????? ????????

????? ???????? ; ????. ? Johan Galtung
????? ?	?????????? 24 , 1930 ; ???? , ????????
??????? ?	???????? 17 , 2024 (93 ???????) ; ?????? , ????????? , ????????
???????????????	????????
???????????????	??????????? , ????????? , ???????? , ??????????? ??????? ? ????
????????	Q115179380 ?
?????????????(???)	?????????? ?????????? , ??????? ???????? ?????????? , ?????????? ???????????? ??????? , ?????? ?????????? , ????? ?????????? ? Ritsumeikan University ?
?????????????? ?????	?????????? ????????????????? , peace and conflict studies ? , ???????????????? , ?????????? , ?????????????????? , ????????????? , ???????????? ? ????????
???????????????	?????????? ?????????????? ????????
???? ?????	?????? ??????????
??????? ???????	magister degree ? ( 1957 )
?????????? ? ??????????	???????? , ?????????? ? ??????????
????????	Humanist Prize ? ???? ???? ???????????? Prices of the Norwegian Association of Sociology ? Jamnalal Bajaj Award ? ≪???? ??????????≫ ??????? Brage Prize for non-fiction ? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ?????? ? ??????? ???????????? ??????????? ???????? ??????
???????(???)	Ingrid Eide ?
?????(???)	Andreas Galtung ?
????	August Galtung ?
????	Helga Holmboe ?
	Johan Galtung ?????????????

????? ??????? ???????? ( ?????????? 24 , 1930 ( 1930-10-24 ) ^[1]^[2], ???? , ???????? ^[3] - ???????? 17 , 2024 ( 2024-02-17 ) ^[4], ?????? , ????????? , ???????? ^[5]), ????????? ???????? , ??????????? ? ?????????????? ?????????????????????? ????????? ???????? ^[13]?

1959 ?? ????????? ????????? ? ???? 1970 ?? ????????? ? ?????? ??????????? ?????????????????? ?????????? (????)? 1964 ?? ????????? ? ??????????? ?????????????????? ???????? ? ?????? ????????????? 1969 ?? ???????? ? ????????? ??????? ??????????? ? ?????????????? ??????????????????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????????? 1977 ???????? ??????????? ???????? ?????????????? ????? ? ??????????????????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???????????????? ? ???? ?????????? ???????? ? 1993-2000 ??????????? ??????? ????????????? ?????????? ? ???????????????? ? ???????????? ?????? ???????? ? ????? 2015 ??????? ?????????? ? ????????? ?????????? ????????? ????????????? ^[14]?

????????? 1950-???? ??????????? ??????????? ? ??? ??????????????? ??????? ????????? ?????????????? ?????? ? 1950-????????? ???????????? ????????, 1960-?????????? ??????????????? , 1970- ????????????????????????? ? ?????????? , ?????? ??? 1980-????????? ???????????????, ?????????????? ? ???????????????? ??????????? ??????? ?? ?????????????? ????????? ??????????? ? ≪??????????? ??????????????≫ ??????? ???????? ^[15]? ?????? ? ?? ???? ??????? ?????????????, ?????? ??????, ?????? ?? ????????? ??????????? , ???????????? ????????? , ?????????????? ??????????????? ??????????? ??????????????, ??????????????? ??????????? ^[16], ???????????? ?????????????? ??????????? ? ??????? ?????????? ? ?????????? ?????????????????? ? ??? ???????????? ??????? ??????????? ^[17]? ????? ?????? ? ???? ????????? ? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????????????? ??????????? ????????????? 1987 ???????? ????????? ? ≪???? ????????≫ ????????? ≪???????????? ????????? ?????????? ?? ?????????????≫ ??????????? ? ????????? ????????????????? ?????? ?????? ???, ????????? ? ???????? ??? ??????????? ? ????????????????

?????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

????????? ?????? ? ???????? ???????? ????????? ???????????? ? ??????????? ????????? ????????????:

????????? ????? ? ???????? ? 1956 ???????? ?????? ????????????? ???? ? ????? ??????????? ??????? ???????????? ???????? ^[18], ??? ??? ???? ???? ???????????? ??????? ?????? ^[17]?

??? ?????, ?? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ? ????????? ?????????? ? ????? ?????, ? ???? ????????? ????? ????????????? ?????? ^[19]?

??????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

?????????? ??????? ????????? ???? ???????? ??????????? ? ???? ???? ? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??????????? ??????????? ??????????? ???????????? ????????? ^[20]? 1959 ???????? ???????????? ???? ? ??????? ? ??????????? ?????????????????? ?????????? ?????????? (????)? ??????????? ??? ???? 1969 ???????? ????????? ??? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????????????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ? ????? ??????????????? ?????????? , ??? ?????????????? ? ?????????? ????????? ????????????? ?????? ^[21]?

1964 ???????? ????????? ??????? ? ???????????????? ??????? ?????? ???????? <i>??????????? ?????????????????? ????????</i> : ^[21] ????? ???????? ???????? ? ?? ??????? ????????? ??????????? ?????????? ?????????????????? ??????????? ?????????? ????????

????????? ???????? ?????? ?, ?? ???????????? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ? ????? ??? 1000 ?????? ? 100 ???? ^[22]? ????????? ? ??????????? ??????? ????? ???????? ????????? ????? ???? ?, ?? ???????? ≪????????? ?????? ??? ? ? ?????????, ?? ????? ? ???????? ??? ????? ? ?????? ?????? ≫ ^[23]? ????????? ??? ?????????? ?????????????? ?????????? ????? ? ^[24]?

???????? ?????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

????????? ??????? ??, ?? ????????????????? ??????? ??????????? ? ??? ????????? ? ??????? ??????????? ?????????, ????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????????? ??? ??????????? ????????????? ? ??? ??? ???????????? ?????? ??????????? ???? ? ???????? ???????????? ???? ?????????? ? ??????? ??????????? ?????????? ? ??????????????????? ??????? ??????? ????????????????? ^[25]?

????????? ?? ?????? ????????? ????????? ? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ??????????? ?????????????? ? ???? ?????????? ?????? ?????????? ???????????????????? ?????? 2004 ???????? ? ??? ??????????? ? ???-? ??????????????? ??????? ????????????? ??????? ?

????????? ? ???????? ??????? ? ??????? ?????????, ????? ??????????? ???????? ?? ??????????? ? ??????????????????? ??????????????????? ????????? ???????????????? ???? ? ??????? ?????? ?? ????????? ??????????? ????????????, ?????? ?? ?? ??????? ?????????????? ? ????????????????????? ????????? ????? ??????????????

????????? ??? ???? ? ???? ??????????? ???????????? ????????????, ??? ?????? ????? ??? ????????????? ? ???? ?????? ???????????? ? ??????????? ??????????

????????? ??????????? ? ??????? ????????????????? ?????????

???????????? ??? ?????????????? ?????????? ? ????????, ??? ??????? ?????????? ??????????? ? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????????????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?
????????? ? ?????? ????????????. ???????? ??? ???????????? ????????????? ?? ?????????????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????????????? ( ????????? ???????????? ) ??????????????? ??????, ??? ????????? ? ??????????? ?????????????????? ??????? ????? ?????? (??? ?????????? ???????? ??????????????) ???? ??????????????? ? ??????? ????????? ????????????????? ( ?????? ???????????? )? ?????? ????????? ??? ??????????? ?? ????????? ???? ??? ?????????? ??????????????, ????? ????????? ????? ??? ????????? ? ????????? ???? 1907 ???????? ? ????? ?????? , ??? 1963 ????????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???????

??????? ??????????? ?????????? ??? ??????????????? ? ??? ???????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

????? ????????? ?????????? ??? -? ?????????? ?? ??????????????? ?, ?? ???????????? , ??? ??????????? ???? ????????????, ??? ?????????, ???? ????????? ?? ???-? ?? ?????? ?????? ? ?? ???????????? ???????????? ?????, ??? ????? ??????? ???? ????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????????????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ???????????? ????? ?? ?????????? ????????, ????????? ???????????? ?????? ? ????????? , ???????????? ??????????????????? ?? ????????????????? ? ????? ??????, ??????, ????????????? ?? ?????? ???-? ???????? ? ????????? ????????????????? ? ????????? ?????????????? , ?????????????????, ?????????? ? ???????????????, ?????? ??? ????????? ?????????? ???????? ??? ???????????? ????? ???????????????? ???? ?????????? ? ???????? ????????????????? ?

?????????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

?????????? ???????? ?????????? ? ???? ????????? ?????? ?????????????? ? ???? ??? ?????, ?? ???-? ??? ??????? ????????????? ????????? ??? ???????????? ????????? ? ??????? ????????????????? 2004 ???????? ??????????? ?? ?? ????????? ????????? ???????? ? 14 ≪???????????????≫, ????? ????? ?? ????????? ???-? ??????????? ≪????????? ?? ???????≫ ^[26]? ????? ????????? ????????? ???? ?? ?????????? ? ?? ???????????? ≪???-??????????? ??????≫ ????? ? ??? ????????? ????? ????????? ???? ^[27]? ????????? ???? ??????? ??????????? (?????? ?? ??????? ??????????????) ??????? ??????????? ? 2020 ????????? ??? ???????? ??? ??????????, ?????????? ? ????????? ??? ????????? ???????????????? ????? ??????????? ??? ????? ???????????? ??

?????????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

?????? ??????? ? ??????? ???? ??????

?? ?????????????? ????????? ????????? ????? ???? ?????????????????? ? ?????????? ????????????? ?? ?????????, ????????????? ???? ???? ????????? ????????? ? ?????? ???? ???????? ???????? ??????????????? ? ???, ???? ??? ??????????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????????? ?????????? ???????? , ??????? ? ????????????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ??????? 2007 ???????? City Journal ????????? ^[28] ??????????? ? National Post- ??? ^[29] ????? ????? ????????? ????? ??????? ???? ????????? ???????????? ??????????? ?? ????????? ???? ?????????????????? ???????? ????????????? ????????? ????? ??????????????? ???????? ?????? ???????????? ???????????? ??????

???????? ?????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

Dr honoris causa, University of Tampere , 1975, ????????????????
Dr honoris causa, University of Cluj , 1976, ????????????????
Dr honoris causa, Uppsala University , 1987, ????????????????? ????????? ^[30]
Dr honoris causa, Soka University , Tokyo, 1990, ????????????/????????
Dr honoris causa, University of Osnabruck , 1995, ????????????????
Dr honoris causa, University of Torino , 1998, ????????? ??????????
Dr honoris causa, FernUniversitat Hagen , 2000, ????????????????
Dr honoris causa, University of Alicante , 2002, ??????????
Dr honoris causa, Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla , 2006, ???????????????
Dr honoris causa, Complutense University , ??????, 2017, politics and sociology
Honorary Professor, University of Alicante , Alicante, 1981
Honorary Professor, Free University of Berlin , 1984?1993
Honorary Professor, Sichuan University , Chengdu, 1986
Honorary Professor, Witten/Herdecke University , Witten, 1993
Distinguished Professor of Peace Studies, University of Hawaii , 1993-
John Perkins University Distinguished Visiting Professor, 2005-
Right Livelihood Award , 1987
First recipient of the Humanist Prize of the Norwegian Humanist Association , 1988
Jamnalal Bajaj International Award for Promoting Gandhian Values, 1993 ^[31]
Brage Prize , 2000
First Morton Deutsch Conflict Resolution Award, 2001
Honorary Prize of the Norwegian Sociological Association, 2001
Premio Hidalgo, Madrid, 2005
Augsburg Golden Book of Peace, 2006
Member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters
Honorary member of the Green Party , 2009
Erik Bye Memorial Prize, 2011

??????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

????????? ?????????? ? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ? ????????? ????? ???? ^[22]?

Statistisk hypoteseproving ( ???????????? ???????? ???????? , 1953)
Gandhis politiske etikk ( ?????? ????????? ????? , 1955, ???????? ??? ????? ??? ???????)
??????????? ?????????????????? ?????????? ? ???????? (1967)
??????????, ???????????? ? ??????????? ?????????????? (1969)
????? ?????????? ???????? (1971)
Fred, vold og imperialisme ( ????????????, ?????????? ? ??????????? , 1974)
????????????. ?????????????? - ?????????? - ????????????? (1975)
??????? ????????? (1989)
?????? ????????. ?????????????? ? ???????????? ??? ????????????? ??????????: (1992 ?., ?????? ?. ???????? ??? ???????)
Global Projections of Deep-Rooted U.S Pathologies ?????????? 2017-08-18 Wayback Machine (1996)
???????????? ????? ??????????. ???????????? ? ??????, ????????? ? ???????????????? (1996)
Johan uten land. Pa fredsveien gjennom verden ( ?????? ????? ????: ??????????? ?????????? ?????? ????????? , 2000 ?., ???????????????????, ??? ????? ????????? ? ?????? ???????? )
50 ????. 100 ??????????? ? ?????????????? ??????????? (2008)
?????????????????? - ???????????? - ????????? (2008 ?., ??? ?. ????? ???)
50 ????. 25 ?????????????? ?????? ???????? (2008)
??????????????? ???????. ????, ????????????? ? ???????????? (2008 ?., ???? ????????? ??? ???????) ^[32]

?????????????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

↑ ^1,0 ^1,1 ?????????? ???????????? (????.)
↑ ^2,0 ^2,1 Munzinger Personen (????.)
↑ ^3,0 ^3,1 ^3,2 Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Record #118537415 // Gemeinsame Normdatei (????.) ? 2012?2016.
↑ ^4,0 ^4,1 ^4,2 Fredsforsker Johan Galtung er død (????.) ? 1995.
↑ ^5,0 ^5,1 ^5,2 Johan Galtung er død ? 2024.
↑ ^6,0 ^6,1 ^6,2 ^6,3 ^6,4 ^6,5 ??????? ??????? ????????? ???????
↑ Store norske leksikon (????.) ? 1978. ? ISSN 2464-1480
↑ Bibliotheque nationale de France data.bnf.fr (??.) : ????????? ??? ???????? ? 2011.
↑ ^9,0 ^9,1 CONOR.Sl
↑ Johan Galtung: Facultad de Ciencias Politicas y Sociologia ? Complutense University of Madrid .
↑ Norsk biografisk leksikon (????.) ? Kunnskapsforlaget . ? ISSN 2464-1502
↑ ^12,0 ^12,1 Pas L. v. Genealogics ? 2003.
↑ John D. Brewer , Peace processes: a sociological approach , p. 7, Polity Press, 2010
↑ ≪Archived copy≫ . ?????????? ? ?????????? 2015 ?? ??????? 3-?? . ??????? ? 2015 ?? ??????? 2-?? . {{ cite web }}: CS1 ????? ?????? ????????? ? ????? ???????? ( link )
↑ PRIO Stories
↑ ≪Peacebuilding and The United Nations - United Nations Peacebuilding Support Office≫ . Un.org. 2011 ?? ??????? 24 . ??????? ? 2013 ?? ????????? 18-?? .
↑ ^17,0 ^17,1 "Johan Galtung" , Norsk Biografisk Leksikon
↑ ≪CV_Galtung≫ . Coe.int . ??????? ? 2013 ?? ????????? 18-?? .
↑ ≪Genealogical data for Johan Galtung≫ . ?????????? ? ?????????? 2008 ?? ???????? 3-?? . ??????? ? 2007 ?? ????????? 18-?? .
↑ ≪Life of Johan Galtung (in Danish)≫ . ?????????? ? ?????????? 2016 ?? ????? 4-?? . ??????? ? 2020 ?? ??????? 17-?? .
↑ ^21,0 ^21,1 ≪PRIO biography for Johan Galtung≫ . ?????????? ? ?????????? 2008 ?? ?????? 28-?? . ??????? ? 2007 ?? ????????? 17-?? .
↑ ^22,0 ^22,1 TRANSCEND biography on Johan Galtung
↑ (K. Boulding 1977: 75)
↑ ≪Gruppe 7: Samfunnsfag (herunder sosiologi, statsvitenskap og økonomi)≫ (Norwegian). Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters . ?????????? ? ?????????? 2011 ?? ?????????? 27-?? . ??????? ? 2009 ?? ?????????? 26-?? . {{ cite web }}: CS1 ????? ????????? ????? ( link )
↑ PEACEBUILDING & THE UNITED NATIONS Peacebuilding Support Office, United Nations
↑ On the Coming Decline and Fall of the US Empire by Johan Galtung, Transnational Foundation and Peace and Research (TFF), January 28, 2004.
↑ Amerikas imperium gar under innen 2020 ?????????? 2016-04-10 Wayback Machine Adressa September 23, 2004.
↑ The Peace Racket ?????????? 2016-03-13 Wayback Machine by Bruce Bawer, City Journal, Summer 2007.
↑ Barbarians within the gate (???????? ?????) by Barbara Kay, National Post, February 18, 2009.
↑ ≪Honorary doctorates - Uppsala University, Sweden≫ .
↑ ≪Jamnalal Bajaj Awards Archive≫ . Jamnalal Bajaj Foundation .
↑ ≪Johan Galtung's Publications 1948-2010≫ (PDF) . ?????????? ? ?????????? (PDF) 2012 ?? ?????????? 1-?? . ??????? ? 2012 ?? ?????????? 8-?? .

??????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

Boulding, Elise. 1982. "Review: Social Science?For What?: Festschrift for Johan Galtung." Contemporary Sociology . 11(3):323-324. JSTOR Stable URL
Boulding, Kenneth E. 1977. "Twelve Friendly Quarrels with Johan Galtung." Journal of Peace Research . 14(1):75-86. JSTOR Stable URL
Bawer, Bruce. 2007. "The Peace Racket". City Journal . Summer 2007. Link ?????????? 2016-03-13 Wayback Machine .

??????? ???????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

TRANSCEND: A Peace Development Environment Network
Galtung-Institute for Peace Theory and Peace Practice
Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO)
Biography on Right Livelihood Award
Lecture transcript and video of Galtung's speech at the Joan B. Kroc Institute for Peace & Justice at the University of San Diego, December 2010
Audio recordings with Johan Galtung in the Online Archive of the Osterreichische Mediathek (Interviews and lectures in German). Retrieved 18 September 2019

[_b33ea0f0d26af239-1] 1,0 ^1,1 ?????????? ???????????? (????.)

[_70902eac2565d4a1-2] 2,0 ^2,1 Munzinger Personen (????.)

[_610d5a44bdc657b3-3] 3,0 ^3,1 ^3,2 Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Record #118537415 // Gemeinsame Normdatei (????.) ? 2012?2016.

[_e64f25359e09f30b-4] 4,0 ^4,1 ^4,2 Fredsforsker Johan Galtung er død (????.) ? 1995.

[_be635a564f5baab4-5] 5,0 ^5,1 ^5,2 Johan Galtung er død ? 2024.

[_c52312142dbd74a4-6] 6,0 ^6,1 ^6,2 ^6,3 ^6,4 ^6,5 ??????? ??????? ????????? ???????

[_3e244276606bf62a-7] Store norske leksikon (????.) ? 1978. ? ISSN 2464-1480

[_658dcb8ce7bd32cf-8] Bibliotheque nationale de France data.bnf.fr (??.) : ????????? ??? ???????? ? 2011.

[_3a8942f49f10c739-9] 9,0 ^9,1 CONOR.Sl

[_1d5e2c85a026738d-10] Johan Galtung: Facultad de Ciencias Politicas y Sociologia ? Complutense University of Madrid .

[_07f697127a530038-11] Norsk biografisk leksikon (????.) ? Kunnskapsforlaget . ? ISSN 2464-1502

[_8a4b3077ca3b412c-12] 12,0 ^12,1 Pas L. v. Genealogics ? 2003.

[13] John D. Brewer , Peace processes: a sociological approach , p. 7, Polity Press, 2010

[14] ≪Archived copy≫ . ?????????? ? ?????????? 2015 ?? ??????? 3-?? . ??????? ? 2015 ?? ??????? 2-?? . {{ cite web }}: CS1 ????? ?????? ????????? ? ????? ???????? ( link )

[15] PRIO Stories

[16] ≪Peacebuilding and The United Nations - United Nations Peacebuilding Support Office≫ . Un.org. 2011 ?? ??????? 24 . ??????? ? 2013 ?? ????????? 18-?? .

[nbl-17] 17,0 ^17,1 "Johan Galtung" , Norsk Biografisk Leksikon

[coe.int-18] ≪CV_Galtung≫ . Coe.int . ??????? ? 2013 ?? ????????? 18-?? .

[19] ≪Genealogical data for Johan Galtung≫ . ?????????? ? ?????????? 2008 ?? ???????? 3-?? . ??????? ? 2007 ?? ????????? 18-?? .

[Life_of_Johan_Galtung_in_Danish-20] ≪Life of Johan Galtung (in Danish)≫ . ?????????? ? ?????????? 2016 ?? ????? 4-?? . ??????? ? 2020 ?? ??????? 17-?? .

[PRIO_biography_for_Johan_Galtung-21] 21,0 ^21,1 ≪PRIO biography for Johan Galtung≫ . ?????????? ? ?????????? 2008 ?? ?????? 28-?? . ??????? ? 2007 ?? ????????? 17-?? .

[transcend.org-22] 22,0 ^22,1 TRANSCEND biography on Johan Galtung

[K._Boulding_1977:_75-23] (K. Boulding 1977: 75)

[24] ≪Gruppe 7: Samfunnsfag (herunder sosiologi, statsvitenskap og økonomi)≫ (Norwegian). Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters . ?????????? ? ?????????? 2011 ?? ?????????? 27-?? . ??????? ? 2009 ?? ?????????? 26-?? . {{ cite web }}: CS1 ????? ????????? ????? ( link )

[25] PEACEBUILDING & THE UNITED NATIONS Peacebuilding Support Office, United Nations

[USempirefall-26] On the Coming Decline and Fall of the US Empire by Johan Galtung, Transnational Foundation and Peace and Research (TFF), January 28, 2004.

[27] Amerikas imperium gar under innen 2020 ?????????? 2016-04-10 Wayback Machine Adressa September 23, 2004.

[The_Peace_Racket-28] The Peace Racket ?????????? 2016-03-13 Wayback Machine by Bruce Bawer, City Journal, Summer 2007.

[barbarians-29] Barbarians within the gate (???????? ?????) by Barbara Kay, National Post, February 18, 2009.

[30] ≪Honorary doctorates - Uppsala University, Sweden≫ .

[31] ≪Jamnalal Bajaj Awards Archive≫ . Jamnalal Bajaj Foundation .

[32] ≪Johan Galtung's Publications 1948-2010≫ (PDF) . ?????????? ? ?????????? (PDF) 2012 ?? ?????????? 1-?? . ??????? ? 2012 ?? ?????????? 8-?? .

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