??????

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????? ??????	( ?????????? : 札幌市 )?
??????????	43°03′43″N 141°21′16″E / 43.061944444444°N 141.35444444444°E
????? ???????	1 ????? 1922
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???????	1121.26 ??????? ???? (1 ????? 2021)
??????	5 ???
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??? ??????	1959313 (1 ????? 2020)
??????? ????????	1747. ????/?? 2
??????? ????
????? ?????	? ? ?+09:00
	060-8611
??? ??????	11
??? ???????	2128291 ? ? 2128295
??????? ??????	????? ? ????????? ? ??????? ? ???????????? ? ??????? ? ????? ? ??????????? ?????? ? ??????? ?????? ?? ? ??????????
?????? ??????	?????? ??????
	???? ??? ?????? - ????????? ?????
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?????? ( ?????????? : 札幌市 = Sapporo-shi) ?? ????? ?? ??????? . ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??????? . ???? ??? ?????? 1,959,750 ???? (2023).

?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ?????????.
??? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????????? ???? ????? ??? 3500 ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????????.
??? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???? /?????? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????.

??????? [ ??? ]

????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????: ????? ??????? (???? 1876 ?)? ???? ?????? ???? (1945 ?) ???? ???? ???? ??????? ( 1952 ?) ?????? ???? ????? ?????? (1950) ?????? ?????? ( 1967 ?) ???????? ??? ????? ??????.

???????? [ ??? ]

?????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ? ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ≪??????≫? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ???. ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ????????.

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???? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ( ?????????? : ? ?????? : ?? ). ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ???????:

?????????-?? (厚別?) (??????????)
?????-?? (中央?) (???????) ? ?????? ???????
??????-?? (東?) (??????? ???????)
????-?? (北?) (?????????? ??????)
?????-?? (?田?) (???????)
??????-?? (南?) (???????)
????-?? (西?) (??????????)
???????-?? (白石?) (??????)
????-?? (手??) (??????? ??????)
????????-?? (豊平?) (???????)

??????? [ ??? ]

?? ????? ??????? ??? 1871 ?? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? 1886 ?. ???? ??? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? 1972 ? ??????? ???? ??????? ????????? ??????? . ??? 2002 ? ??? ?? ?????? (42,000 ?????) ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? .

????? [ ??? ]

??????? ???????? ????? ?? ?? ??:

????? [ ??? ]

^ "???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????" . OpenStreetMap . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-05-25 .
^ "???? ?????? ?? GeoNames ID" . GeoNames ID . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-05-25 .
^ "???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????" . MusicBrainz area ID . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-05-25 .
^ . Q2986578. ?. 7 https://www.gsi.go.jp/KOKUJYOHO/MENCHO/backnumber/GSI-menseki20210101.pdf . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ "?務省 > 電?通信番?制度 > 市外局番の一?" (??????????). ?務省 .
^ http://www.city.sapporo.jp/kokusai/sistercity/munchen.html . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ https://www.muenchen.de/rathaus/Stadtpolitik/Partnerstaedte/Sapporo.html . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ https://plaza-sapporo.or.jp/citizen_j/international_exchange/ . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ https://www.city.sapporo.jp/kokusai/sistercity/daejeon3.html . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ https://www.daejeon.go.kr/drh/DrhContentsHtmlView.do?menuSeq=1734 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ https://www.daejeon.go.kr/english/EngSisterCities.do?menuSeq=7028 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ . ?. 37 http://web.archive.org/web/20160816045246/http://www.chiangmai.go.th/meet_file/sarupCM2557.pdf . ????? ?? ????? (PDF) ?? 2016-08-16. {{ ??????? ??? }}: |archive-url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

?????? ?? ???????? ??????? :

??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????.

?????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????????:

?????? ??? ????? .
?????? ??? ?????? .
?????? ??? ???? .

??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ???????. ????? ???? ?? ???????.

[1] "???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????" . OpenStreetMap . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-05-25 .

[GeoNames_ID-2] "???? ?????? ?? GeoNames ID" . GeoNames ID . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-05-25 .

[MusicBrainz-3] "???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????" . MusicBrainz area ID . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-05-25 .

[wikidata-26175289c86f6b02d059b7f8d01fa7fc1ba55cf0-4] . Q2986578. ?. 7 https://www.gsi.go.jp/KOKUJYOHO/MENCHO/backnumber/GSI-menseki20210101.pdf . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[wikidata-8c8f80dd77bbc8fae84b486f2f0601ab16a26ebc-5] "?務省 > 電?通信番?制度 > 市外局番の一?" (??????????). ?務省 .

[wikidata-c1ca6956121562f5d2c771d72d2d058855f5c021-6] ttp://www.city.sapporo.jp/kokusai/sistercity/munchen.html . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[wikidata-6fa12eb078e816d5f018c70d32bd3a3e468acbef-7] ttps://www.muenchen.de/rathaus/Stadtpolitik/Partnerstaedte/Sapporo.html . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[wikidata-91b354c8f496340be4bd8ed7cb4aec0fb0491749-8] ttps://plaza-sapporo.or.jp/citizen_j/international_exchange/ . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[wikidata-3139f5183b32392b19dea4045aaf0aa0f904c40f-9] ttps://www.city.sapporo.jp/kokusai/sistercity/daejeon3.html . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[wikidata-1cc6711daefd063c983300ef71079dd03b52ce98-10] ttps://www.daejeon.go.kr/drh/DrhContentsHtmlView.do?menuSeq=1734 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[wikidata-4c153d8a7dcd1d5671b45839d81893616ad764b6-11] ttps://www.daejeon.go.kr/english/EngSisterCities.do?menuSeq=7028 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[wikidata-b88d260ea2e5f1b8a3bb60b2e637e8ffb7ef2221-12] . ?. 37 http://web.archive.org/web/20160816045246/http://www.chiangmai.go.th/meet_file/sarupCM2557.pdf . ????? ?? ????? (PDF) ?? 2016-08-16. {{ ??????? ??? }}: |archive-url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

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