????? ?????? ?? ???? ?-20

???? ????????, ???????????? ???????
(????? ???? 1900-1909 )
????? ?????, ?? ????? ????? :
?-1903 ????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????.
???? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?-1901 ?? ??? ???? ?'?????.
????? ???? ?? 1906 ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ????? 3,000 ??? ???.
?-1902 ????? ????? ???????????????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????.
????? ???? ???? .
?????? ??? ????? ?????'??? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?-1905 ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ? ????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????.
???? :
???? ?-19 ? ???? ?-20 ? ???? ?-21
?????? :
1880?1889 - 1890?1899 - 1900?1909 - 1910?1919 - 1920?1929
???? :
<<< - 1900 - 1901 - 1902 - 1903 - 1904 - 1905 - 1906 - 1907 - 1908 - 1909 - >>>

? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?? 1 ?????? 1900 ??????? ?? 31 ?????? 1909 .

????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????, ???? ???????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????' ??????? , ????????? ?????-???????? , ???????? ?????, ?????????? ???, ?????? ?????? ?????? ????, ???????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ?????, ???????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????, ????????? ?????????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ???????. ?????, ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ??????. ?????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????. ??? ????? 1904 ?? 1908 ?????? ???????????? ???????? ? ????-???? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ????? ??? 24 ??? ?-100 ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ??-10 ??? ??????? ?????? ????. ????? ?????? ? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ???. ???? , ??????? ? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????.

?????? ????????????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????-???? ???????? ? ????? ????????, ?????? ?? ??? ???'???? ???? ??? ?????? . ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????, ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ????. ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ????-??????????? ????? ????, ???? ???????, ??? ???? ?? ????? 1905 , ??? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????. ????? ?? ????? ????? ? ????? 1917 , ?????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???????????. ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???????????????? (1899?1913) , ??? ???????? ???? (1899?1901) ?????? ??? ????? ????????? (1899?1902) . ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? (1899?1902), ????? ???????????? (1900?1901), ?????? ????????????? (1903?1907). ??? ????? 1906 ?? 1907 ????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ??? 20 ?-25 ?????? ?????. ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? 1906. ???? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???? 1908 ????? ????? ?? ??? 75 ??? ?? 82 ??? ??? ???.

???????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ???????, ?? ???????????? ?????? ????? ????, ???????, ????, ????? ????. ???? 1906 ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????, ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ?-1903 ????? ?????? ? ?????'??? ???????? ????????. ???? 1908, ?????? ????? ???????? ????'?????, ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ????'????? ???? 1876, ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ????. ???? ???, ??? ??????? ??????, ????? 1909 ????? ?? 30,000 ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????.

???? 1905 ???? ????? ?????? ????? ????????? ?? ???? ?????? , ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ???????, ???? ???, ????, ??? ???????. ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????. ????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??????????? ???? ?????? ???????, ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ???????. ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????. ????? ???? ????? ?-17 ?????? 1903 ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?? ???? ?????. ??'???? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ????. ???? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ???? 1903 ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????.

????? ????? ???? ????????? ????? ?-1.60 ?-1.75 ??????? ??? ???. ??? ??? ??? ????? ????? ?-580 ?????? ????? ??-450 ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?????.

? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?-20 (??? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?-20 ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?-20 ) ????? ??? ?-GI .

??????? ?????? ????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????? ?????????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ?????????
????? ?????? ??????
  • 1909-1898: ????? ???? - ????? ??? ????? ? ??????? , ?? ????? ?????. ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????, ???? 1903, ?? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ? ?????? ????????? [1] [2] .
  • 1902-1899: ????? ?????? ?????? - ????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ???? ????????? ??????? ?? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ???? ??????. ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ?????????? ?? ??????. ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????. ?????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????, ?? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????.
  • 1902-1899: ????? ????? ???????????????? - ????? ?????? ??? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ?????. ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????????? ????? ????, ??? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?????????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?????-????. ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????.
  • 1905-1904: ????? ????????? - ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? [3] .
  • 1907-1904: ?????? ??????? ?? ???? - ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????????? [4] .
  • ?????? ???? ????? ?????? - ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ? ????? [4] .

?????? ??????? ???-??????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??????????? ???????????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??-?????????? ????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????? ?????????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ????? ????????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????? ?????? ????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????? ??????? ????????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????????, ???????, ????????? ??????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ?? ???? ????. ??? ???? ?????????? ? ?????? ???? . ????? ?????? ????? ? ?? ????? .
???? ?? ???? ???????

??????????, ????????, ????????? ???????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? (?? ????? ?? ?????? ????????):

?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????? ??? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

30 ????? 1908: ????? ????????
????? ????? ?? ?? ???????? (1906)
  • 8 ??????? 1900: ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? . ????? ????? ??? 8,000 ?-12,000 ??? ???. ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????, ??? ????? ???????? ???? 1850 [36] .
  • 19 ?????? 1902: ????? ???? ?????? ?? 7.5 ? ???? ????? ?????? ? ??????? . ????? ????? 2,000 ??? ???.
  • 6 ???? 1902: ????? ???????, ??. ??. ?????? ( ??' ) , ??? ??? ????? ? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ? ?????? ????? ???? ????????. ?? 655 ??????? ?-82 ???? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????.
  • 8 ???? 1902: ?? ??? ?? ??????? ?????, ?????? ?? ???? ??? ????. ????? ?????? ??? 30,000 ??? ???.
  • 31 ?????? 1906: ????? ???? ???? ? ??????? - ???????? ( ??' ) . ????? ????? ??-8.8, ????? ??????? ?????? ??-1,000 ?????.
  • 7 ?????? 1906: ?? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? .
  • 18 ?????? 1906: ????? ????? ?? ?? ???????? - ????? ???? ?????? 7.8 ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? . ????? ?????? ??? ?-3,000 ??? ???, ???? ??????? 225,000 ?? 300,000 ??? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??, ??????? ????? ??? 350 ?????? ??????.
  • 18 ??????? 1906: ?????? ? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ?-10,000 ??? ??? ? ???? ???? .
  • 1906: ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ? ??????? ??? ???????? , ?????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ?? ?-300 ??? ??? [37] .
  • 14 ?????? 1907: ????? ???? ? ???????? ?? ?'????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???.
  • 30 ????? 1908: ???? 7:17 ????? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ???????? ????? , ??? ??? ? ????? ? ????? , ??? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ????? 2,000 ????????? ??????. ??? ?????? ????? ?????, ?? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ???????. ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ????? ????.
  • 28 ?????? 1908: ????? ????? ?????? ( ??' ) - ????? ???? ?????? 7.1 ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? , ??????? ? ?????? . ????? ?????? ??? ?-150 ??? ??? ???.
  • 1909: ???? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ????????? , ????? ?? ????? ?? ?-350 ??? ???. ???? ????? ????? ??? ??? ? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?-40 ??? ??? [38] .

?????? ???? ??? ??? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ??????? ???? ??????
  • 1 ???? 1900: ???? ?????? ????????? ( ??' ) - ????? ????? ????? ??? ? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ?? 200 ?????.
  • 30 ????? 1900: ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ( ??' ) - ?????? ??????? ???????? Saale, Main, Bremen ?-Kaiser William der Grosse, ????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? , ??? ?'??? ??????? ?????. ??? ?????? ?? ????, ??????? ?? ??????, ????????. ????? ?????? 326 ??? ???.
  • 3 ????? 1903: ???? ?????? ????? ( ??' ) - ????? ????? ????? ??? ? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ?? 169 ?????.
  • 10 ??????? 1903: ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ( ??' ) - ???? ??????? ??? 2 ?? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? 84 ??? ???.
  • 30 ?????? 1903: ????? ???????? ???????? ?????? - ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ????????? ?? ????? ?????. ????? 602 ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????, ?? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ??????.
  • 7 ??????? 1904: ????? ?????? ????????? - ?????? ??? ?-1,500 ????? ?-30 ????.
  • 15 ????? 1904: ????? ??????? ???? ?????? - ????? ?????? ??? ???????? ????? ? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ?????, ???? ???? ????????. ?????? ???? ????? ???? ???? 1,400 ????? ??????, ???? ??????.
  • 28 ????? 1904: ??. ??. ????? ( ??' ) - ????? ??????? ?????, ??. ??. ?????, ????? ??? ????? ???? ? ??????? ? ??? ???? ??????? ????. ??? ?-635 ???????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?????, ???? 225 ?????? ????????.
  • 6 ?????? 1907: ???? ?????? ???????? ( ??' ) - ????? ??? ????? ?"???? ?????? ????? ????? ????????? ?????????" ????? ???? ???? 10:28 ???? ????? ????? ??' 6 ?????? ??' 8 ?? ???? Fairmont Coal ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????. ??? 362 ??? ??? ???? ?????. ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????, ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ???? .
  • 13 ??????? 1909: ???? ?????? ??'?? ( ??' ) - ???? ???????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?'?? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ?? 259 ?????.
  • 19 ?????? 1909: ???? ?????? ???? ( ??' ) - ????? ????? ????? ??? ? ????????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? 239 ?????.

?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

  • 1923-1899: ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ????. ?????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ?????, ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ? ???? ?????? , ????? ????? ? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ?-19, ?? ?? ????? ???? ? ????? [39] . ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ? ?????? , ???????? ?????????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ?????. ??? 1900 ??? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????, ?? ????? ?-800,000 ??????. ????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?-2 ?????? ??????? ?????? [40] .
  • 1904-1900: ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? , ????? ????????? ? ??? . ?? ?? ?? ??, ????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????? [41] .

??? ?????? ????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ?????????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? 1905 ???????? ?????? ????? ????????? ????? ????? ?????? - ?? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ??????.

????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ?? ???? ????. ??? ???? ?????????? ? ?????? ???? . ????? ?????? ????? ? ?? ????? .

?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ?? ????

????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ????? ? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?-20
  • ???? ?? ??? ????? ???? ???????, ??? ??? ?? ?????? ? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ???, ???? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ??? [52] .

?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

  • 1907-1905: ?????? - ????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????????????.
  • ?????? - ????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ??? ???, ??? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ????????. ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ????????, ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????? , ?????? ???????? , ???? ???? ?????? ????? 1906?1907.
  • ???????? - ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????????.
  • ?????? ???? - ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ? ???? [53] .

????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ???? ???

?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

  • ??? ????? - ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????, ??? ??????? , ?? ?? ???? ?? ???. ???????? ?????? ?? ?????? "??? ???" ?????? ?????????? ??? [60] .

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????? ???? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ?? ???? ????. ??? ???? ?????????? ? ?????? ???? . ????? ?????? ????? ? ?? ????? .

?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ????
  • ????? ???? - ???????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???????. ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ????, ??? ???? ?????? ????, ??? ?? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ??????.
  • ????? ????????? -

?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ??????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??????? ????????? ?????? ??????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

ויקישיתוף ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?-20 ? ??????????

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

  1. ^ The Acre War and "pacific matters": Bolivia, Brazil, Chile and the Unites States, 1898-1909 , researchgate
  2. ^ 1 2 3 Interactive World History Atlas since 3000 BC , Geacron
  3. ^ Japan profile - Timeline , BBC
  4. ^ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Interactive World History Atlas since 3000 BC , Geacron
  5. ^ Drago Doctrine , encyclopedia.com
  6. ^ ???????? ????? , ???? ??????????? ????????
  7. ^ ?????? , ???? ??????????? ????????
  8. ^ Platt Amendment (1903) , Our Documents
  9. ^ 1 2 ???? ???? , ???? ???? ?????????
  10. ^ ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? - ????? ????? , ???? ?????
  11. ^ The Dogger Bank Incident , british sea fishing
  12. ^ Othon Guerlac, The Separation of Church and State in France (??' ??? ????? 259), ????? The Academy of Political Science
  13. ^ Women's suffrage , ballotpedia
  14. ^ Stucky, Scott W, The Paquete Habana: A Case History in the Development of International Law , ‏1985
  15. ^ ????? ??? ????? , ???? ??????????? ????????
  16. ^ Labor Movement , ???? ?????????
  17. ^ Open Door policy , ??????????? ????????
  18. ^ ??? ????? ????? 1901 , ???? ??????? ????????? ?????????
  19. ^ John B. Murdoch, THE 1901-1902 "HOLY MAN'S" REBELLION
  20. ^ ????? ??????-????? , ???? ??????????? ????????
  21. ^ ???????? ?? ???? ?????? , ???? ????? ?????
  22. ^ ??? ??????, ??? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? (??' 54)
  23. ^ Macedonian Struggle 1904-08 , ABS ? Greece
  24. ^ North African immigrant , The Alliance for Networking Visual Culture
  25. ^ Somalia - History , Nations Encyclopedia
  26. ^ SAHEED ADEJUMOBI, THE PAN-AFRICAN CONGRESSES, 1900-1945 , ‏JULY 30, 2008
  27. ^ The British Aro Expedition of 1901-1902
  28. ^ The Three Lives of the Casement Report: Its Impact on Official Reactions and Popular Opinion in Belgium , Breac
  29. ^ William Franklin Willoughby, Labor Legislation in France Under the Third Republic (??' 392)
  30. ^ ????? ????? , ???? ??????????? ????????
  31. ^ Caroline Moorehead, Rise up Women! by Diane Atkinson review ? Arson, arrest, escape, and the right to vote , ???????? , ‏9 Feb 2018
  32. ^ ACVV Sport’s Day for the Elderly , ?????????? ????? ?????
  33. ^ ???????? ????? - ???? ??? , ???? ???? ????????? , ‏16.11.18
  34. ^ ??????? , ???? ??????????? ????????
  35. ^ Mary S. Barton, Author Notes, The Global War on Anarchism: The United States and International Anarchist Terrorism, 1898?1904 , ?????????? ????????
  36. ^ ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? , ???? ?????? ???????? ????????????? ????????????
  37. ^ ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? , ???? ?????? ???????? ????????????? ????????????
  38. ^ ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? , ???? ?????? ???????? ????????????? ????????????
  39. ^ CHOLERA , Austin Community College ( ?????? )
  40. ^ George C. Kohn, Encyclopedia of Plague and Pestilence: From Ancient Times to the Present
  41. ^ San Francisco Plague (1900-1904): Topics in Chronicling America , Library of Congress
  42. ^ 19 Amazing Things That Shaped The Paris Exposition Of 1900 , Paris Insiders Guide
  43. ^ 1920-1900 , ??????? ??????
  44. ^ Gregor Mendel Biography
  45. ^ Walther Nernst , Britannica
  46. ^ ??????? ????? , ???? ??"?
  47. ^ THE BLOOD DONOR EVOLUTION
  48. ^ ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????? , ???? ???? ??????? ????
  49. ^ ???????? ?? ?????? , ???? ??????????? ????????
  50. ^ ???????? ?? ?????? , ???? ??????????? ????????
  51. ^ Mary Pickford , allmovie
  52. ^ ????? ?? ??? ????
  53. ^ School of Paris , ??????? ??????????? ??????
  54. ^ The History of Comic Art in America , ?????????? ????'???? ?????????'
  55. ^ ?????? , ???? ??????????? ????????
  56. ^ 1908 OLYMPIC GAMES , ?????????? ?'??'???
  57. ^ ????? ???? , ???? ??????????? ????????
  58. ^ Williamsburg Bridge , NY facts
  59. ^ ???? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??????: ???? ??????? ????? ???? ????, ???? ???? ????? ????, ???? ?"? ???? ??????? , ???? ???? ???????
  60. ^ ELIZABETH NIX, Who Invented the Teddy Bear? , ???? ????????? , ‏JAN 14, 2020


?????? ???? ?-20
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