??
???
????????
??????
??
???????
?????? ????? ??
??????
??
?????? ????
, ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ?? ?
??????
????????
???????
?
??-??????
,
[1]
??? ?
???????
???????
???????.
???? ???? ??????
?????
,
???????
, ?
????????
?? ?????? ?
??????
???????? ???????, ???? ??????? ?? ????, ??? ????? ?
????
?
?????
???
???????
, ??????, ?????? ????. ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????, ????? ????? ?? ???? ????, ??????? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ??
??? ????
.
?? ??? ???
??????????? ????????
?????? ?????: ??? ???????? ??????, ??? ????? ?? ????, ????? ????? ???? (?????? ???? ????).
[2]
????? ??? ???? ????? ????????? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ????.
????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??
???? ?????
, ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?
????
,
??????? ????
???? ?????, ???? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ?
??
?? ?????,
??????
?? ????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???,
?????
,
????
????? ?????? ????? ?? ????.
?? ?? ?? ????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ??????, ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?-4,000 ?? 10,000 ???? ?????, ?????? ????????.
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
???? ???? ???? ?-79% ?????????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ????:
?????
(2.4 ??????? ???????),
?????
(1.9 ??????? ???????),
?????????
(?-1.2 ??????? ???????) ?
???????
(???? ??????? ???????).
????????? ?? ???
??? ????? ?
????????
????? ???????? ????? ????. ?
????????
????? ????? ?????? ?
??
, ??
??????????
????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????, ????? ???????? ?????????, ??????? ?????? ??? ?
?????? ????
??
?????? ???
.
?????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ?
?????? ????
, ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ???
(
??'
)
.
[7]
[8]
????? ????????
????? ?? ??? ???? "
?????
?? ????? ???? ????? ????, ??-?????, ??????
??????
?? ????
????
".
[9]
???? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ?
????? ?????
, ?? ??? ??? ?????? ?????????? ???????.
[7]
???? ??????
?????????
, ???
?????? ????
?
????? ?????
, ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ?????.
[10]
[11]
??????
????? ?????? ???????
????? ?? "???????????" ??? "?? ??????, ????????, ??? ?? ????",
[12]
?? ?? ??, ????? ????, ?????
?? ???????
??????. ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ??? ????? ????? (?????) ??????? ????, ?????? ????? ?? ?????.
[13]
[14]
[15]
????? ?????? "??" ????
????
, ?????? ?
?????
, ????
??? ????-???????
; ????? ???? ????? ? '???'
[16]
(???? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????-???????: "data", ????? '????' (?????? ????? ????? "dadan" ? ???), ??? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?????; ??????
??? ??? ????
. ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ?
??"?
?????? ????????, ?????? ??????? ?
????? ????
: "???
???
???? ???? ?????",
[17]
?"?????? ????
??????
??????????".
[18]
????? "??" ?????? ???"? ?? ?
????? ????
, ?
??? ?????
??
??? ????
[19]
? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ????.
[20]
?
????? ??"?
, ??? ?
??? ???????
, ?????? ??????? ?? ????? "??", ?? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? (?????? ??"?:
?? ??? ??? ??????
, ?? ?? ????; ?????? ??????: ?? ?????, ?? ???????, ?? ??????, ???? ?? ??,
???? ??
???'). ???? ????????, ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? "Religion", ????? ????? "??" ?? ??????? ??? ???? ????.
???? ????????? ????? ??? ?? (2022)
[21]
??? ???? ??? (14.4%)
??? ????? (0.8%)
??? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ???????? (2023)
[
????? ??? ????
|
?????
]
- ????? ?????
????? ?????
?
246,790,000
??????
- ?????
?????
?
175,700,000
??????
- ??????
??????
?
107,780,000
??????
- ?????
?????
?
105,220,000
??????
- ??????????
??????????
?
86,790,000
??????
?????? ?????????? ??
99-100% ??????
:
- ?????????
?????????
?
241,520,000
???????
- ??????
??????
?
225,620,000
???????
- ????
????
?
211,160,000
??????? (?? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ??????)
- ??????
??????
?
155,380,000
???????
- ??????
??????
?
111,750,000
???????
?????? ?????????? ??
99-100% ???????
:
- ?????
?????
?
6,451,000
??????
- ????? ?????
????? ?????
?
5,700,000
??????
- ????
????
?
456,000
??????
- ????
????
?
390,000
??????
- ?????? ???????
?????? ???????
?
289,500
??????
- ?????
?????
?
73.6%
??????
- ???????
???????
?
2%
??????
- ????? ?????
????? ?????
?
1.76%
??????
- ????
????
?
1.07%
??????
- ????
????
?
0.7%
??????
??? ???????? ??? ????
[38]
- ????
????
?
1,093,780,000
????????
- ????
????
?
28,600,000
????????
- ??????
??????
?
13,790,000
????????
- ?????????
?????????
?
4,210,000
????????
- ??????
??????
?
3,990,000
????????
??? ???????? ??? ????
- ????
????
?
80.6%
????????
- ????
????
?
78.9%
????????
- ?????????
?????????
?
48.4%
????????
- ???'?
???'?
?
27.9%
????????
- ?????
?????
?
23.3%
????????
??? ???????? ??? ????
[39]
- ????????? ?????? ?? ???
????????? ?????? ?? ???
?
244,130,000
?????????
- ??????
??????
?
64,420,000
?????????
- ???
???
?
45,820,000
?????????
- ??????
??????
?
38,410,000
?????????
- ???????
???????
?
14,910,000
?????????
??? ???????? ??? ????
- ???????
???????
?
96.8%
?????????
- ??????
??????
?
92.6%
?????????
- ??????
??????
?
79.8%
?????????
- ?????
?????
?
74.7%
?????????
- ??? ????
??? ????
?
68.6%
?????????
- ??? ????? ?
???????? ?? ?????
???? ??? ??? ?? ??
????
????? ?????, ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????, ????? ?? ????, ??? ????? ??????? ?????, ?
?????
?????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ???? ????, ??? ???? ?????? ???????. ??? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ???, ??????? ????? ?????? ?
????
?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????.
???? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????,
?????
,
????
, ????????, ?????, ??? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ??????, ?????? ?????? ???????
?????
?? ?????? ????. ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?
????
?? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????????, ?? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????.
???? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?????, ????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???. ??, ???? ??? ?????? ?
?????
??? ????? ????? (?????? ????? "
???? ?? ????
"). ??? ?? ???? ??? ??
????
????? ????? ??? (?????? ?
??????
?"?). ????? ?? (
??? ?????
????? ???) ????? ?? ?
????? ???????????
??????? ?????? ????? ??
??????
, ????? ????? ???? ?????, ??? ??????? ???? ??. ??? ?
?????
????? ???? ??? ??? ?????, ????? ????? ???? ?????.
[
???? ????
]
????, ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?????. ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ???????. ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?
??? ?????
?????????, ?
?????
???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ????????
???
?
??-?????
. ???? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???, ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??. ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ???????, ??? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ???, ??
?????
??? ????? ?
????
?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????????? ???????.
????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ???. ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ??'???? ???????? ?? ??'?????, ????? ?? ??????, ?????? ?? ??????, ???? ?????? ?? ????????, ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ????????, ?????? ??????? ??????, ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????????????, ??? ????.
?? ?? ????????? ????'
?????? ??? ?????
, ??? ???
?????
?????? ???? ??????, ??? ?? ?????? ??????????? ?? ??? ???, ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????. ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?
?????
??????
, ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ????????, ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????? ??????.
?
????? ?????
??????? ?????? ??????? ????, ?????? ?
???
, ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????, ?? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ????, ????? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??
?????
, ??? ?? ???? ?
?????
, ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????, ?????? ???? ????? ???????. ?? ???? ?
????????? ???????
???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?
?????
???????? ???????? ????? ??? ????,
????
??????.
?????? ?????? ???, ??
???????? ??????
?????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ?????, ??? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???
????? ?????
.
???????? ???????
, ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????, ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??????.
???? ??? ?????
, ???? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???.
???? ??? ???? ????? ???????
????? ????? ????, ?
??????
???????????
, ?? ?????? ?
???????
??????, ?? ??? ?????? ?
?????
??? ????? "?????".
????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ?
????????????
.
?????? ?????
???? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ??????, ??? ???? ??? ?? ????? ????. ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?
??-??????
?????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????. ????? ?????, ???? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ????, ??? ???? ??????? ????????. ???? ??, ?????? ???? "????? ??????", ????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?
????
. ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???, ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??. ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?
?????
?
??????????
????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?
??????
, ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????.
??????
??????????? ???????
, ???? ????? ??
?????? ??????
, ????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????. ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ???????????? ?? ???. ?? ???, ????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ???????.
- ??? ????? ?
?? ???????
?? ???????
??? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ???
?????
??
?????
?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????, ???? ???? ?
??????
.
?
?????
???? ?
?????? ??????
???? ??? ?? ?-100 ??? ????? ?? ?? ?????, ??? ???? ?? ?? ?????, ????? ?? ?? ??????.
?????? ???????? ????? ?????
????? ??? ???????
, ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????. ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???????, ???????? ????? ?
???? ???
???? ??????, ????
???? ??
???? ??????? ??? ?????. ?? ???, ?????? ????????? ???? (??????
?????? ???????
) ???? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ???.
?????? ??? ???????, ???? ??? ????? ?? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????.
??? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????.
[40]
??? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ?
?????
.
[41]
?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????, ???
????????? ???????? ?? ?????
. ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ?? 23% ?????????? ?????, ?? 1.57 ??????? ????? ???
???????
. ?? ???, ??? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ???????? ?
?????? ???????
????. ??????, ?
????? ?????
, ???? ????? ?-51% ????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????, ??? 6% ???? ????.
[42]
?
??????
?????? 92% ????? ??????? ????????, ????? 71% ??????? ???? (???? ?-2014). ??? ?? ???, ???? ?-23% ????????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????, ?? ??? ??? ??????? (Kirsten Sinema, D-Ariz.), ?? 0.2% ???? ??, ???? ???? ?? ???? ???.
[43]
?? ???, ????
?????? ??????
, ??? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?????????, ?? ?? ??? ??? ????? ????? ???? ????.
[44]
??????,
?????
?
??????? ??-??????
??? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?? ???????, ?????? ????????? ??????? (???? ???
??????
). ??? ????????? ????????? ?? ???????? (????,
???? ????
????? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??????). ?
????
, ?????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??????. ????,
????
??? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????, ??
??????? ????????
????? ???? ?? ?????????.
[45]
????? ???, ?????? ???
???
??
???
?? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?????????.
- ??? ????? ?
????? ??
????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????. ?????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??????, ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?????. ???? ???? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???????? ????????? ??????? ??.
?? ?? ???????????? ?? ??????, ???? 1,763 ??????? ????????? ??????/???????, ?-123 ???, ??? 6.98% ???? ????????, ????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????. ?? ?? "The Great Big Book of Horrible Things", ?? ??? ????? ??????? ?-13 ???? 100 ??????? ???????? ????? ?????????.
?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ??????
[
????? ??? ????
|
?????
]
- ????? ??????? ?
?????? ?????? ??????
,
????? ????
?????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ????. ????? ?????? ??????
??????
???? ?????? ???? ?????? ??. ???? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????. ????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????. ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????. ????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ???????. ?????? ?? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ???"?-1971, ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???.
- ?????????
? ????? ??? ??? ?????, ?????? ?????????? ? ????? ????? ????. ?????? ??????????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ???? ????? ??????.
- ?????????
? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??????. ?? ?????? ?????????? ???? ????, ???????? ???????, ??? ??? ?
????????
, ??? ????? ?? ????.
- ??
? ???? ????? ????? ?????, ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? (?
???????????
) ?? ??? ????? ????????. ???? ????? ???? ?"??" ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????, ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ???????. ???????? ???????? ????? ??? "??", ???? ???, ?????? ???? ?????, ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??????, ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????, ??? ????????? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? (?? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????), ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????, ?????? ???????????, ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??.
- ?? ???????
- ?? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ????, ????? ???? ????, ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????. ???? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????????, ???? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ??????.
????? Mayo Clinic ???? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ?
???????
, ???? ?????? ??????, ?????? ?????, ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????.
[46]
??????? ?????? ??: "??? ??????? ???? ???????? ???? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????? ????, ???? ?????? ????, ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? (????? ????
???? ??????
) ?????
????
,
??????
?
???????
".
????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ???, ?????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?????. ??? ??????? ?'???? ??. ?'???, ???? ?????? ???? "?????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????".
????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? 1998, ?? ?? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????, ???? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???????/????? ??????? ??? ????? ????. ??????? ???? ?? "????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ???????/????? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ???????/????? ?????, ?? ??? ????, ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????".
????? ??? ??? ????? ?????
???? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????. ?????? ?????, ??? ??? ???? ????, ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????.
[1]
????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ??????
[
????? ??? ????
|
?????
]
????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?????????? ????.
[2]
????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??????, ??????? ????? ?? ?
??"?
(???? ????? ?????) ???? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ????, ??? ??????? ??????. ??????: ?????? ???? ????????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????, ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????????. ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?
???"?
???? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ????????? ????? ????? ??????.
[3]
??? ???? ???? 2010, ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? (55% ??? ????? ??????), ??????? ??????? (5.8%), ???????? (3.3%) ??????? (1.1%). ?? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????? "??-??" ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??-34.8% ??? ????? ?????? (???? ??? ?????? ?? ?-20% ?????????? ?????).
[4]
- ??? ????? ?
?????? ?? ???
?????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????????, ???? ?? ???????? ?? ???, ????? ???????? ????????? ?????????.
?
????????
???? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ???????????, ??? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ???, ??? ????? ??, ????? ?? ???. ???? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ???????. ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? "?????" ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????. ???? ???????? ??????????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????
[47]
???? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ???????. ?? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ??? "
???????????
" ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ???????, ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????.
[48]
??????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???????, ??????? ?? ??????.
???? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????, ???? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ?
??????
. ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ?? ????? ??????
[49]
??????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ?????????.
????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ???????, ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ????:
- ?????? ???"?
- ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????????????.
- ????? ??????
- ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? ??????, ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?????.
- ?????? ????
[50]
- ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????. ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??????, ????: ?????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?????.
- ???? ?
??????
- ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????. ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????????? ??? ????? ?
??????
.
[51]
- ????? ????? ???????
[52]
- ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ??.
?? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ??????, ????? ??????
????????
?
???? ??????
.
??? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ??, ?????? ?????? ???? ??
????? ????
.
?????
??? ????????
|
---|
??? ?????? ???????????:
??
|
??????? ???????????:
??
|
??? ????? ?????????:
??
|
?????? ????? ???????????:
??
|
- ??
, ????
??????????? ????????
(???????)
- ??? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ????
- ???? ??? ???, ?????? ??? ?????,
??? ?'
,
??? ?'
, ????
?????
- "???? ?????",
??? ?????
?-
??? ???
-
??? ?????????
??
???'?? ??????
????? ???
- ?????? ??????
,
??????????? ??????? ????????: ?????????? ???????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????
, ???? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?
?????
, ???-?? ?????? ???????????, ?"?, 122-134, ?"?, ??' 133?143.
- ???? ???,
?????? ??????? - ?? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ????
, ????
???????
, 13 ?????? 2011
- ??
, ?? ??? ?
?????? ???????
- ^
Definition of RELIGION
, www.merriam-webster.com, 2024-03-30
(???????)
- ^
???? ????, ????? ?????, ??' 451
- ^
Laurie Brashear,
LibGuides: Religion: Home
, eac.libguides.com
(???????)
- ^
Devon Allary,
How Did Christianity Take Over the World?
, Contagious Ideas, 2022-07-15
(???????)
- ^
Michele,
WORLD RELIGION DAY - Third Sunday in January
, National Day Calendar
- ^
Dr Stephen Juan,
What are the most widely practiced religions of the world?
, www.theregister.com
(???????)
- ^
1
2
Daniel Dubuisson,
Exporting the Local: Recent Perspectives on ‘Religion’ as a Cultural Category: Exporting the Local
,
Religion Compass
1, 2007-11, ??' 787?800
doi
:
10.1111/j.1749-8171.2007.00049.x
- ^
Are There Any Atheistic Religions?
, Learn Religions
(???????)
- ^
religion - definition of religion in English | Oxford Dictionaries
, web.archive.org, 2016-10-02
- ^
TST,
About Us
, TST
(???????)
- ^
TST,
FAQ
, TST
(???????)
- ^
About ≪ Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster
(??????? ????????)
- ^
Pastafarians can now get knotted
, NZ Herald
(??)
- ^
"New Zealand: Pastafarian marriage ceremonies approved"
.
BBC News
(??????? ??????). 2015-12-16
. ???? ?-
2022-11-05
.
- ^
Wis. Man Can Wear Pasta Strainer In License Pic
, www.cbsnews.com
(??????? ????????)
- ^
????? ????? ??????: ??????
, ??? ???? ??????
- ^
????? ????
,
??? ?'
,
???? ?'
- ^
????? ????
,
??? ?'
,
???? ?"?
- ^
????? ??????????? ??? ????? ????
- ^
????? "????" ?
??? ?????
,
??? ?"?
,
???? ?'
????? ?? ?? ?
?????
???? ????? ?????? - ?? ??
- ^
Share of global population by religion 2022
, Statista
(???????)
- ^
1
2
Pew Research Center,
Global Christianity - A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World’s Christian Population
, Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project, 2011-12-19
(??????? ????????)
- ^
1
2
Pew Research Center,
Table: Christian Population as Percentages of Total Population by Country
, Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project, 2011-12-19
(??????? ????????)
- ^
Countries with the largest Muslim population 2022
, Statista
(???????)
- ^
Mauritania
,
The World Factbook
, Central Intelligence Agency, 2023-12-20
- ^
Gaza Strip
,
The World Factbook
, Central Intelligence Agency, 2023-12-06
- ^
Morocco
,
The World Factbook
, Central Intelligence Agency, 2023-12-06
- ^
Yemen
,
The World Factbook
, Central Intelligence Agency, 2023-12-06
- ^
Afghanistan
,
The World Factbook
, Central Intelligence Agency, 2023-12-15
- ^
Iran
,
The World Factbook
, Central Intelligence Agency, 2023-12-06
- ^
Tunisia
,
The World Factbook
, Central Intelligence Agency, 2023-12-19
- ^
Niger
,
The World Factbook
, Central Intelligence Agency, 2023-12-19
- ^
Turkey (Turkiye)
,
The World Factbook
, Central Intelligence Agency, 2023-12-13
- ^
Comoros
,
The World Factbook
, Central Intelligence Agency, 2023-12-06
- ^
Algeria
,
The World Factbook
, Central Intelligence Agency, 2023-12-14
- ^
Tajikistan
,
The World Factbook
, Central Intelligence Agency, 2023-12-06
- ^
1
2
World Jewish Population, 2017
- ^
Hindu Countries 2024
, worldpopulationreview.com
- ^
Pew Research Center,
Buddhists
, Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project, 2012-12-18
(??????? ????????)
- ^
Religion and Politics | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(??????? ????????)
- ^
Sharia Law
, Muslims for Progressive Values
(??????? ????????)
- ^
"The role of religion in America's presidential race"
.
The Economist
.
ISSN
0013-0613
. ???? ?-
2024-02-08
.
- ^
Michael Lipka,
10 facts about religion in America
, Pew Research Center
(??????? ????????)
- ^
"Old world wars"
.
The Economist
.
ISSN
0013-0613
. ???? ?-
2024-02-08
.
- ^
Religion and Politics in India
, America Magazine, 2000-02-19
(???????)
- ^
Religious Involvement, Spirituality, and Medicine: Implications for Clinical Practice
- ^
"?????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ????": ??????? ??????? ????"? ??????? ?? ????? ????????
, ???? ?-
2024-02-08
- ^
?????: ???"? ????? ??? ???????????? ?? ?????
, ????
ynet
, 27 ???????? 2009
- ^
WHY I DON'T BELIEVE THE BIBLE
, ???? ?-
2024-02-08
- ^
How Religion Can Impede Women's Rights
, ???? ?-
2024-02-08
- ^
The Ugly Truth of Casteism in Modern India | RAAAZ #shorts
, ???? ?-
2024-02-08
- ^
6.4 RELIGIOUS CONFLICT ? Introduction to Human Geography
, opentext.wsu.edu