?? ?????????? ???????? ?????
?????
???????
?? ?????
???????? ??? ????? ?????. ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ???20 ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ???? 20 ???????.
[1]
????? ???? ??????
??????
?????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ???????.
[2]
????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??????. ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????.
??? ??? 2017? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ????? ???? ?????.
[3]
??? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ????
????? ????? ????????
???? ≪????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????≫. ??? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ?????????? ???????? ???? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????????????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????.
- ??????? ?????: ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????? ????? ????????.
- ??????? ????? ??????: ????? ??????? ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ???? (??? ?????????????) ???? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?????.
- ??????? ????? ??????: ????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ????.
??????? ??????? ????????
[4]
?? ????? ≪????? ?? ????? ????????? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????????? ???? ???? ?????? ???≫.
[5]
???? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??? 2000. ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????.
????? ??????? ?? ?????
[
???
]
??? ??? 1971 (????? ???????? ?????? ???? 1860)
[
???
]
??? ??? 1971? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? 312 ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ???? 1860?
[6]
?????? ???? ??≪?????? ???????? ?? ???≫.
[7]
???????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?/?? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?/?? ??? ????? ?????.
???? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? 15 ????? ?? ???? ????? ????????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?????????. ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ????. ??? ??? ????????
[8]
???? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? 1964 ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? ??
?????
. ??? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? 1970 ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????. ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? 1971 ????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????.
?????? ???????? ????? ???
[
???
]
- ?????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? 1964.
- ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ?????????? ???????.
- ???? ?????? ?? ??? 1966 ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ???????? ????? ????????.
- ????? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ???? 500 ????? ????? ????? ??? ????????? ?? ??? ?? 6.5 ????? ? 2.6 ????? ???? ????? (??????) ?3.9 ????? ???? ?????.
????? ??????? ?? ?????
[
???
]
????? ???? ????? 15.6 ????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???.
[9]
????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ????. ????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? 10 ???? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????. ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???.
????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? 2002 ???? ?? ????? ????? ???????. ????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???? 6.4 ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?????.
???????
[
???
]
- ^
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.
BBC News
. 6 ?????? 2017. ????? ??
?????
?? 2019-12-19.
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.
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. 20 ????? 2018. ????? ??
?????
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?? 2018-06-20.
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Ganatra, Bela; Gerdts, Caitlin; Rossier, Clementine; Johnson, Brooke Ronald; Tuncalp, Ozge; Assifi, Anisa; Sedgh, Gilda; Singh, Susheela; Bankole, Akinrinola (Nov 2017).
"Global, regional, and subregional classification of abortions by safety, 2010?14: estimates from a Bayesian hierarchical model"
.
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{{
??????? ?????? ?????
}}
: ????? ?????????: ????? ??????: ????? ???????? (
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