???????

???????? ??? ??? ?, ?? ?? ????? ????????? ??? ???????????? ????????????????????? ??? ?? ?'?????? ????????, ???????, ??????????, ??????????? ??? ??? ???? ????????????????? ??? ^[1]:

??????????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ??????? ]

1660 ????????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ???????????? ??????? ?? ??????????? ????????? ??????? ???????????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?????????? ^[2]: ??????? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ????` ????? ??????? ????????????????? ???? ??????????? ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ???? ??????????? ????, ??? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????????????????? ^[2]: ????????????? ??????????? ???? ??? ???????? ???? 1950 - 1960 ?????????????, ??? ?????? ????????? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ^[3]: ?????????? ??????????????????????? ??????? ???? ???????????? ??????????? ????` ?????????? ????? ??? ?????????? ^[4]:

?????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ??????? ]

??????????? ???? ??????????? ???????????? ????? ?? ???????? 534 ????????? (???? ???????????? ???????? ???????????????? ???????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ?), ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????, ?? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ????????, ???????? ?? ??????????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????????????? ????? ?'???????? ????????? : ????????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ???????, ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ????????? ???? ????? ???, ?? ????????? ?????????????????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ?????????? ??????????????

??????????? ??? ??????????? ??????? ????????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ??? ???????? ??? ??????????? ??????? ???????????? ?????????? ???? ???????????????, ?? ??? ?????????? ?? ????????, ?? ??????????? ???????????? ?? ???? ?????????? ??? ????????? ??????? ?? ???????????? ?????? 19-?? ???? ??????, ??? ???? ??? ??????? ??????????????? ?????? ????????????? ?? ?????????????? ??????????????????? ???? ???????? ?????????? ??? ^[5]:

???????? [ ???????? | ???????? ??????? ]

↑ ≪Actor: Job description and activities≫ ? Prospects UK ? ?????????? ?? 2009 ?? ????????? 12
↑ ^2,0 ^2,1 ≪actress, n.≫? Oxford English Dictionaryedition=3 ? Oxford, England: Oxford University Press? November 2010? ≪Although actress remains in general use, actor is increasingly preferred for performers of both sexes as a gender-neutral term.≫
↑ Goodman Lizbeth , Holledge Julie (1998)? The Routledge reader in gender and performance ? New York: Routledge? ???? 8; 93? ISBN 0-415-16583-0
↑ Linden Sheri (????????? 18, 2009)? ≪From actor to actress and back again≫ ? Entertainment ? Los Angeles Times ? ?????????? ?? 2009 ?? ????? 14 ? ≪It would be several decades before the word "actress" appeared -- 1700, according to the Oxford English Dictionary, more than a century after the word "actor" was first used to denote a theatrical performer, supplanting the less professional-sounding "player."≫
↑ Wilmeth, Don B.; Bigsby, C.W.E. (1998)? The Cambridge history of American theatre ? Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press? ???? 449?450? ISBN 978-0-521-65179-0

???????:?????????????

[1] ≪Actor: Job description and activities≫ ? Prospects UK ? ?????????? ?? 2009 ?? ????????? 12

[OED2010-2] 2,0 ^2,1 ≪actress, n.≫? Oxford English Dictionaryedition=3 ? Oxford, England: Oxford University Press? November 2010? ≪Although actress remains in general use, actor is increasingly preferred for performers of both sexes as a gender-neutral term.≫

[De_GayGoodman1998-3] Goodman Lizbeth , Holledge Julie (1998)? The Routledge reader in gender and performance ? New York: Routledge? ???? 8; 93? ISBN 0-415-16583-0

[latimes-4] Linden Sheri (????????? 18, 2009)? ≪From actor to actress and back again≫ ? Entertainment ? Los Angeles Times ? ?????????? ?? 2009 ?? ????? 14 ? ≪It would be several decades before the word "actress" appeared -- 1700, according to the Oxford English Dictionary, more than a century after the word "actor" was first used to denote a theatrical performer, supplanting the less professional-sounding "player."≫

[5] Wilmeth, Don B.; Bigsby, C.W.E. (1998)? The Cambridge history of American theatre ? Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press? ???? 449?450? ISBN 978-0-521-65179-0

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