??????

????????????? ?????????????
????????????? ??????
??????
???????????? ???? (1865)
????-???? ?????
???????????
?. 2 ????????? [1]
(25% ?????????????) เพิ่มขึ้น[2] [3] [4]
(???????, 2020 ????????????? )
?????
????????
????????????????????????????
  ??????????? 231,070,000 [5]
  ???????? 213,161,100 [6]
  ??????? 194,810,000 [7]
  ????????? 153,700,000 [8]
  ???????? 99,100,000 [9]
  ??????? 95,000,000 [10]
  ??????? 82,900,000 [11]
  ????? 82,800,000 [12]
  ????????? 42,000,000 [13]
  ??? 40,000,000 [14]
?????
80?90% ????? [15] [16]
10?20% ?????? [17] [18] [19]
~1% ???????????? [20]
~1% ???? ? ( ?????????? , ????????? , ???) [21]
????
????????:
????????????
??????:
??????????? , ?????? , ??????????? , ?????? , ????????????????? , ???????????????? ??????? ? [22] [23] [24] [25] [26]

?????? ( ?????? : ???????? , ??????????? , ??????  "???????????[??? ??????? ]" ) [27] ?????????????????? ??????????? ????? ?????????? ?????????????????? ????????????? ??????????????????? ????????? ???????????????????? ??????????????? ?????????????????? (???? ??????? ) ???????????? ???????? ?????????????????? [28] ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ( ??????? ) ??????????????????????????????? ? ( ????? ) [29]

??????????????????????? 2 ??????????? ?.?. 2020 ??????????????????????????????????? 24.9 ?????????????????????? [1] ???????????????????????????????????????? ? ?????????????????????: 45% ?? ??????? , 25% ?? ?????? ??? ?????????? (??????), [30] 6% ?? ????? , [31] ??? 1% ?? ??????? [32] [33] [34] [35] ????????? ?????????????????????????? ???????????????????: 91% ?? ????????????????????????? , [36] [37] [38] 90% ?? ?????????? , [39] [40] [41] 65% ?? ??????? , [42] [43] [44] [45] [46] [47] 42% ?? ?????????????????????? , [48] [49] 32% ?? ????????? , [50] [51] ??? 42% ?? ???????????????? [52] [53]

?????????? ?????????????????? ????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????? ????? (75?90% ????????????????) [54] ??? ?????? (10?20% ????????????????) [17] [18] [19] ????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????? (31%) ??????????????????????? ????????????????????????: ???????? , ??????? ??? ????????? [55] [56] ?????????????????? ????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ????????? ??????????????????????????????? 12% ???????????????? [57] [58] ???????????????????????????????????? ???????????????? ??? ?????????????????????????????? (11%) ????????? (2%) ???????? [59] [60] [61] ???????????? ????????????????????????? ?????????????? ???????????????????? ???????????????????????? ????? [62] [63] [64]

???????????? [ ??? ]

???????: ??????????? § ????????????

????? ?????? ( ?????? : ???? , ????????????:  [?m?sl?m] ) ?????????????????????????????????????????? ?????? ???? ???????????????????? (verbal noun) ???????????????????????????? S-L-M "??????? ???????" [65] [66] ?????????????? ????????? ( ?????? : ????? ) ?????????????????? ?????????? ????????????????????????? ???????? ( ?????? ) ???? ???????? ( ?????? ) ?????????????????????????? ???????? ( ?????? )

????? ???????? ??????????????? ????????:

???????????????????????????????????????????????????... ?????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? [67]

?????????? [ ??? ]

????????? ???
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???????? ??? ?????
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???????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????? ???????? ??????? 5 ????????????? ???? ??????????????? ????????????????? ??????? ????? ????????? ( ??????? ) ??? ???????? ????????????????????? [68] ???????????????????????????????????????????????: ???????????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ????????????? ( ???? ?? ?? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ) "????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????? ?????????????????????????????" [69]

????????????? ????? ??????????????????? 2 ????: ?????????????????? (???????????????????????? ??????? ) ??? ??????????????????????? ( ???????? ?????????????????????) [70] ????????????????????????????????? ??????? [71]

???? ?????? ?????????????????????? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????????????????? ??????? 4 ??? ????? ??????: ????? ????? ???? ( ???????????????????? ) ?????????? "???????? ???? ??????????" [72]

?????????????????????????????? 5 ????????????? : ??????????????????? ( ???????? ), ?????????????? ( ?????? ), ???????????? ( ????? ), ??????????????? ????????? ( ????? ) ????????????? ??????? ( ????? ) ?????????????????????????? [73] [74]

??????????????????????????????????? 6 ?????? ??????? ??????????????????????? ( ??????? ), ???????????? ????????? , ??????? ??????? ????????????????? ??????? , ???????????? ??????? ???? ? , ??????? ?????????? ( ??????????? ), ?????????????????????????????? ( ???????????? )

??????? [ ??? ]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Religion Information Data Explorer | GRF" . www.globalreligiousfutures.org . ????????????????????? ????????? ????? 2022-10-13 . ??????????? 2022-10-13 .
  2. ↑ "Mapping the Global Muslim Population" . Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project . 7 October 2009.
  3. ↑ "Muslim Population By Country 2021" . World Population Review . ???? ????????????????? 6 December 2020 . ??????????? 22 July 2021 .
  4. ↑ Lipka, Michael, and Conrad Hackett. [2015] 6 April 2017. " Why Muslims are the world’s fastest-growing religious group ???????? 11 ??????? 2018 ??? ?????????????? " (data analysis). Fact Tank . US: Pew Research Center .
  5. ↑ "Penduduk Menurut Wilayah dan Agama yang Dianut" [Population by Region and Religion] (PDF) . Sensus Penduduk 2018 . Jakarta, Indonesia: Badan Pusat Statistik. 15 May 2018. ???? (PDF) ????????????????? 28 July 2021 . ??????????? 3 September 2020 . Religion is belief in Almighty God that must be possessed by every human being. Religion can be divided into Muslim, Christian (Protestant), Catholic, Hindu, Buddhist, Hu Khong Chu, and Other Religions. Muslim 231,069,932 (86.7), Christian (Protestant)20,246,267 (7.6), Catholic 8,325,339 (3.12), Hindu 4,646,357 (1.74), Buddhist 2,062,150 (0.72), Confucianism 71,999 (0.03), Other Religions/no answer 112,792 (0.04), Total 266,534,836
  6. ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF) . ???? (PDF) ????????????????? 29 August 2021 . ??????????? 9 August 2021 . {{ cite web }} : CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( ????? )
  7. ↑ "The countries with the 10 largest Christian populations and the 10 largest Muslim populations" . Pew Research . 1 April 2019.
  8. ↑ "The Future of the Global Muslim Population" . Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project (?????????????????????). 15 ?????? 2011. ???? ????????????????? 24 ??????? 2017 . ??????????? 24 ??????? 2017 .
  9. ↑ "The World Factbook" . ???? ????????????????? 9 ?????? 2021 . ??????????? 31 ??????? 2017 .
  10. ↑ "The World Factbook" . ???? ????????????????? 4 ?????? 2021 . ??????????? 31 ??????? 2017 .
  11. ↑ "The World Factbook" . ???? ????????????????? 8 ?????????? 2021 . ??????????? 31 ??????? 2017 .
  12. ↑ "The World Factbook" . ????????????????????? ????????? ????? 10 ?????? 2021 . ??????????? 31 ??????? 2017 .
  13. ↑ United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. "Refworld - 2010 Report on International Religious Freedom - China (includes Tibet, Hong Kong, Macau)" . Refworld . ???? ????????????????? 17 ?????? 2012 . ??????????? 14 ?????????? 2015 .
  14. ↑ Hammond, Kelly (2021-01-15). "The Terrible 'Sinicization' of Islam in China" . New Lines Magazine (??????????) . ??????????? 2022-03-06 .
  15. ↑ ??:
  16. ↑ From Sunni Islam : See:
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 "Shi?i, Islam" . Encyclopædia Britannica . ??????????? 17 January 2022 . In the early 21st century some 10?13 percent of the world’s 1.6 billion Muslims were Shi?i.
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 "Religions" . The World Factbook . Central Intelligence Agency . ????????????????????? ????????? ????? 27 ?????? 2010 . ??????????? 25 ??????? 2010 . Sunni Islam accounts for over 75% of the world's Muslim population... Shia Islam represents 10?20% of Muslims worldwide...
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Muslim Population (PDF) . Pew Research Center (Report). October 2009. p. 1 . ??????????? 17 January 2022 . Of the total Muslim population, 10-13% are Shia Muslims and 87-90% are Sunni Muslims. Most Shias (between 68% and 80%) live in just four countries: Iran, Pakistan, India and Iraq.
  20. ↑ ??:
    • Breach of Faith . Human Rights Watch. June 2005. p. 8. ???? ????????????????? 14 March 2017 . ??????????? 29 March 2014 . Estimates of around 20 million would be appropriate
    • DeVries, Larry; Baker, Don & Overmyer, Dan (2011-01-01). Asian Religions in British Columbia . University of Columbia Press. ISBN   978-0-7748-1662-5 . ???? ????????????????? 14 March 2017 . ??????????? 29 March 2014 . The community currently numbers around 15 million spread around the world
    • Juan Eduardo Campo (2009). Encyclopedia of Islam . p. 24. ISBN   978-0-8160-5454-1 . ???? ????????????????? 14 March 2017 . ??????????? 29 March 2014 . The total size of the Ahmadiyya community in 2001 was estimated to be more than 10 million
    • "Ahmadiyya Muslims" . pbs.org. 20 ?????? 2012. ???? ????????????????? 6 ?????? 2013 . ??????????? 6 ?????? 2013 .
    • A figure of 10?20 million represents approximately 1% of the Muslim population. See also Ahmadiyya by country .
  21. ↑ "Chapter 1: Religious Affiliation" . The World’s Muslims: Unity and Diversity . Pew Research Center 's Religion & Public Life Project. 9 ??????? 2012. ???? ????????????????? 26 ??????? 2016 . ??????????? 4 ??????? 2013 .
  22. ↑ Khan, Muhammad Mojlum (2013). The Muslim Heritage of Bengal: The Lives, Thoughts and Achievements of Great Muslim Scholars, Writers and Reformers of Bangladesh and West Bengal . England : Kube Publishing. p. 2. Bengali-speaking Muslims... one of the largest linguistic groups... second only to the Arabs
  23. ↑ Talbot & Singh 2009 , p. 27, footnote 3.
  24. ↑ Grim, Brian J.; Johnson, Todd M. (2013). Chapter 1: Global Religious Populations, 1910?2010 (PDF) (Report). Wiley. p. 22. ????????????????????? ????????? (PDF) ????? 20 October 2013 . ??????????? 10 March 2017 .
  25. ↑ "What are the top 200 most spoken languages?" . Ethnologue (??????????). 2018-10-03. ???? ????????????????? 12 January 2013 . ??????????? 2019-12-07 .
  26. ↑ Al-Jallad, Ahmad (30 ??????? 2011). "Polygenesis in the Arabic Dialects" (??????????). ???? ????????????????? 15 ??????? 2016.
  27. ↑ "Muslim" . etymonline.com. ???? ????????????????? 7 ??????? 2015.
  28. ↑ Welch, Alford T, Moussalli, Ahmad S, Newby, Gordon D (2009). "Mu?ammad" . ?? Esposito JL (?.?.). The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World . Oxford: Oxford University Press. ???? ????????????????? 11 February 2017 . ??????????? 27 March 2017 . The Prophet of Islam was a religious, political, and social reformer who gave rise to one of the great civilizations of the world. From a modern, historical perspective, Mu?ammad was the founder of Islam. From the perspective of the Islamic faith, he was God's Messenger (ras?l All?h), called to be a "warner," first to the Arabs and then to all humankind.
  29. ↑ The Qur?an and Sayings of Prophet Muhammad: Selections Annotated & Explained . SkyLight Paths Publishing. 2007. pp. 21?. ISBN   978-1-59473-222-5 . ??????????? 31 August 2013 .
  30. ↑ "Region: Asia-Pacific" . The Future of the Global Muslim Population . Pew Research Center. 27 ?????? 2011. ???? ????????????????? 9 ?????? 2013 . ??????????? 3 ?????? 2012 .
  31. ↑ "Region: Europe" . The Future of the Global Muslim Population . Pew Research Center. 27 ?????? 2011. ???? ????????????????? 7 ?????? 2013 . ??????????? 3 ?????? 2012 .
  32. ↑ "Region: Americas" . The Future of the Global Muslim Population . Pew Research Center. 27 ?????? 2011. ???? ????????????????? 7 ?????? 2013 . ??????????? 3 ?????? 2012 .
  33. ↑ Kington, Tom (31 ?????? 2008). "Number of Muslims ahead of Catholics, says Vatican" . The Guardian . ???? ????????????????? 2 ??????? 2013 . ??????????? 17 ????????? 2008 .
  34. ↑ "Muslim Population" . IslamicPopulation.com. ???? ????????????????? 25 ??????? 2013 . ??????????? 17 ????????? 2008 .
  35. ↑ "Field Listing Religions" . ????????????????????? ????????? ????? 4 ???????? 2011 . ??????????? 17 ????????? 2008 .
  36. ↑ "Region: Middle East-North Africa" . The Future of the Global Muslim Population . Pew Research Center. 27 ?????? 2011. ???? ????????????????? 9 ?????? 2013 . ??????????? 3 ?????? 2012 .
  37. ↑ "Region: Middle East-North Africa" . The Future of the Global Muslim Population . Pew Research Center. 27 January 2011. ???? ????????????????? 25 July 2013 . ??????????? 22 December 2011 .
  38. ↑ "Middle East-North Africa Overview" . Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project (?????????????????????). 2009-10-07. ???? ????????????????? 28 January 2017 . ??????????? 2018-01-18 .
  39. ↑ "The Global Religious Landscape" (PDF) . Pew . ??????? 2012. ????????????????????? ????????? (PDF) ????? 24 ??????? 2015.
  40. ↑ Rowland, Richard H. "CENTRAL ASIA ii. Demography" . Encyclopaedia Iranica (??????????). Vol. 2. pp. 161?164. ???? ????????????????? 16 September 2018 . ??????????? 2017-05-25 .
  41. ↑ Rowland, Richard H. "CENTRAL ASIA ii. Demography" . Encyclopaedia Iranica (??????????). Vol. 2. pp. 161?164. ???? ????????????????? 16 September 2018 . ??????????? 2017-05-25 .
  42. ↑ "Middle East :: Azerbaijan ? The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency" . www.cia.gov . ???? ????????????????? 27 January 2021 . ??????????? 2019-12-01 .
  43. ↑ "The Many Languages of Islam in the Caucasus" . Eurasianet (??????????). ???? ????????????????? 21 July 2020 . ??????????? 2019-12-01 .
  44. ↑ "Statistical Service of Armenia" (PDF) . Armstat. ???? (PDF) ????????????????? 10 October 2017 . ??????????? 20 February 2014 .
  45. ↑ "Armenia Population" . countrymeters.info. ???? ????????????????? 26 June 2015 . ??????????? 24 June 2015 .
  46. ↑ humans.txt. "Az?rbaycan ?halisinin sayı 10 milyon n?f?r? catıb" . / (??????????). ???? ????????????????? 1 June 2019 . ??????????? 2019-12-09 .
  47. ↑ "Middle East :: Georgia ? The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency" . www.cia.gov . ???? ????????????????? 4 February 2021 . ??????????? 2019-12-09 .
  48. ↑ "Oxford Islamic Studies Online" . www.oxfordislamicstudies.com (??????????). ???? ????????????????? 20 ?????? 2017 . ??????????? 14 ?????? 2017 .
  49. ↑ Yusuf, Imtiyaz. "The Middle East and Muslim Southeast Asia: Implications of the Arab Spring" . Oxford Islamic Studies . ????????????????????? ????????? ????? 20 March 2017.
  50. ↑ "Region: Asia-Pacific" . Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project . 27 ?????? 2011. ???? ????????????????? 10 ?????? 2017 . ??????????? 13 ?????? 2017 .
  51. ↑ Burke, Daniel Burke, ?.?. (29 ??????? 2016). "The moment American Muslims were waiting for" . CNN Religion . ???? ????????????????? 12 ?????? 2017 . ??????????? 13 ?????? 2017 .
  52. ↑ "Region: Sub-Saharan Africa" . The Future of the Global Muslim Population . Pew Research Center. 27 ?????? 2011. ???? ????????????????? 9 ?????? 2013 . ??????????? 3 ?????? 2012 .
  53. ↑ "Region: Sub-Saharan Africa" . The Future of the Global Muslim Population . Pew Research Center. 27 January 2011. ???? ????????????????? 28 July 2013 . ??????????? 22 December 2011 .
  54. ↑ * "Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Muslim Population" . Pew Research Center . 7 October 2009. ???? ????????????????? 25 December 2018 . ??????????? 2013-09-24 . Of the total Muslim population, 10?13% are Shia Muslims and 87?90% are Sunni Muslims.
  55. ↑ Pechilis, Karen; Raj, Selva J. (2013). South Asian Religions: Tradition and Today (??????????). Routledge. p.  193 . ISBN   9780415448512 .
  56. ↑ Diplomat, Akhilesh Pillalamarri, The. "How South Asia Will Save Global Islam" . The Diplomat (?????????????????????). ???? ????????????????? 27 March 2019 . ??????????? 2017-02-07 .
  57. ↑ "Number of Muslim by country" . nationmaster.com. 27 ?????? 2011. ???? ????????????????? 9 ?????????? 2011 . ??????????? 4 ?????? 2021 .
  58. ↑ "10 Countries With the Largest Muslim Populations, 2010 and 2050date=2015-04-02" . Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project . ???? ????????????????? 4 May 2017 . ??????????? 2017-02-07 .
  59. ↑ "Book review: Russia's Muslim Heartlands reveals diverse population" , The National (??????????), 21 April 2018, ???? ????????????????? 14 January 2019 , ??????????? 13 January 2019
  60. ↑ "Muslim Population by Country" . The Future of the Global Muslim Population . Pew Research Center. ????????????????????? ????????? ????? 9 February 2011 . ??????????? 22 December 2011 .
  61. ↑ "Islam in Russia" . www.aljazeera.com . ????????????????????? ????????? ????? 11 January 2019 . ??????????? 9 January 2022 .
  62. ↑ "Main Factors Driving Population Growth" . Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project (?????????????????????). 2015-04-02. ???? ????????????????? 1 December 2020 . ??????????? 2018-10-23 .
  63. ↑ Burke, Daniel (4 April 2015). "The world's fastest-growing religion is ..." CNN. ???? ????????????????? 15 May 2020 . ??????????? 18 April 2015 .
  64. ↑ Lippman, Thomas W. (2008-04-07). "No God But God" . U.S. News & World Report . ???? ????????????????? 16 November 2020 . ??????????? 2013-09-24 . Islam is the youngest, the fastest growing, and in many ways the least complicated of the world's great monotheistic faiths. It is based on its own holy book, but it is also a direct descendant of Judaism and Christianity, incorporating some of the teachings of those religions?modifying some and rejecting others.
  65. ↑ Burns & Ralph, World Civilizations , 5th ed., p. 371.
  66. ↑ Entry for ?lm , p. 2067, Appendix B: Semitic Roots, The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language , 4th ed., Boston, New York: Houghton Mifflin, 2000, ISBN   0-618-08230-1 .
  67. ↑ Commentary on the Qur'an , Razi, I, p. 432, Cairo, 1318/1900
  68. ↑ From the article on the Pillars of Islam in Oxford Islamic Studies Online ???????? 26 ?????? 2017 ??? Wikiwix
  69. ↑ Gordon, Matthew; Gordon, Professor of Middle East Islamic History Matthew S (2009). Matthew S. Gordon and Martin Palmer, Islam , Info base Publishing, 2009 . p. 87. ISBN   9781438117782 . ???? ????????????????? 20 March 2021 . ??????????? 26 August 2012 .
  70. ↑ Lindsay, p. 140?141
  71. ↑ Michael Anthony Sells (1999). Approaching the Qur'an: The Early Revelations . White Cloud Press. p. 151. ISBN   9781883991265 . ???? ????????????????? 1 March 2017 . ??????????? 24 April 2017 .
  72. ↑ The Later Mughals by William Irvine p. 130
  73. ↑ Hooker, Richard (14 July 1999). "arkan ad-din the five pillars of religion" . United States: Washington State University . ????????????????????? ????????? ????? 3 December 2010 . ??????????? 17 November 2010 .
  74. ↑ "Religions" . The World Factbook . United States: Central Intelligence Agency . 2010. ????????????????????? ????????? ????? 9 ???????? 2011 . ??????????? 25 ??????? 2010 .
??????????????: ???????? <ref> ???? "muslim pron" ??????????? <references> ??????????????????????????

??????????????? [ ??? ]

????????????? ?????????????????? ??????
????????????? ?????????????????? Wikisaurus:Muslim
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