
  • Hasty, Jennifer, The Press and Political Culture in Ghana (Indiana University Press, 2005)
  • James, C.L.R. , Kwame Nkrumah and the Ghana Revolution ( Allison & Busby , 1977)
  • Kuada, John, and Chachah Yao, Ghana. Understanding the People and their Culture (Woeli Publishing Services, 1999)
  • Miescher, Stephan F, Making Men in Ghana (Indiana University Press, 2005)
  • Milne, June, Kwame Nkrumah, A Biography (Panaf Books, 2006)
  • Nkrumah, Kwame, Ghana: The Autobiography of Kwame Nkrumah (International Publishers, 1971)
  • Utley, Ian, Ghana ? Culture Smart!: the essential guide to customs & culture (Kuperard, 2009)
  • Various, Ghana: An African Portrait Revisited (Peter E. Randall Publisher, 2007)
  • Younge, Paschal Yao, Music and Dance Traditions of Ghana: History, Performance and Teaching (Mcfarland & Co Inc., 2011)
  • Burke, Laura; Armando Garcia Schmidt (2013). Ghana: Staying on Track in a Challenging Environment . Verlag Bertelsmann Stiftung, Gutersloh. pp. 127?147. ISBN   978-3-86793-491-6 .

??????????????? [ ??? ]

?????? [ ??? ]

???????????? [ ??? ]

?????? [ ??? ]

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