Pokret za građanska prava

Glavne li?nosti pokreta za građanska prava: Vilijam Edvard Bergart , Malkolm Iks , Roza Parks , Martin Luter King

Pokret za građanska prava ( engl. Civil rights movement ) je izraz kojim se u kontekstu istorije SAD ozna?avaju nastojanja da se propagandom, agitacijom, demonstracijama, politi?kim lobiranjem i brojnim drugim, u pravilu nenasilnim akcijama kao ?to su demonstracije i bojkoti , izbore građanska prava za pripadnike crne , odnosno afroameri?ke zajednice u SAD, te ukine dotada institucionalna rasna segregacija i diskriminacija , te afroameri?ki dr?avljani SAD izjedna?e u svojim pravima sa ve?inskim belcima .

U u?em smislu se pod tim podrazumeva kampanja koja se od sredine 1950-ih do kraja 1960-ih vodila, prete?no u dr?avama ameri?kog Juga , sa ciljem da se ukinu tzv. zakoni D?ima Kroua koji su na razne, naj?e??e posredne na?ine, crnom stanovni?tvu spre?avali politi?ki anga?man, propisivala de jure rasna segracija, a crna?ko stanovni?tvo de facto stavljalo u neravnopravan i podređen socioekonomski polo?aj. Ona je pod vodstvom crnog baptisti?kog sve?enika Martina Lutera Kinga , uprkos izrazitog neprijateljstva Demokratske stranke koja je dominirala ameri?kim Jugom, a u nekim slu?ajevima i nasilnih i teroristi?kih akcija od strane lokalnih rasista, ^[1] s vremenom uspela ste?i ?iroku podr?ku te sredinom 1960-ih podstaknuti D?onsonovu federalnu administraciju i Kongres da donesu niz dalekose?nih zakona kojima su zakoni D?ima Kroua ukinuti. ^[2] Tako je afroameri?ko stanovni?tvo u SAD u formalnom smislu potpuno izjedna?eno s belim, ali su Kingova kasnija nastojanja da se polo?aj crnaca pobolj?a u ekonomskom pogledu do?ivela neuspeh, ^[3] odnosno koincidirala s nizom krvavih rasnih nereda i radikalizacijom unutar same crna?ke zajednice koja ?e dodatno eskalirati nakon Kingovog ubistva 1968. godine. Uprkos tome, uspeh tog pokreta ?esto se uspoređuje s dostignu?ima ranijeg pokreta za indijsku nezavisnost , odnosno dokazom kako se i najradikalnija dru?tvena promena mo?e posti?i mirnim putem, pa su brojni sli?ni pokreti uzimali njega kao uzor, a za ?to je najnoviji primer pokret za LGBT prava .

Pokret za građanska prava u SAD se ?esto sme?ta u ?iri kontekst globalnog pokreta za građanska prava koji od sredine 20. veka postoji u gotovo svim zemljama sveta. Mnoge popularne reprezentacije pokreta usredsređene su na harizmati?no vođstvo i filozofiju Martina Lutera Kinga mlađeg, koji je dobio Nobelovu nagradu za mir 1964. godine za ulogu u nenasilnom moralnom vođstvu. Međutim, neki nau?nici prime?uju da je pokret bio previ?e raznolik da bi se mogao pripisati bilo kojoj osobi, organizaciji ili strategiji. ^[4]

Vidi jo? [ уреди | уреди извор ]

Reference [ уреди | уреди извор ]

^ II, Vann R. Newkirk. ?How 'The Blood of Emmett Till' Still Stains America Today” . The Atlantic . Архивирано из оригинала 28. 7. 2017. г . Приступ?ено 3. 7. 2017 .
^ ?Civil Rights Act of 1964 ? CRA ? Title VII ? Equal Employment Opportunities ? 42 US Code Chapter 21 ? findUSlaw” . Архивирано из оригинала 29. 12. 2011. г . Приступ?ено 29. 7. 2016 .
^ Haines, Herbert H. (1995). Black Radicals and the Civil Rights Mainstream, 1954?1970 (на ?езику: енглески). University of Tennessee Press. стр. 98?118. ISBN 978-1-57233-260-7 .
^ Timothy B. Tyson, "Robert F. Williams, 'Black Power,' and the Roots of the African American Freedom Struggle," Journal of American History 85, No. 2 (September 1998): 540?570

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Spolja?nje veze [ уреди | уреди извор ]

Civil Rights Digital Library Архивирано на са?ту Wayback Machine (3. ?ун 2009) ? Provided by the Digital Library of Georgia .
Civil Rights Movement Veterans ~ Provides movement history, personal stories, documents, and photos. Hosted by Tougaloo College .
Civil Rights in America ? Provided by The National Archives of the United Kingdom .
Television News of the Civil Rights Era 1950?1970 ? Provided by the University of Virginia .
The Civil Rights Era ? Part of The African American Odyssey: A Quest for Full Citizenship presentation.
Voices of Civil Rights ? A project with the collaboration of AARP and the Leadership Conference on Civil Rights (LCCR).
We Shall Overcome: Historic Places of the Civil Rights Movement ? Provided by the National Park Service .
"Teaching the Movement: The State Standards We Deserve" ? Part of "Teaching Tolerance" project published on September 19, 2011.
"Teaching Tolerance Publishes Guide for Teaching the Civil Rights Movement" ? Part of "Teaching Tolerance" project published on March 26, 2014.
"Teaching the Movement 2014: The State of Civil Rights Education in the United States" ? Part of "Teaching Tolerance" project published in 2014.
Civil Rights Teaching ? Provided by Teaching for Change , a 501(c)(3) organization .
SNCC Digital Gateway

[Atlantic-1] II, Vann R. Newkirk. ?How 'The Blood of Emmett Till' Still Stains America Today” . The Atlantic . Архивирано из оригинала 28. 7. 2017. г . Приступ?ено 3. 7. 2017 .

[cra64-2] ?Civil Rights Act of 1964 ? CRA ? Title VII ? Equal Employment Opportunities ? 42 US Code Chapter 21 ? findUSlaw” . Архивирано из оригинала 29. 12. 2011. г . Приступ?ено 29. 7. 2016 .

[3] Haines, Herbert H. (1995). Black Radicals and the Civil Rights Mainstream, 1954?1970 (на ?езику: енглески). University of Tennessee Press. стр. 98?118. ISBN 978-1-57233-260-7 .

[history.msu.edu-4] Timothy B. Tyson, "Robert F. Williams, 'Black Power,' and the Roots of the African American Freedom Struggle," Journal of American History 85, No. 2 (September 1998): 540?570

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[4]

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