1958 ???????
?????????? ????????
(??? ?????? ? ?????
?????????? ???????????? ????????
) ???? ? ????????? ???????, ??? ????????????? ?? ??????? ????????? ? ???????? ?????????????, ???? ???????? ??
??????? ??????????
???????? ??????????????? ???????????? ??????????? ? ????? ???? ????, ???? ??? ???????
????? ???????
, ?? ????????? ????? ????? ??, ?? ??????? ?? ???????
????????
???????? ?????????? ????????? ? ?????????? ??????????? ??????? ???????????? ?????? ??
???????? ????????????
?
???????? ?????????? ?????????????
? ??? ???????? ????????, ??????? ?????????? ???? ???????
1945 ????????
??????? ????????????? ?????????
??????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ??
?????????? ??????????
????? ??????????? ????????????? ?????????????? ???? ????? ???? ???
???????? ????????
??????????? ? ???????
??????????
? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ????????
[1]
[2]
? ????????? ???? ????????? ?????? ? ??? ????????????????
[3]
? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ???????? (?????????????) ? ???????? (??????????????) ??????????, ?????? ?? ????? ???-? ? ????-? ??????????? ???????????????? ?????????????? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????????????????? ???? ???????????????? ????
???????? ??????? ??
, ????? ???????? ???? ????????? ?? ????????
[4]
? 1956 ???????
?????? ?????????
???? ???? ? ???????? ????????? ???-? ????????, ?????? ??? ???? ? ?????????? ?????????????
??????????
?
?????????
? ???????? ??? ??????? ? ??????????? ?????????? ? ???????? ???????
????? ????? ??????
????????????????? ?? ??????????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ????????????? ?????, ?? ???????????? ?????? ? ?????????? ?????????
[5]
?
???????????? ????????
??????????? ? ??????? ?????????? ???????
?????? ????????????
?????? 1957 ??????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ? ????????? ????????? ? ???????? ???????????? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ?????????
[6]
[5]
?
??????? ?????????? ????????
???????? ???????? ? ????? 7-??, ??? ?? ?????????? ? ????? 9-???
????? ?. ????????
????? ? ??????????????? ???????? ?????????, ??? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ? ????????? ?????????????????? ????? ?? ??????????????? ???????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????, ??????? ?????????? ???????? ??????????? ???????????, ?????????? ??
??????????? ??????
, ???? ?????? ??? ???-? ???????????????? ? ?????? ??????? 11 000 ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ????????????????? ??? ??????????????
[7]
? ?????? ??? ???????? ????? ?????????? ?? ????????, ???-? 1957-?? ??????? ?
?????????
??????? ?????????
????????? ?????????? ????? ????????????, ?????? ??? ?????? ? ????????? ????????? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ?????
[8]
:
1923 ????????
???????? ???????????
?????????? ????????? ? ??????????? ?????? ? ???????? ? ??????? ? ???????? ???????? ????????????
[9]
? ???????? ????????????? ????? ?????????? ?????? 1943 ??????? ????????? 22-??, ??? ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ????????
[10]
? ??? ???????, ??? ?????? ????? ???????????, ????????????? ??????? ?????, ?????, ? ???? ??? ??????, ?????? ??, ?? ≪???????? ???? ? ?????? ????? ????????? ?????????? ????? ????????????? ???? ? ????????? ??????? ???????????????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ??????????????? ??? ??????????? ??? ???????? ???????? ?????????????? ???? ? ????????? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ????????? ??????? ??? ??????????? ??? ???? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??????≫? ????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ?????????, ????????????
??????????
,
??????
?
???
??????????????,
????? ????????
?????????????, ????? ??????????? ?
?????????
???? ??????????
[11]
:
????? ??????? ??????? ? ???????? ??????? ??????? 1952 ???????? ? ???????????
????? ?? ???????
? ?? ?????? ? ????? ≪?????? ???????? ?????????????????≫, ??????? ?????????? ???????? ?? ????? ≪??? ?????≫
[12]
? 1957 ???????? ? ???????????? ???????? ????????????????? ????????? ????, ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????????????? ??, ??? ≪????? ??????????????≫ ??? ??????? ?????????? ????????????, ?? ???????? ????????? ?????????????? ??????????????? ?????????? ???-?? ????????? ??????????? ??????????? ??? ????????????? ???????? ??? ????????
????? ?????????
?
????? ???????
? ????????? ? ?????????? ????????????, ?????????? ?? ??????? ????????????? ????????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????? ??????????????? ??? ??????? ???-? ??????? ???????? ??? 12,7 ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????? ????????????? ?
??????????? ???????????? ??????????
????????????? (??? ????? ? ???? ???? ????????, ????? ??????????? ? ???????? ????????) ??????????? ?????????, ????? ≪??????????? ??????????????≫ ??? ????????? ????????? ????????? ?????????? ?????
[13]
:
?????? ??????, ??? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ??? ? ??????????? ?????????????? ????????????, ?????? ???? ???????????? ???????????? ?????? ???, ?? ??????? ≪???? ? ?????? ??? ??????, ?? ?????????????? ?????? ???????≫? ???????????????, ??????????????, ????? ?? ?????, ???? ?? ?????????? ??????????????????? ??????? ????????? ?? ????????? ???-? ??????????? ?? ??????? ???????? ? ????????? ????-? ?????????????? ??????????????? ??????? ?????????????? ?????? ???, ?? ??????????????? ??????? ?? ???? ? ???? ? ??????? ?????????
[14]
?
1958 ???????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ????????? ?? ???????? ? ?????? ??????
[15]
?
1958 ??????? ???????? 1-?? ?????? ? ???????? ??????????? ? ??????????
??????? ???????? ??????????????? (???)
[16]
[17]
? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ????????????? ?????, ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ??????????, ?????? ???????? 25-?? ????????? ??? ? ????????, ?? ???-? ????? ? ??????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ?????????? ? ?????? ?????? ???????
[17]
: ??????? ??
????? ??????
???????????? ??, ?? ≪?????????? ???????? ?????????????? ?????? ≪???-? ??????≫ ????????? ? ????≫, ? ????????? ?????????? ?? ??????
[18]
:
?????????? ?????????????? ???? ? ??? 1958 ??????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ????????????????? ??????? ??????? ?? 1958 ??????? ?????????? 24-??, ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?????????? ???????? ?????????, ???? ???????? ??
???????? ????????????????
[18]
[19]
[20]
: ???? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ??, ?? ??????? ??? ???????? ????? ? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????????????, ?? ??? ?????? ????????? ?? ??????????????, ???? ??
????? ??????
, ???????? ?????? ????? ????, ?????? ????????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?. ??????????? ??????? ?????????? ? ????? ≪????? ????, ??? ????????? ? ?????????? ????????, ??????? ??? ???? ???????????≫
[21]
: ???-? ?????????? ?? ??????? ????????
[22]
?
?????? ?????? ? ??????????? ?????????? ? ????????? ????????? ?????? ?? ????????? ????????? ??????? ???, ??? ???????? ?????? ? ???-? ? ??? ?????????? ???????????? ? ??????????????????, ????? ???????????? ???????? ??? ??????? ????? ???????
[23]
: ??????????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ???, ?? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ?????? ???-??
[15]
? ???????????? ??????? ???, ?? ≪??????? ?? ????????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????????????????, ??? ???? ?????????≫
[24]
? ?????? ????????????? ? ???? ?????????????? ???? ?????????????? ?????????? ? ???? ?????? 8-??
????? ??????
????????????? ????? ?????? ≪?? ????????≫-? ???????? ?? ? ?????????? ?? ??????? ???????????? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ?? ???????, ??? ?????????????? ?????? ????? ? ??? ???????????? ??????????? ?????????? ????? ??? ????????????? ??? ?????? ???????, ??? ????? ?
????? ???????
, ????? ??? ???????????? ???? ??? ??????? ????????
[25]
?
≪???? ???? ??????≫
1958 ??????? ?????? 10-? ?????????? ?????? ????????????? ????? ? ????????
[26]
? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ? ??????? ???????????? ????????? ???????????? ?? ??????????? ?????????? ???, ??? ??????????? ???? ?, ?? ?????? ≪?????????? ? ??? ????????????? ????????≫
[27]
:
???-? ???????? ?????? ????? ? ?????????? ???????? ??????????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????, ??? ????? ? ????????, ?????? ????????????????? ???????? ?? ??????????? ????????????????? ??? ???, ? ???????? ??????????????? ?????????? ????? ? ???????????
???-? ????????????? ???????? (??? ??)
1958 ??????? ?????? 22-?? ? ?????????? ???-?? ????? ???????? ?????????? ???
[28]
? 1958 ??????? ??????? 11-?? ??? ??-? ?????? ? ????????, ???? ???????? ? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ? ≪?????????? ?????, ?? ?????????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ??????? ????????????? ????? ?????????? ???????????≫? ?????? ??????? ? ????????? ≪???? ?????? ???????? ?????≫ ? ???? ??????, ???????? ????? ? ??? ????? ??? ???????????, ????????? ?????? ??????????????? ??????? ?????????? ? ????? ?????????? ??????????????? ?????????
[29]
?
??? ??????? ?????? ???????????? ? ???????? ??????? ? ≪?????????? ?????≫ ?????????????? 1958 ??????? ??????? 15-??, ??? ???-? ?????????? ?, ?? ???????? ?????? ????????????? ?????, ????, ?? ????????, ???????? ? ?????????? ??????????? ???????????? ??????? ?? ????????? ??????? ????????? ??????????????? ?????? ??????????????? ? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????????????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ????????????? ????????? ? ???????????, ??? ??????? ? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?????, ??? ???? ?????? ?????
???????? ????????????
?? ?????? ???????? ?????????????
≪?????????? ?????≫ ???????????? ???????????????? ????? ???????? ??. ???????????? ?????????? ? ???????????? ??????????; ?????? ?????????????????? ???????? ????????? (SPECCOMME, ??? ???????????? ??????, ???????? ??????????? ? ??????????? ???? ??????? ??????????? ?????) ??????????? ??????????; ???????? ????????? USS ????????, USS ????? ? USS ????? ????????????, USS ?? ???? ? USS ?????? ? ????? ???????????????? ??????? ?????? ≪??????≫ ?? ≪???????≫ ???????? ??? ???????? ?????????, ??????? ≪?? ?????≫, ??? ??? ?? ????? ?????????? ?????????? ????? ?. ???????, ??????? ?? ????????-?????-??? ????????
[30]
? ????????? ??????? ???????? ??? 2-?? ??????????? ??????? ??????? (???????? ????? 62) ? 201 ????????? ???????? ?????? ???????????? ??????????
[31]
? ??? ???? ????????????? ?????????????? ????? ? 215-58 ???????? ????? ? ??? ???????? ????
????????????? ????????? ? ????? ??? 14 ????? ????, ??? ????? ? ???-? ?????? 8509 ??????????, 1-?? ????????????? ???????? ???? ?????????, 24-?? ?????????? ????????? 187-?? ?????????? ???? ? ???-? ??????? ??????? ???????? 5670 ??? ?? ?????? (2-?? ??????????? ??????? ??????, 1/8 ? 2/2 ????????????? ?????????? ????? ? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?.?????? ???????????????? ?????)? 8-?? ??????? ??????? 2-?? ?????????? ??????? 16-?? ??????? ? ??????????? ?????????? ????? ??????? 54-????? ?????? ??????? ????
[32]
? ????? ??????? ? 70 ??????? ? 40 000 ???????????? ???????? ?????????
[33]
? 1958 ??????? ??????? 16-?? ??????? ????? ?.???????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???????????? ? ????? ????????? ≪???????≫ ????, ??????? ?? ?????????? ?? ???????????? ?????? ????
[34]
? ???-? ?? ??????? ????? ? ????? 1958 ??????? ?????????? 25-???
???????????? ??????? ? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????????????, ?????????
?????? ?????? ???????
? ?????? ?????? ??? ? ??????? ?????????????? ????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ??????? ? ????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???????, ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ?????????? 22-? ???? ??????????? ??????
???????? ????????
????? ???????
??????? ????????? ?????????????? ? ???????? 1958 ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????
- ↑
McCullough, David (1992).
Truman
. New York: Simon & Schuster. ????
547-549
.
- ↑
≪Milestones: 1945?1952≫
.
Office of the Historian
. ??????? ? 2020 ?? ????????? 25-??
.
- ↑
≪What was the Cold War?≫
.
CBBC Newsround
(?????????? ????????). 2019 ?? ?????? 23
. ??????? ? 2020 ?? ????????? 25-??
.
- ↑
Citino, Nathan J. (2019 ?? ??????? 3).
≪The Middle East and the Cold War≫
.
Cold War History
.
19
(3): 441?456.
doi
:
10.1080/14682745.2019.1576677
.
ISSN
1468-2745
.
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5,0
5,1
≪The Eisenhower Doctrine, 1957≫
.
United States Department of State
(????????). 2007 ?? ?????? 2
. ??????? ? 2020 ?? ????????? 25-??
.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
public domain
.
- ↑
Hahn, 2006
, ?? 38
- ↑
Hahn, 2006
, ???? 40–41
- ↑
Hahn, 2006
, ???? 42–43
- ↑
French Mandate, 1923
, ?? 1
- ↑
Traboulsi, 2012
, ?? 108
- ↑
Faruki, 1974
, ?? 28
- ↑
Little, 1996
, ?? 31
- ↑
Little, 1996
, ???? 34–35
- ↑
Little, 1996
, ???? 35–37
- ↑
15,0
15,1
Tucker, 2020
, ?? 276
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Cotran, 1959
, ?? 347
- ↑
17,0
17,1
Hahn, 2006
, ?? 44
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18,0
18,1
Little, 1996
, ?? 37
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Kona Nayudu, Swapna (2018 ?? ?????? 3).
≪
'In the very eye of the storm': India, the UN, and the Lebanon crisis of 1958≫
.
Cold War History
(????????).
18
(2): 221?237.
doi
:
10.1080/14682745.2018.1445997
.
ISSN
1468-2745
.
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Hasou, Tawfig Y. (2019 ?? ???????? 22).
Struggle For The Arab World
(????????). Routledge.
ISBN
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.
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Little, 1996
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Rowayheb, 2011
, ???? 416–417
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Rowayheb, 2011
, ?? 416
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Little, 1996
, ?? 39
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Brewer, Sam Pope (1958 ?? ???????? 1).
≪LEBANON ELECTS A NEW PRESIDENT;; CHEHAB IS CHOSEN Parliament's 2d Vote Is 48-7 for General -- Premier Absent CHEHAB ELECTED IN LEBANON VOTE (Published 1958)≫
.
The New York Times
(????????? ????????).
ISSN
0362-4331
. ??????? ? 2020 ?? ????????? 23-??
.
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Little, 1996
, ???? 39–40
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Kona Nayudu, Swapna (2018 ?? ?????? 3).
≪
'In the very eye of the storm': India, the UN, and the Lebanon crisis of 1958≫
.
Cold War History
(????????).
18
(2): 221?237.
doi
:
10.1080/14682745.2018.1445997
.
ISSN
1468-2745
.
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Kona Nayudu, Swapna (2018 ?? ?????? 3).
≪
'In the very eye of the storm': India, the UN, and the Lebanon crisis of 1958≫
.
Cold War History
(????????).
18
(2): 221?237.
doi
:
10.1080/14682745.2018.1445997
.
ISSN
1468-2745
.
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For more on the naval and Marine Corps forces involved, see Bryson, 1980, 126?140.
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. GlobalSecurity.org
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≪
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≪
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??????????
?????????? 2010 ?? ??????? 12-??
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