Mount Everest
|
---|
???????
(
Sagarm?th?
)
???????????
(
Chomolungma
)
|
Everest's north face from the Tibetan plateau
|
??????? ??????
|
---|
?????
| 8,848 m (29,029 ???)
[1]
Ranked 1st
|
---|
????????
| 8,848 m (29,029 ???)
Ranked 1st
(Notice special definition for Everest)
|
---|
???????????
| ??? ???????????
???????? ??????? ?????? ??????
Country high point
Ultra
|
---|
?????????
|
---|
Location on the Sagarmatha Zone, Nepal ? Tibet, China border
|
????????
| ?????????? ????????
,
????????? ???????
,
???????
;
Tingri County
,
Xigaze
,
?????? ??????????? ?????
,
????
[2]
|
---|
????? ?????
| ?????????? ?????
,
??????
|
---|
??????
|
---|
????? ??????????
| 29 May 1953
???????? ??????
and
???????? ??????
(First winter ascent 1980
Leszek Cichy
and
Krzysztof Wielicki
[4]
[5]
)
|
---|
?????? ????? ???
| southeast ridge
(Nepal)
|
---|
?????????? ??????
(?????? ???????? ??????),
???????????
??????? ???????,
????????
???????????? ??????? ????????????????. ??? ???????? ??????????? ??? ??????? ??????????????. ??? ???? ???????????????? 8,848 ????? ??????? (29,029 ???) ?????.
[1]
?????????? ?????????? ???????????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????.
[6]
[7]
??????, ???????? ????????? ??????? ??????????????, 5 ??? ?????? ??? ?????. ??? ?????????? ???????? ????????????.
????
(?????? ??????????? ?????) ???????
???????
???????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ??????. ???? ????????????? ????? ?????????
???????? ???
, 8,516 ?? (27,940 ???); ???????, 7,855 ?? (25,771 ???), ??????? ??????, 7,580 ?? (24,870 ???) ?????.
1856 ??? ???????, ??????????? ?????? ????????????????? ????? ???? ??????? ???????????? ??????? ??????? ???????????????. ??????? ???? XV ?? ?????????????, 8,840 ?? (29,002 ???) ?? ?????????. ???? ??????? ???????? ????????????????? ???????? ??????????? ????? 8,848 ?? (29,029 ???) 1955 ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????????????, ??????? 1975 ??? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ?????????????????????. 2005 ??? ???????, ???? ??? ??????? 8844.43 ?? ?? ???????.
???????????? ??????????????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ????? 2005 ????? 2010 ??? ????? ???????? ?????????. ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????? 8,844 ??????? ????? ????? ?????????, ????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? 8,848 ??????? ???? ???? ??? ??????. 2010 ??? ??????? ???????? ????? 8,848 ?? ????? ??? ?????????????? ??? ???????? ?????????, ???????? ?????????? ????? 8,844 ?? ?? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???????????????.
[8]
?????? ??????????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ????????????? ??????. 1865 ??? ???????, ???????? ???? ????????????? ?????? ????? ????? ????????? ?????? ?????????. ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ?????????????,
?????? ??????????
??????????? ?????? ????????,
[9]
?? ???????? ???? ?????, ??????? ??? ???????????? ????? ?????? ????????.
???????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ??????????, ???????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????????. ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????, ??????????? ?????????????????????? ("??????? ????" ?? ?????????????) ???? ????? ??????? ????????, ?????????? ???????? ???? ??? ????. ??????? ????????? ?? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ????????????, ????????? ????????? ???????? ??? ????, ??????, ??????, ?????????????, ??????????? ????? ??????????????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????. 2016 ??? ???????? ??? ???? 200 ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????. ????? ??? ????????? ???????????????? ??????????????.
[10]
[11]
???
?????
-
?????????
????????? ????????????. ????????????? 1953??? ????? ?? ????? 29?? ???? ????? ??????
???????? ??????
??????? ????????????????????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???????????
?????????????????
??? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ????????????????. ??? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ??????????????. ??? ??????????? ???????????????? (???? = ??? ?????) ?????? ?????????????? ????? ????? ????? ??????????????.
??????????????
?????????????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ???????? ????????? ????????? ??? ????????? ???????????, ??? ?????? ???????????? ????????????? ??????? ????? ?????????????
[
???????? ????
]
. ?????????????? ?? ???????????? ???????? ?????. ???'????, ???'?????? ????? ????????????, (????????????????, ?????? 1960?? ???????
?????????
???????),
????????? ????????
????????????
(= ??????????? ????) ??????? ??????????????????. ?????? ????????????? 4
?????? ???????
????? ???????? ????????? ???????????
[
???????? ????
]
. ????????????????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????
??????
??????????? ???????????.
??? ???????? ????? ????????
[
????
]
????????? ????????
(1813?1870) ??????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ?????? 1852 ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? 8,848 ??????? ????? ???????????????. ???? ?????? 240
??.??
???????? ??????? ??????
???????????
??????? ??????????? ??????? ???????? ???????????? ???? ????????? ?????????.
??????????? ????????? ???????? ???? ????
????????-15
???????????????? ???????? ?????????????????. ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? (George Everest) ????????? ????? ???????????????
??????????
??????? ???? (Andrew Waugh) ??????? ??????????. ????????? ???? ???????????????? 28844 ??? ??????????.
?????????? ?????????? ???????, ????????????
[
????
]
?????????? ??????
????????
???? ??????????? ?????????. ??? ????????????? ?????????????? ?????????????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??????????. ???? ?????????? ????????????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ????????? ????????????? ???????? ??????? ??????????. ??? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ??????????. ???? ??????? ???????? ???????????? ????? ?????.
?????? ?????? ??????? ??????-?????????? ?????????? ????????? ?????????? 7 ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????????? . 5 ???? ???????????? ??????, ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ????????? ?????? ?????????? ???????????, ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????? ????????????????. ???? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ????? ??????????. ?????? ?????????? ????? ??????????? ????????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ????????. ??????????? ???? ?????? ???? ???????????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????????.
??????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ???????????? 67 ???? ???????? ????????, ??????? ?????? 10 ????????? ?????????? ??? ??????????? 1,500 ???? ??????. ??????-???? ??????? ????????? 20 ???? ?????? ????? ????????? ???????????? ????????????????. ?????? ?????? ????????? 5 ???? ?????????. ???????? ????, ?????? ??????? ????????? ??? ????????? ???????? ??? ???????? ?????????????
????? ?????? ???????????????
[
????
]
???????
???? ??????? 8848?? ????? ?????????????? ??????????????. ?????
????
???? ????? 8844?? ????????. ???? ???? ???????????? ??????? ????? ???? ???????? ????????? ????????????? ????????. ??????? ?????????? ???? ???????????????? ???????? ????????? ????????. ?????? ???? ????????????? ????? ???? ????????? ???? ????? ???????? ?????????? ??????????????? ????? ??????? ?????????. ????? ???????? ??????????????? ???????????? ????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??????????????. 1999 ?? ????????? ???????? ????
???????????????
?????? ???????????? ????? 8850?? ????? ????????,
?????? ???????? ??? ????????? ????
8850?? ???????? ????????????????. ??? ??????? ??????????.
[12]
??????????????? ?????????? ???? ????????
[
????
]
2010 ????? ?????????? ????????, 3,142 ?????????? ????? ????????????.
???? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ????????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????????? 77 ????
?? ???????? ??????? 21 ???? ?????????????.
1922 - ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? 8,000 ??????? (26,247 ???) ????? ???,
1952 ? 1952 ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ????, ????? ???
1953 ? 1953 ??????????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????
1975 - ??????, ????? ???? ??????,
1978 - ?????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????? ??????
1980 - ?????????? ??????? , ????? ??? ??????
1988 - ???? ?????? ????????, ????????? ????? ????? ??????
1995 - ?????? ??????????? ,???????? ???????? ????? ???? ??????
1998 -. ?????? 20 ??? ????????? ,???????? ????????, ????? ??????
2000 ? Davo Karni?ar ????? ???? ????? ??????????
2001 - ????? ???????????, ??? ????????????? ????? ??????
2004 - ????????, 8 ??? ?????, 10 ???????????? ????? ??????
???????????
[
????
]
???????????????
[
????
]
?????????????? ?????????, ??? ????????????????? ?????:
Mount Everest