Kingdom of Thailand
- ??????????????
(
Thai
)
- Ratcha-anachak Thai
- ?????????
(
Thai
)
- Prathet Thai
|
---|
|
Anthem:
Phleng Chat Thai
(English:
"Thai National Anthem"
)
|
|
Capital
and largest city
| Bangkok
(Thai:
Krung Thep
)
1
13°45′N
100°29′E
/
13.750°N 100.483°E
/
13.750; 100.483
|
---|
Official languages
| Thai
|
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Other languages
| List
- English
- Arabic
- Burmese
- Standard Chinese
- Hindi
- French
- German
- Italian
- Japanese
- Khmer
- Korean
- Lao
- Filipino
- Indonesian
- Malay
- Portuguese
- Punjabi
- Russian
- Spanish
- Tamil
- Telugu
- Urdu
- Vietnamese
|
---|
Official scripts
| Thai alphabet
|
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Ethnic groups
| Thai
(75%)
• Northeastern Thai (
Isan
) (34.2%)
• Central Thai (33.7%)
• Southern Thai (13.3%)
Chinese
(14%)
Khmer
(4%)
Malay
(4%)
Tamil
(3%)
Other (1%)
|
---|
Demonym(s)
| Thai
|
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Government
| Unitary
parliamentary democracy
and
constitutional monarchy
|
---|
|
? Monarch
| Maha Vajiralongkorn
|
---|
| Srettha Thavisin
|
---|
|
Legislature
| National Assembly
|
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| Senate
|
---|
| House of Representatives
|
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|
|
| 1238?1448
|
---|
| 1351?1767
|
---|
| 1768?1782
|
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| 6 April 1782
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| 24 June 1932
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| 24 August 2007
|
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|
|
? Total
| 513,120 km
2
(198,120 sq mi) (
51st
)
|
---|
? Water (%)
| 0.4 (2,230 km
2
)
|
---|
|
? 2011 estimate
| 66,720,153
2
[3]
(
20th
)
|
---|
? 2010 census
| 65,479,453
[4]
|
---|
? Density
| 132.1/km
2
(342.1/sq mi) (
88th
)
|
---|
GDP
(
PPP
)
| 2011 estimate
|
---|
? Total
| $616.783 billion
[5]
(
24th
)
|
---|
? Per capita
| $9,598
[5]
(
84th
)
|
---|
GDP
(nominal)
| 2011 estimate
|
---|
? Total
| $332.47 billion
[5]
(
30th
)
|
---|
? Per capita
| $5,174
[5]
(
89th
)
|
---|
Gini
(2009)
| 42.5
[6]
medium
|
---|
HDI
(2011)
| 0.682
[7]
medium
·
103rd
|
---|
Currency
| Baht
(?) (
THB
)
|
---|
Time zone
| UTC
+7
|
---|
Driving side
| left
|
---|
Calling code
| +66
|
---|
ISO 3166 code
| TH
|
---|
Internet TLD
| .th
,
.???
|
---|
- ^
Thai name: ?????????????
Krung Thep Maha Nakhon
or
Krung Thep
. The full name is ????????????? ??????????????? ????????????? ????????? ????????????????????? ????????????????????? ????????????????? ??????????????????????????????
Krung Thep Mahanakhon Amon Rattanakosin Mahinthara Yuthaya Mahadilok Phop Noppharat Ratchathani Burirom Udomratchaniwet Mahasathan Amon Phiman Awatan Sathit Sakkathattiya Witsanukam Prasit
.
- ^
According to the Department of Provincial Administration's
official register
, not taking into account unregistered citizens and immigrants.
|
Thailand
(
TY
-land
or
TY
-l?nd
;
[8]
Thai
:
?????????
,
RTGS
: Prathet Thai), officially the
Kingdom of Thailand
(
Thai
:
??????????????
,
RTGS
: Ratcha Anachak Thai;
IPA:
[raːt.t??? ??ːn?ːt?ak t??j]
(
listen
)
), is a
country
in
Southeast Asia
. Its neighbours are
Laos
,
Cambodia
,
Malaysia
, and
Myanmar
. Its name was
Siam
until
June
1939
[9]
and between 1945 and
May 11
1949
. The word Thai (???) comes from the ethnic group in the center of Thailand.
Thailand is a
constitutional monarchy
. It has a
King
as a
head of state
, who is
Vajiralongkorn
at the moment.
Most people here (95 percent) follow the
philosophy
called
Buddhism
. Smaller number of people (4.4%), mostly to the south, follow
Islam
. Other religions in Thailand are
Christianity
,
Hinduism
, and
Sikhism
. Some Muslims in the south have begun fighting the government because they want to be more
independent
.
Population
: the total fertility rate was 1.3 (in 2019).
[10]
A Buddhist kingdom named
Sukhothai
was founded here in
1238
.
A century later, a bigger kingdom named Ayuthaya appeared south of Sukhothai. Later Sukhothai became a part of Ayuthaya. Ayuthaya existed for more than 400 years before its fall by the attack of a
Burmese
kingdom.
A soldier of
Chinese
origin then founded a new capital city at Thonburi, and became King T?ksin.
The current era, Rattanakosin, started on founding
Bangkok
as the capital city by King Rama I of Chakri Dynasty.
Before
1932
, Thailand was an
absolute monarchy
. On
June 24
, 1932, a group of people did a
coup
and changed Thailand to a
constitutional monarchy
. It was not until
1973
that Thai people voted for a
Prime Minister
in an
election
. There were
coups
both before and after this year.
In 1951, there was a failed coup - the Manhattan Rebellion.
[11]
On
September 19
,
2006
, the army did a coup d'etat and took control from
Thaksin Shinawatra
's government.
In May 2014, a new military coup d'etat removed another government.
In October
2016
,
Rama X
become the new king.
Between 1932 and 2014, Thailand had 12 coup d'etats.
Thailand is made up of 76
provinces
(???????, changwat), put into 5 groups. There are 2 specially governed districts: the capital Bangkok and Pattaya. The 76 provinces including Bangkok are as follows:
- Ang Thong
- Bangkok (Krung Thep Maha Nakhon)
, Special Governed District of
- Chai Nat
- Kanchanaburi
- Lopburi
- Nakhon Nayok
- Nakhon Pathom
- Nonthaburi
- Pathum Thani
- Phetchaburi
- Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya
- Prachuap Khiri Khan
- Ratchaburi
- Samut Prakan
- Samut Sakhon
- Samut Songkhram
- Saraburi
- Sing Buri
- Suphan Buri
- Chachoengsao
- Chanthaburi
- Chonburi
- Prachinburi
- Rayong
- Sa Kaeo
- Trat
- Chiang Mai
- Chiang Rai
- Kamphaeng Phet
- Lampang
- Lamphun
- Mae Hong Son
- Nakhon Sawan
- Nan
- Phayao
- Phetchabun
- Phichit
- Phitsanulok
- Phrae
- Sukhothai
- Tak
- Uthai Thani
- Uttaradit
- Amnat Charoen
- Bueng Kan
- Buri Ram
- Chaiyaphum
- Kalasin
- Khon Kaen
- Loei
- Maha Sarakham
- Mukdahan
- Nakhon Phanom
- Nakhon Ratchasima
- Nong Bua Lamphu
- Nong Khai
- Roi Et
- Sakon Nakhon
- Si Sa Ket
- Surin
- Ubon Ratchathani
- Udon Thani
- Yasothon
- Chumphon
- Krabi
- Nakhon Si Thammarat
- Narathiwat
- Pattani
- Phang Nga
- Phatthalung
- Phuket
- Ranong
- Satun
- Songkhla
- Surat Thani
- Trang
- Yala
NOTE
: In
italics
[1], that province is about the
Greater Bangkok
sub-region; in
italics
[2], that province is about the
West
sub-region.
The
economy
of Thailand "is based on trade and
investment
in the
agricultural
and
tourism
sectors, according to media.
[12]
In 2022, the country with investors that invested the most in Thailand, was Japan; Chinese investors had the second place.
[12]
Industry had a contribution to the
GDP
, of 43.9 percent (in 2007), and 14 percent of the workforce are in that sector (of the economy). Within that sector,
manufacturing
was the biggest part, and it had a contribution (to the GDP), with 34.5 (in 2004).
In 2014,
Credit Suisse
reported that Thailand was the world's third most unequal country, behind Russia and India.
[13]
The top 10% richest held 79% of the country's assets.
[13]
The top 1% held 58% of the assets.
[13]
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