??? ?????? ????

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	?? ?????? ; 16 ????? ? 1966 ? 17 ???? ? 1968
	??? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?????
???? ????? ??????
	?? ?????? ; 10 ???? ? 1967 ? 10 ???? ? 1967
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	???? ???? ???? ????
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???????	1916 ; ????? ?????? ?????????
??????	24 ?? ? 2007 ????? (91 ????) ; ???? ? ??????
??????	??????? ???????? ( 1916 ? 1958 ) ; ????????? ???????? ( 1958 ? 1963 ) ; ????????? ???????? ( 1963 ? 2007 )
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??????? ???????	???? ???? 1941 ??? ?????? 1948 ???? 14 ???? 1958 ??? ?????? 1967
???????
	????? ????? - ?????

??? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ( 1916 - 24 ????? 2007 ?) ? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????????. ^[2]^[3]^[4] ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? 16 ????? 1966 ??? 17 ???? 1968 . ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???? 1958 .

????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? 1936 ????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?? 1964 ???? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? 1962 ???? ??? ???????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? 8 ???? /?????? 1963 ? ?? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ??????? .

??? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ????????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ????????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?????????. ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ??????.

????? ??????? [ ??? ]

????? ????? ????? ????????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????:

????????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????.
???????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ????? ??????.

????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? / ?2 ≪?.???????≫ ??? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????. ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ????????. ??? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?????.

??????? ?? ????? [ ??? ]

?? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ????????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ???????.

???? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ????????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ?? ??????????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??????. ??? ???? ???? ??? ?????? /????? 1967 ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ???????? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ????? . ??? ??? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ????????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? .

??? ??????? ?? ???? [ ??? ]

?? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??? 21 ?? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? 1966 ?? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? 007.? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????? ??????? . ???? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ≪???????????≫ ?????? ????? ?????.

??? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? 1967 ??? ??? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? . ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???????.

???? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ?? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? 242 ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ???????. ??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????? ????????? ????.

?????? ?? ????? [ ??? ]

????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? 1968 ???? ????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ???????.

?????? [ ??? ]

????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????.

????? [ ??? ]

???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? 24 ??/????? 2007 ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? 2003 ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ????????? ????????.

???? ??? ?????? ????	' ???? ????????? ???????? ' 1966 - 1968	???? ???? ??? ?????

????? ?????? [ ??? ]

??? ?????? ???? ??? ???? Munzinger IBA (?????????)

??????? [ ??? ]

^ ???? ??? ????? (1 ????? 2012). ??? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? 1966-1968 . Al Manhal. ISBN : 9796500041209 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-04-10.
^ Gibson? Bryan R. (2015). Sold Out? US Foreign Policy, Iraq, the Kurds, and the Cold War . Palgrave Macmillan. ?. 36, 100. ISBN : 978-1-137-48711-7 .
^ Gibson? Bryan R. (2015). Sold Out? US Foreign Policy, Iraq, the Kurds, and the Cold War . Palgrave Macmillan. ?. 94. ISBN : 978-1-137-48711-7 .
^ "Iraq ex-president dies in Jordan" , Middle East Online, August 24, 2007, at age 91. ???? ?????? 05 ????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

??? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? :

??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????.
???????? ?? ???? ????????.

[1] ???? ??? ????? (1 ????? 2012). ??? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? 1966-1968 . Al Manhal. ISBN : 9796500041209 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-04-10.

[2] Gibson? Bryan R. (2015). Sold Out? US Foreign Policy, Iraq, the Kurds, and the Cold War . Palgrave Macmillan. ?. 36, 100. ISBN : 978-1-137-48711-7 .

[3] Gibson? Bryan R. (2015). Sold Out? US Foreign Policy, Iraq, the Kurds, and the Cold War . Palgrave Macmillan. ?. 94. ISBN : 978-1-137-48711-7 .

[4] "Iraq ex-president dies in Jordan" , Middle East Online, August 24, 2007, at age 91. ???? ?????? 05 ????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

? ? ? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ??????
??????? ???????? (1921 - 1958)	???? ????? - ???? ????? - ??? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ^* - ???? ?????? ^* ????? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ????????
?????? (1958 - 2003)	???? ??????? ( ???? ???? ??????? ? ???? ???? ??? ? ???? ????????? ) - ??? ?????? ???? - ??? ?????? ???? - ???? ??? ????? - ???? ????
???? ???????? ??????? (2003 - 2004)	??? ????? ^* - ??? ????? ^* ^* ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ????????
??????? ?????? (2004 - ??? ????)	???? ?????? ^* - ???? ??????? - ???? ????? - ???? ???? - ??? ?????? ???? ^* ???? ????
????? ??????

? ? ? ??????? ???????
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???????	??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? 1936 ???? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ???? 23 ????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? 1958 ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? 26 ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? 8 ???? 1963 ???????? ?????? 1961 ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???? 18 ????? ?????? 1963 ???? 14 ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? 1966 ??? 1967 ???? 17 ???? 1968 ?????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ?????? 1969 ?? ????? ????? ?????????? ??????? (?????? ??????) ????? ?????????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? 1979 ??? ??????? ??????
????????	?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????
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??????	?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????? (???) ??? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????????? ??? ????? ?????? ????????? ??? ????? (???? ??????) ??? ????? (???? ?????) ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?????? (??????) ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????????
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?????? ????? ?????	??? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ???????? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ????
?????? ??????	??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????????

? ? ? ????? ????? ??????
???? ???????? ????????? ??? ?????? (1932-1920)	??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ??????
???? ??????? (1958-1932)	???? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?????
??????? ?????? (2003-1958)	??? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ????????? ???? ????
???????? (2004-2003)	???? ???? ????? ??????? (???? ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ) (2003-2004)
??????? ?????? (2004-????)	???? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ????????