???? ???? ???? ????????
?????? ????????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? 1930
??????? 1 ????? 1941  ????? ??????? ????????   ?????? ??????? ????????
????? ????? - ?????

???? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ^[1] ???? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ^[2] ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ????/?????? ??????? ????? 2 ???? / ???? 1941 ? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ????????. ^[3]

??????? ????????? [ ??? ]

?? 4 ????? ????? 1939 ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? . ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? . ??? 1 ????? ?????? 1939 ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?? ???????? ?????? ?? 3 ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ???? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? 1930.

???? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ???????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ?? 5 ????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ????????? ???????? ????? ??? ????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ????????? ??????. ?????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??????. ??? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? 1930 ?? ???????? ? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????????????.

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???? ???? ????? [ ??? ]

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????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ??????. ?? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?????. ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????? .

?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ????????. ??? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ??:

• 1.???? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ??? 1932 .
• 2.???? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???? ???????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ? ??? ?????? ????. ?? ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????? .
• 3.????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ?????????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ? ???? ????????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ?? ????????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????????. ????? ?????? ???? ????????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ??????? ??? 1939 ??? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????.
• 4.??????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ????????? ??????? ??? 1930? ? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ???????. ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? . ^[5]
• 5.?????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ????? / ????? ?????? ??? 1940 ??? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ????.

??? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ?????? ????????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? . ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ?????.

????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????????. ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ????????? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ???? 1940. ^[6]

??????? ???? ?????? [ ??? ]

??? ????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ????????. ??? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????. ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????.

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???????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? [ ??? ]

??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ????????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ????????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???????? ????????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ??? 1932 ? ?? ??? ????. ???? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ??????? ???? ???????? ????? ???????? ???????? ????????.

??? ???? ???????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ???? 1940 ?1941 ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? 1930 ? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????. ??? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?????? . ???? ????? ???? ≪????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ???≫? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????. ^[8] ???? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ??????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? 1930 ??????. ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? .

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??? ????? / ???? ?? ??? 1940? ? ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ????????. ??? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ????????. ???? ??? ???? ?? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????????? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??? ??????. ????? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ?????.

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??? ??? ???? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ????????. ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??????????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ?? ???????? . ^[9]

????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? . ???? ??? ??????? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ????? ???.

???? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ?????.

????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ??????: ??? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ????????? ????? ????? ??? ??????. ??? ????? ????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????????. ^[10]

???? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ? ????? ?? ????? / ????? ?????? 1941? ? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ????????? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?????. ?????? ?????????? ???? ????? ?? ?? ???? ????????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ????????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? .

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??? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ????????? ???? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ??????. ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????????.

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???? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????????? ? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????.

???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ????????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? .

????? ???? ???? ???? ???????? [ ??? ]

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??? ??????/ ???? ?? ??? 1941 ???? ?????? ??????? ????? 2 ???? / ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ????????. ???? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??: ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? . ??? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ?????? ???????? ≪??????≫ ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ≪???? ??????? ??????????≫.

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?? ????? ^[11] ???? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???? 1941? ? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????. ^[12]

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