????? ?????? ???????
, ????? ???? ???
??? ?????
, (?
??????
:
Arthur Harold Babitsky;
Art Babbitt
;
8 ????????
1907
?
4 ????
1992
) ???
???????
?????
-
???????
????? ????? ????? ?????? ?
?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????
. ??? ???? ????? ?-80 ????? ?
????
?????
?????????, ????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??
????
. ????? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? "
????? ????? ??????
", "
???????
", "
??????
" ?"
????
".
????? ???? ?-
8 ????????
1907
??????
??????
[1]
????
?????
??
?????
??????
, ??? ??? ?
?? ????
,
?????
???? ????? ?? ???. ?????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???, ????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????.
????? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????
(
??'
)
?? ??? ??????? ??? ???
(
??'
)
?
??? ????
. ?? ??????
???? ?-30
??? ????? ?
??? ???'??
??? ?? ?????
??? ??????
, ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????, ??????? ????? ??????.
[2]
?? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ???????, ??? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ????????.
[2]
?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ???? "
?? ???? ?????
" ????
1936
, ???? ?
??? ?????
???? ??????.
[3]
??????? ?????, ????? ????? ??
????? ????
???? "
????? ????? ??????
", ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ?????
?????? ??'?
?"??? ??????? ????? ?????" ????.
[2]
???? ???? ?? ?????, ??? ???? ?? ???? ???????,
????' ?'?????
, ?? ???'?, ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?????????? ????? ??
?????
.
[2]
???? "
???????
", ????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?'???, ???? ????? ?????.
[3]
??? ???? ?????, "???????" ??? ????? ?????? ??? ?????, ????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ????? "??? ????" ?? ??????. ????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ?
??????
???????,
???????
???????,
??????
???????,
????
,
?????
?
??????
???? "
??????
". ?
??? ???????
"
????
", ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????,
[3]
?????? ?? ???? ?
?????
. ????? ?? ????? ??????, ??? ??? ?? ??????? ?
???? ????
???,
??????? ???????
. ????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ??
????
, ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??????? "Animating Art" ????
1987
:
???? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????. ??? ??? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ???, ??? ???? ?? ?? ?? ????.
[2]
????? ???? ?-30 ????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?????, ????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?
???
??
???? ?????
:
????? ?? ????? ??????. ?? ????? ??? ????? ????. ??????? ?????? ???? ????. ??? ?? ??? ??????, ??? ???? ????? ???????. ??? ????, ?? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????????
[2]
?? ???, ????? ?????? ???, ????
1940
??? ????? ???'??? ??????.
[2]
????? ????? ??? ?????????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?????, ????? ???
??????
?????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????. ??? ??????? ???
???? Inbetweener
, ???? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ????, ?????
1941
???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ????. ???? ??????? ?????, ????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ??????, ???? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ??????. ???? ???, ??????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????, ????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?
??????
. ????? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ????, ???? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ?????.
[4]
?? ???? ??????, ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?????. ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ???????, ??? ?? ?????? ???? ?????, ??? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ????. ????? ??? ?? ?????
?'? ????
, ??? "??? ????" (????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ????), ???? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??????. "?? ??? ????? ??, ????? ??", ??? ????? ?????. ????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ????, ??? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ?
??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????
???? ????? ???.
[5]
???? ????? ?
??? ?????? ????????
?
????? ????????? ????
?????
????? ????? ??????
, ????? ??? ?????? ???? ??, ?? ???? ????? "????? ????? ?? ??????" ????? ????? ??? ?????. ????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??????, ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??.
[2]
??? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????, ????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? United Productions of America
(
??'
)
(????? ??? UPA), ????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ???????. ??? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????, ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???? "Rooty Toot-Toot" ????
1951
, ???? ?????? ????.
[5]
?
???? ?-50
??? ??? ??? ??????? ?? "Quartet Films", ?? ??? ??
??????? ????????
. ????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ??
????-?????
.
???? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??, ???????? ?
????
???'?? ????????
????? ????
1973
?? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????,
??????
, ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ?????????.
????
1991
, ??? ???? ?????,
??? ?. ?????
, ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??
??? ?????
, ??? ??? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?????. ?????? ????? ?? ?????, ?????????? ?????-????
???? ?????
?
???? ?'??????
, ?????? ??????
??????
???? ??????? ???? ?
??????
???. ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ????.
(
??'
)
??? ?????
1937
?
1940
??? ????? ???? ????????-??????
????' ?'?????
(??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??
?????
). ????
????? ????? ??????
, ??? ????? ??
???? ?????
, ????????? ???, ?????? ?
?????? ????
. ??? ????? ??? ??? ????: ????, ????
1951
????, ????
1954
.
[6]
???? ???????, ?? ??? ???? ?? ????, ????? ???????
????? ???
. ????? ?? ?
??-????? ?????
?-
4 ????
1992
?????? ?? 84.
????
???? ?-80
????
??? ??????
????????? ??????? ??? "Animating Art", ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ?????. ???? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?????'? ????? (???? ??
???'?? ????????
, ??????? ?????), ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ???, ????????.
[7]
????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?????
???? ?????
????
2007
.
[8]
?????? ?????? ?? ???????
(
??'
)
????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????.
[9]
??????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??, ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???? 1938.
[10]
???
|
?????
|
?????
|
?????
|
1937
|
????? ????? ??????
|
???????
|
|
1940
|
???????
|
???? ?????
|
|
??????
|
??????? - ???? "
???? ???????
" / ???? ????? - ???? "
????????? ??????
"
|
1941
|
???? ???? ??????
|
???? ?????
|
|
1943
|
The Wise Quacking Duck
[11]
|
???????
|
??? ???
|
1947
|
Bootle Beetle
|
???????
|
??? ???
|
????? ??????
|
??????? ??????
|
|
Foul Hunting
|
???????
|
??? ???
|
1949
|
Ragtime Bear
|
???????
|
??? ???
|
1950
|
Giddyap
|
????
|
??? ???
|
The Popcorn Story
|
????
|
|
1951
|
The Family Circus
|
????/???????
|
??? ???
|
Barefaced Flatfoot
|
???????
|
??? ???
|
Fuddy Duddy Buddy
|
???????
|
??? ???
|
Grizzly Golfer
|
???????
|
??? ???
|
Rooty Toot Toot
|
???????
|
??? ???
|
1952
|
The Four Poster
|
???????
|
??? ???
|
1953
|
Job Evaluation and Merit Rating
|
????
|
??? ???
|
1958
|
Date with Dizzy
|
???????
|
??? ???
|
1964
|
!!The Nut House
|
???????
|
???? ????????
|
1966
|
The Lone Ranger
|
????
|
???? ????????
|
1969
|
Of Men and Demons
|
???????
|
??? ???
|
1976
|
Everybody Rides the Carousel
|
???????
|
|
1977
|
Raggedy Ann & Andy: A Musical Adventure
|
???????: ???? ?? ??????? ????????
|
|
1988
|
Animating Art
|
????
|
??? ???????? ??????
|
The South Bank Show
|
????? - ??? 1 "The Art of Walt Disney"
|
???? ???????? ???????
|
1993
|
???? ???????
|
??????? ????
|
|
2012
|
Persistence of Vision
|
????
|
??? ??????
|