????? ????'??
(?
??????
:
Thomas Ruggles Pynchon, Jr
; ???? ?-
8 ????
1937
) ???
????
???????
??????? ?
??? ????
????? ?????? ????????. ????'?? ???? ??????
??? ????????
???
???? ?????
?
?????????? ?????
.
???? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????
???? ?-50
???????
???? ?-60
??? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????.
????'?? ??? ???? ?????? ????????? ???? ????? ???? ?
??? ????
??????. ????? ?????? ?????, ???????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ?
????????
???? ????????. ????'?? ???? ????????? ?????? ?????: ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ??-??? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?-60.
????? ????'?? ???? ?
1937
???? ???,
???? ??????
, ??? ????, ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ????
1630
. ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? Gravity's Rainbow ?
1973
.
?? ???? ??????? ??????, ??? ????'?? ?????? ???? ??????. ??????? 1960 ?? ?????? 1962 ??? ???? ???? ?????
??????
?
?????
, ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??
??? ?????? ????????
. ??????? ?? ????'?? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ????? "???????" ??????? ??????
"v"
?
"????? ?? ???? 49"
. ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ?????
" Gravity's Rainbow
" .
???? ????
"v"
?????? ? 1963 ??? ??? ????
?????? ?????
???? ??????? ???? ??.
???? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ??????, ???? ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????-?????-??????. ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?"V". ???? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????. ?? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ????????. ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? (??????? ?? V ??????) ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ?
????
.
- ????? ????
????? ?? ???? 49
???? ?? ???? ????? "???????"
?????? ?? ???? 49
?-1964 ????? ????? ??? ???? ????'?? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????. ???? ???? "????? ?? ???? 49" ?????? ???? 1966, ?? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ???. ???? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ???????. ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??????????? ???? ???? ?????????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ???????. ??? ????? ????? "v", ?? ??? ?? ????'?? ???? ????? ??????? ?????????. ????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? "???????" ?????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?? ????
??? ????? ?????
?????? ????? ?????? ??????
???????
?
???????
.
???? ?????? ??????? ????? ????'?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????, "
Gravity's Rainbow".
- ????? ???? "
Gravity's Rainbow".
???? ?????? ?? ????'??,
Gravity's Rainbow"
, ??? ??????? ?????. ???? ???? ? 1973 ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???????, ???????
??????
,
????????
,
??????
,
???????????
,
????????????
????. ???? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ????, ??????, ?????? ??????, ?????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ?
??????????
?? ?????? ????????? ?
????-???????
.
???? ???? ?????? ????-???????, ??? ?????????? ??????, ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?
??????????
,
?????
,
????????
,
???????
,
??
,
??????
,
?????
?
??????
. ???? ??? (??? ?? ???? ??
???? ?????-?????
A Crown of Feathers and Other Stories) ???? ???????? ????? ??????. ? 1974 ????? ?????
??? ??????
, ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? "?????? ???... ???? ????... ??????? ????".
????? ?????: "?? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????, ?? ?? ?????? ????? ????????". (????? ?????)
???? ?????? ?? ????'??,
Vineland
, ?????? ?-1990, ?? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????. ???? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????
????? ?????
?-1990. ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ????
FBI
?????? ????? ???????.
???? ?????? ?? ????'??,
Mason & Dixon
, ?????? ? 1997 ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? 1975.???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??????
?? ??????-??????
, ?
????????
??????,
?'???? ??????
, ??????,
?'???? ??????
. ????? ???????? ??? ???????. ???? ?????? ?????,
????? ????
, ???? ?? ???? ?"????? ????".
???? ????? ?? ????'??,
Against the Day
, ?????? ???? 2006. ???? ??? ?? 1,085 ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ?????.
???? ?????? ?? ????'??,
Inherent Vice
, ?????? ???? 2009. ???? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????
??????? ?'????
??
????? ?? ????
?????????
????? ?-60 ?? ???? ??????. ???? 2014 ??? ???????
????? ???????
?? ???? ??? "
????? ????
" ??? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???
??? ????? ???????
.
??? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ????'??. ??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ?-40 ???. ???????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ??????'. ???????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????.
- (1963)
V
- (1966)
The Crying of Lot 49
????? ?????? ?
????? ?? ???? 49
, ?????:
????? ????
,
??????
, 2006
- (1973)
Gravity's Rainbow
- (1984)
Slow Learner
- (1990)
Vineland
- (1997)
Mason & Dixon
- (2006)
Against the Day
- (2009)
Inherent Vice
??????? ????????